Pargasite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Pargasite
Formula:
NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Pargasite is defined as a pargasite group member with the following dominant elements:
A position: Na
C position: Mg as the dominant divalent cation and Al as the dominant trivalent cation.
W position: OH as the dominant anion
A position: Na
C position: Mg as the dominant divalent cation and Al as the dominant trivalent cation.
W position: OH as the dominant anion
Colour:
Light-brown, brown, greenish-brown to dark green and black.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1814 by Count Fabian Gotthard von Steinheil for the locality in the Pargas Valley, Finland. {Note: Count Fabian Gotthard von Steinheil is not well-known as a mineralogist. He was Governor General of Finland in 1810. Steinheilite was named for him by Johan Gadolin, also in 1814.}
Type Locality:
Pargasite is one of the earliest amphiboles that were described that are still a valid mineral. It was rudimentarily described by von Steinheil in 1814 and more thoroughly by Nordenskiöld (1821). Nordenskiold included both chemistry, optical and physical properties as well as detailed crystallographic measurements. Compared to most other contemporary first descriptions of minerals, his work was remarkable.
The mineral pargasite is more common than indicated in Mindat, as it is one of the more common amphiboles in metamorphic rocks (Schumacher, 2007). The majority of "hornblende" specimens is probably either magnesio-hornblende or pargasite.
Pargasite form continuous series towards several other amphiboles, both within the pargasite root name group towards one or more other amphibole species. In many marbles, the amphibole can be intermediate between pargasite and edenite, in amphibolites, the amphibole is often in the actinolite-magnesio-hornblende-pargasite series. In megacrysts in volcanic rocks, the amphibole is often intermediate between hastingsite, pargasite and kaersutite. In eclogites and other high-grade mafic rocks, the amphibole may be intermediate between pargasite and Na-Ca amphiboles.
Pargasite is the Al analogue of magnesio-hastingsite.
Pargasite can be found in a wide range of rock types, both igneous and metamorphic. The largest, well-formed crystals of pargasite are known from calc-silicate rocks and marbles.
Some pargasite can be very F-rich (e.g. Tsunogae et al., 2003) and may grade into fluoro-pargasite.
The Al analogue of mangani-pargasite.
Closely related to fluoro-cannilloite.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Pargasite.
The mineral pargasite is more common than indicated in Mindat, as it is one of the more common amphiboles in metamorphic rocks (Schumacher, 2007). The majority of "hornblende" specimens is probably either magnesio-hornblende or pargasite.
Pargasite form continuous series towards several other amphiboles, both within the pargasite root name group towards one or more other amphibole species. In many marbles, the amphibole can be intermediate between pargasite and edenite, in amphibolites, the amphibole is often in the actinolite-magnesio-hornblende-pargasite series. In megacrysts in volcanic rocks, the amphibole is often intermediate between hastingsite, pargasite and kaersutite. In eclogites and other high-grade mafic rocks, the amphibole may be intermediate between pargasite and Na-Ca amphiboles.
Pargasite is the Al analogue of magnesio-hastingsite.
Pargasite can be found in a wide range of rock types, both igneous and metamorphic. The largest, well-formed crystals of pargasite are known from calc-silicate rocks and marbles.
Some pargasite can be very F-rich (e.g. Tsunogae et al., 2003) and may grade into fluoro-pargasite.
The Al analogue of mangani-pargasite.
Closely related to fluoro-cannilloite.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Pargasite.Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3119
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3119:2
IMA Classification of Pargasite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Pargasite
9.DE.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
66.1.3a.12
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
16.11.13
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
11 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and Mg with or without alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
11 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and Mg with or without alkalis
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Prg | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Prg | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Prg | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Prg | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Prg | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Pronunciation of Pargasite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Pargasite
Vitreous
Colour:
Light-brown, brown, greenish-brown to dark green and black.
Streak:
Pale grey-green to brownish-green.
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {110}
on {110}
Optical Data of Pargasite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.63 nβ = 1.64 nγ = 1.65
2V:
Measured: 63° , Calculated: 88°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v
Chemistry of Pargasite
Mindat Formula:
NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Pargasite is defined as a pargasite group member with the following dominant elements:
A position: Na
C position: Mg as the dominant divalent cation and Al as the dominant trivalent cation.
