ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ

ⴰⵏⵙⵓⴼ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵙⴰⵎⵓ ⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ	ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ 7 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2976 ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ 12 262 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ: 45
ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ● ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔⵏ ● ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ● ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ● ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ● Read in English

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ

ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ ⵏⵖ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵙ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰ ⵓ ⴳⵍⵍⵓⵍ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵕⵕⵊ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⴷⵔⵓⵔⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ (ⴳⵔ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ). ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵣ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵢⵉⵡⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴳⵔⴰⵜⵙⵏⵜ. ⵉⴳ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵏⵖⵉⴷ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2022, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⵙ ⵜⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴽⵎⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ. ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢ "ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ" ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ "ⴹⴹⵕⴱ ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ", ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵏⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ "ⴹⴹⵕⴱ ⵉⵣⵔⴱⵏ" ⴷ ⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ "ⵟⴰⵎⵟⴰⵎ" ⴷ "ⵛⵛⴼⵏⴰ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵖⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵍⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵃⵓⵡⵛⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵓⴽⵓ ⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴽⵓⵎⵎⵉⵢⵜ/ⵍⴽⵎⵎⵉⵢⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⵉⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵓⵎⵎⵉⵢⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵃⵓⵡⵛⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ .ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵚⴱⵃⴰⵏ

ⵎⴰⵕⴽⵓ ⵕⵓⵢⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵎⴰⵕⴽⵓ ⵕⵢⵢⵓⵙ, (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Marco Reus) (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 31 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1989 ⴳ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ, ⴳ ⵓⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ. ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴱⵓⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⵙⴳ 2012 ⴰⵔ 2024. ⴳ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴰⵔ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵡⵙⵜⴰⵢ ⴳ 12 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2011 ⵙⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵡⴰⵅⵉⵎ ⵍⵓⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⴳⵎⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵕⵓⵢⵙ ⴰⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⴱⵓⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⵎⴳⵍ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵔⵢⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⴷⵔⵉⴷ ⴳ 27 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 2024 ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵕⵥⴰ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⵙ 0-2 ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵎⴱⵍⵉⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵓⵏⴹⵓⵏ.

ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⴰⵕⴽⵓ ⵕⵓⵢⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴳ 31 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1989, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵙⵜ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1994 ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1996, ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴱⵓⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⴷⵓⵔⵜⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴼⵜⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵜ ⴼⴰⵢⵙ ⴰⵀⵍⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ 19 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2006, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵎⵏⵢⵓⴳⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵢⵙ ⴰⵀⵍⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⵙ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵖⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008/09, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ 19 ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵔⴰⵔ 27 ⵏ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ, ⵉⵙⵙⵡⵓ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵙⵙⵡⵉⵜⵏ, ⵉⵙⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ 3.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴷ

ⵔⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⴱⵓ ⵉⴷⵉⵏⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴷⵉ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵃⴰⵃⴰⵏ (ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ). ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴹⵏⵏⴰⵥ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵏ, ⵉⴳ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⵙⴳⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ.

ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵔⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ; ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵔⵄⵓⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷⵏⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ, ⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓⵏ ⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵣⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵕⵕⵓⵢⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵛⵎⵏ ⵔⵔⵉⴱⴰⴱ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ, ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵣⵓ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴱⵓⵢⵄⵇⵓⴱⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵄⵍⵉ ⴼⴰⵢⵇ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ .ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ

ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1934 ⵙ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵟⵟⵓ, ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ, ⴰⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵚ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵏ: ⵊⵓⵏ ⴱⵉⵏⵡⴰ ⵍⵉⴼⵉ, ⵎⴰⵕⵉ ⵉⴱⵛⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵡⵡⵓ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1934 ⵙ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ; ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⵉⵟⵟⵓ", ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ, ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵉⴱⵛⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵊⵓⵏ ⴱⵉⵏⵡⴰ ⵍⵉⴼⵉ , ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴳⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1989 ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ " ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵙⵙⵉ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⵉⵢⵣⴳⴰⵔⵏ (ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⴳⵉⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1993), ⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ. ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ. ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1993 ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ " ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⴽⴰ. ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ", ⵄⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵛⴽⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏⵥ

ⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ . ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ

ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ

ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵥⵕ ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ

ⵎⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ?