W position: OH as the dominant anion
Pargasite is defined as a pargasite group member with the following dominant elements:
A position: Na
C position: Mg as the dominant divalent cation and Al as the dominant trivalent cation.
W position: OH as the dominant anion
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Fe,Ti,Cr,Mn,K,F,P
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 42.16 % | 44.08 % | 39.74 % | 43.28 % | 53.48 % | 44.55 % | 45 % | 41.93 % | 44.62 % | 43.85 % | 46.71 % | 44.66 % | 43.47 % | 46.64 % |
| TiO2 | 0.45 % | 0.05 % | 0.08 % | 0.11 % | 0.04 % | 0.13 % | 3.48 % | 0.19 % | 0.46 % | 0.35 % | .3 % | .37 % | 0.55 % | 0.38 % |
| Al2O3 | 16.56 % | 12.63 % | 15.63 % | 16.29 % | 6.43 % | 12.99 % | 9.5 % | 16.12 % | 10.70 % | 10.95 % | 10.78 % | 11.68 % | 16.13 % | 13.01 % |
| MnO | 0.03 % | 0.11 % | 0.24 % | 0.06 % | 0.02 % | 0.30 % | 0.09 % | 0.06 % | 0.46 % | 0.35 % | .02 % | .04 % | 0.04 % | |
| FeO | 13.23 % | 12.25 % | 17.59 % | 8.27 % | 10.51 % | 11.25 % | 10.17 % | 13.71 % | 18.15 % | 18.24 % | 11.56 % | 9.75 % | 8.58 % | 5.01 % |
| MgO | 10.11 % | 12.94 % | 8.93 % | 13.06 % | 14.94 % | 12.23 % | 14.84 % | 11.51 % | 9.45 % | 9.68 % | 12.38 % | 13.01 % | 12.58 % | 15.22 % |
| CaO | 10.09 % | 11.32 % | 11.34 % | 9.53 % | 8.83 % | 12.08 % | 10.82 % | 10.60 % | 10.32 % | 11.19 % | 13.21 % | 11.51 % | 9.71 % | 10.06 % |
| Na2O | 3.55 % | 2.98 % | 2.15 % | 4.78 % | 2.98 % | 2.77 % | 2.97 % | 4.05 % | 2.06 % | 1.98 % | 2.54 % | 2.83 % | 4.06 % | 3.93 % |
| K2O | 1.26 % | 1.21 % | 2.05 % | 0.09 % | 0.15 % | 0.22 % | 0.36 % | 0.15 % | 0,56 % | 0.56 % | .43 % | .49 % | 0.25 % | 0.41 % |
| Cr2O3 | 0.04 % | 0.02 % | 0.06 % | 0.04 % | ||||||||||
| NiO | 0.02 % | 0.01 % | ||||||||||||
| H2O | 2.11 % | 2.07 % | 2.06 % | 2.06 % | ||||||||||
| Fe2O3 | 2.45 % | 4.12 % | ||||||||||||
| F | 0.1 % | |||||||||||||
| Cl | 0.17 % | |||||||||||||
| Total: | 97.44 % | 97.63 % | 97.78 % | 95.47 % | 99.55 % | 101.04 % | 97.54 % | 98.32 % | 96.22 % | 97.15 % | 99.99 % | 100.52 % | 95.37 % | 94.66 % |
Sample references:
Crystallography of Pargasite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.910(1) Å, b = 18.022(1) Å, c = 5.312(1) Å
β = 105.78(1)°
β = 105.78(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.55 : 1 : 0.295
Unit Cell V:
912.96 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Comment:
Cell from Handbook of Mineralogy. Also given as: 9.87, 18.00, 5.30 Å, 105.4°.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001081 | Pargasite | Raudsepp M, Turnock A C, Hawthorne F C, Sherriff B L, Hartman J S (1987) Characterization of synthetic pargasitic amphiboles (NaCa2Mg4M3+Si6Al2O22(OH,F)2; M3+ = Al,Cr,Ga,Sc,In) by infrared spectroscopy, Rietveld structure refinement, and 27Al, 29Si, and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy American Mineralogist 72 580-593 |  | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001082 | Pargasite | Raudsepp M, Turnock A C, Hawthorne F C, Sherriff B L, Hartman J S (1987) Characterization of synthetic pargasitic amphiboles (NaCa2Mg4M3+Si6Al2O22(OH,F)2; M3+ = Al,Cr,Ga,Sc,In) by infrared spectroscopy, Rietveld structure refinement, and 27Al, 29Si, and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy American Mineralogist 72 580-593 | | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001083 | Pargasite | Raudsepp M, Turnock A C, Hawthorne F C, Sherriff B L, Hartman J S (1987) Characterization of synthetic pargasitic amphiboles (NaCa2Mg4M3+Si6Al2O22(OH,F)2; M3+ = Al,Cr,Ga,Sc,In) by infrared spectroscopy, Rietveld structure refinement, and 27Al, 29Si, and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy American Mineralogist 72 580-593 | | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001084 | Pargasite | Raudsepp M, Turnock A C, Hawthorne F C, Sherriff B L, Hartman J S (1987) Characterization of synthetic pargasitic amphiboles (NaCa2Mg4M3+Si6Al2O22(OH,F)2; M3+ = Al,Cr,Ga,Sc,In) by infrared spectroscopy, Rietveld structure refinement, and 27Al, 29Si, and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy American Mineralogist 72 580-593 | | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001085 | Pargasite | Raudsepp M, Turnock A C, Hawthorne F C, Sherriff B L, Hartman J S (1987) Characterization of synthetic pargasitic amphiboles (NaCa2Mg4M3+Si6Al2O22(OH,F)2; M3+ = Al,Cr,Ga,Sc,In) by infrared spectroscopy, Rietveld structure refinement, and 27Al, 29Si, and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy American Mineralogist 72 580-593 | | 1987 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001267 | Pargasite | Makino K, Tomita K (1989) Cation distribution in the octahedral sites of hornblendes sample I-P from Iratsu, Japan American Mineralogist 74 1097-1105 | | 1989 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001268 | Pargasite | Makino K, Tomita K (1989) Cation distribution in the octahedral sites of hornblendes sample E-P from Einstodingen, Antarctica American Mineralogist 74 1097-1105 | | 1989 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001270 | Pargasite | Makino K, Tomita K (1989) Cation distribution in the octahedral sites of hornblendes sample P-P from Parau Island American Mineralogist 74 1097-1105 | | 1989 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001826 | Pargasite | Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Grice J D (1996) A new hyper-calcic amphibole with Ca at the A site: Fluor-cannilloite from Pargas, Finland American Mineralogist 81 995-1002 | | 1996 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002275 | Pargasite | Sharma A, Jenkins D M (1999) Hydrothermal synthesis of amphiboles along the tremolite-pargasite join and in the ternary system tremolite-pargasite-cummingtonite American Mineralogist 84 1304-1318 | | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002276 | Pargasite | Sharma A, Jenkins D M (1999) Hydrothermal synthesis of amphiboles along the tremolite-pargasite join and in the ternary system tremolite-pargasite-cummingtonite American Mineralogist 84 1304-1318 | | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002277 | Pargasite | Sharma A, Jenkins D M (1999) Hydrothermal synthesis of amphiboles along the tremolite-pargasite join and in the ternary system tremolite-pargasite-cummingtonite American Mineralogist 84 1304-1318 | | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002278 | Pargasite | Sharma A, Jenkins D M (1999) Hydrothermal synthesis of amphiboles along the tremolite-pargasite join and in the ternary system tremolite-pargasite-cummingtonite American Mineralogist 84 1304-1318 | | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002279 | Pargasite | Sharma A, Jenkins D M (1999) Hydrothermal synthesis of amphiboles along the tremolite-pargasite join and in the ternary system tremolite-pargasite-cummingtonite American Mineralogist 84 1304-1318 | | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002351 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 1 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002352 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 2 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002353 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 3 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002354 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies Sample 4 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002355 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 5 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002356 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 6 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002357 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 7 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002358 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 8 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002359 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 9 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002360 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 10 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002361 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 11 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002362 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 12 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002363 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 13 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002364 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 14 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002365 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 15 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002366 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 16 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002367 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 17 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002368 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 18 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002369 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 19 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002370 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 20 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002371 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 21 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002372 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Vannucci R, Zanetti A, Tiepolo M, Brumm R C (2000) A Crystal Chemical re-evaluation of amphibole/melt and amphibole/clinopyroxene DTi values in petrogenetic studies SAMPLE 22 American Mineralogist 85 407-419 | | 2000 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019530 | Pargasite | Halenius U, Bosi F (2012) Cation ordering in Pb2+-bearing, Mn3+-rich pargasite from Langban, Sweden American Mineralogist 97 1635-1640 | 2012 | Langban, Sweden | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005420 | Pargasite | Jenkins D M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Synthesis and rietveld refinement of amphibole along the join Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 - NaCa2Mg4Ga3Si6O22F2 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 13-24 | | 1995 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0005421 | Pargasite | Jenkins D M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Synthesis and rietveld refinement of amphibole along the join Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 - NaCa2Mg4Ga3Si6O22F2 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 13-24 | | 1995 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0005422 | Pargasite | Jenkins D M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Synthesis