ⵜframeless

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵒⵉⴷⵢⴰ (Wikipedia ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ (291 ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ 2015). ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ. ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⵜ ⵊⵉⵎⵉ ⵡⵉⵍⵣ ⴷ ⵍⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⴰⵏⴳⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 15 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2001. ⴷ ⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⴱⴹⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, "ⵡⵉⴽⵉ" ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⴱⵣⵔⴱⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⴷⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ, ⴷ "ⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ "encyclopedia". ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵃⵔⴰ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 300 (ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹ) ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ, ⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ. ⴳ ⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 40 (ⴽⵓⵎⵔⴰⵡ) ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵙ 300 (ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹ) ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2014 (ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⴷ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ) ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵢⵥⵕⴰ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 18 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 500 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⴱⵏ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜⵜ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ

ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026, ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.
ⵀⴰⵏ ⵙⵢⵓⵏⴳ ⵙⵓⴽ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ, ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ.
ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙ 1 - 0 ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴼⵉⵕⴰⵏ ⵟⵓⵕⵉⵚ.
ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ" ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎ, ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⵉ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵙⵓⵏ.

ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ . ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ

ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ

ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: 20 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ.

1130: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴱⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵡⴰⵃⵉⴷⵉⵏ.
1932: ⴰⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ.
1953: ⴰⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵔⴰⴼ ⵙ ⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ.
2011: ⴽⵛⵎⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⴳⴳⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵊⴰⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵟⴰⵔⴰⴱⵍⵓⵙ.

ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ: 19 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ● 20 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ● 21 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ

ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ ● ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ● ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ

ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ 20 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2026 (ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ) ● ⵙⵙⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵢ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ

	ⵉⵖ ⵉⴹⵕ ⵓⵎⵓⴳⴰⵢ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵉⴳⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵊⵏⵡⵉⵏⵏ
—ⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴷ?

... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ (ⴷⴳ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ) ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1953?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴽⵡⵉⴽⵏⵀⵓⴼ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴳ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 3000 ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵍⵀⵍⵎⵓⵙ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵙⴰⵡ ⴰⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⵉⵔⵏ ⴳ 1574, ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵇⴱⵔⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ 100 ⴰⵔ 400 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵍⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵜⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 3 ⵏ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵜ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵜⴰⵙ/ⵎⵕⵚⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵜⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴼⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵛⵉⴼⵢⵉⵍⴷ ⵓ ⵏⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵇⴱⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵍ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵕⵉ ⴽⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ, ⴷⴳ ⵜⴼⵉⵣⵉⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1903 ⴷ ⵜⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1911?

ⵔⵏⵓ ⵓⵎⵍⵉ . ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ

ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ

ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵏⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ

ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ:

ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ : ⴰⵥⵕⵓ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ.

ⵜⴰⵖⴹⴼⵜ ! : ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ (ⵖ, ⵅ, ⵇ) ⴷⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵓⵔⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ, ⵙ ⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ (ⵔ, ⵙ), ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉ : ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ, ⵜⴰⵅⵙⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵖⵉⵔⴷⵎ.

ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ

ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴷ: ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵕⵜ.
ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵓ: ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ.
ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ "ⵖ,ⵅ,ⵇ" ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴽⴽⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ "ⵔ".

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ · ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ

ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ (1946 - 2026) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ● ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ

ⴰⵡⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵣⵔⴽ ⵙ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ. ⵎⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵏⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵓⵙⵔⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ, ⵥⵕ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵙⵇⵙⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 12 262 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ, ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ. ⵉⴳ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵙⴰⵏⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ (ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ) ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵀⵓ, ⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ. ⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ, ⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ, ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵥⵕ ⵉⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ

ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