and rietveld refinement of amphibole along the join Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 - NaCa2Mg4Ga3Si6O22F2 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 13-24 | | 1995 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0005423 | Pargasite | Jenkins D M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Synthesis and rietveld refinement of amphibole along the join Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 - NaCa2Mg4Ga3Si6O22F2 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 13-24 | | 1995 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0005424 | Pargasite | Jenkins D M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Synthesis and rietveld refinement of amphibole along the join Ca2Mg5Si8O22F2 - NaCa2Mg4Ga3Si6O22F2 The Canadian Mineralogist 33 13-24 | | 1995 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0005455 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1995) [6]Al disorder in amphiboles from mantle peridotites The Canadian Mineralogist 33 867-878 | | 1995 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005456 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1995) [6]Al disorder in amphiboles from mantle peridotites The Canadian Mineralogist 33 867-878 | | 1995 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005458 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1995) [6]Al disorder in amphiboles from mantle peridotites The Canadian Mineralogist 33 867-878 | | 1995 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005459 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E (1995) [6]Al disorder in amphiboles from mantle peridotites The Canadian Mineralogist 33 867-878 | | 1995 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005494 | Pargasite | Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Sardone N (1996) Sodium at the A site in clinoamphiboles: the effects of composition on patterns of order The Canadian Mineralogist 34 577-593 | | 1996 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005495 | Pargasite | Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Sardone N (1996) Sodium at the A site in clinoamphiboles: the effects of composition on patterns of order The Canadian Mineralogist 34 577-593 | | 1996 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005496 | Pargasite | Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Sardone N (1996) Sodium at the A site in clinoamphiboles: the effects of composition on patterns of order The Canadian Mineralogist 34 577-593 | | 1996 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005497 | Pargasite | Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Sardone N (1996) Sodium at the A site in clinoamphiboles: the effects of composition on patterns of order The Canadian Mineralogist 34 577-593 | | 1996 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005571 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Camara F, Raudsepp M (1998) Synthetic fluoro-amphiboles: site preferences of Al, Ga, Sc and inductive effects on mean bond-lengths of octahedra The Canadian Mineralogist 36 1245-1252 | | 1998 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005759 | Pargasite | Tait K T, Hawthorne F C, Della Ventura G (2001) Al-Mg disorder in a gem-quality pargasite from Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada The Canadian Mineralogist 39 1725-1732 | | 2001 | Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0006418 | Pargasite | Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane European Journal of Mineralogy 3 485-499 | 1991 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006419 | Pargasite | Comodi P, Mellini M, Ungaretti L, Zanazzi P F (1991) Compressibility and high pressure structure refinement of tremolite, pargasite and glaucophane European Journal of Mineralogy 3 485-499 | 1991 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006603 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C, Memmi I (1995) Temperature-dependent Al order-disorder in the tetrahedral double chain of C2/m amphiboles European Journal of Mineralogy 7 1049-1063 | 1995 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006604 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C, Memmi I (1995) Temperature-dependent Al order-disorder in the tetrahedral double chain of C2/m amphiboles European Journal of Mineralogy 7 1049-1063 | 1995 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006605 | Pargasite | Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C, Memmi I (1995) Temperature-dependent Al order-disorder in the tetrahedral double chain of C2/m amphiboles European Journal of Mineralogy 7 1049-1063 | 1995 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006771 | Pargasite | Welch M D, Knight K S (1999) A neutron powder diffraction study of cation ordering in high-temperature synthetic amphiboles European Journal of Mineralogy 11 321-331 | 1999 | 0 | 293 |
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X-Ray Powder Diffraction
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Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 8 : Mafic igneous rocks | |
| 10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals | |
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) | |
| 16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
| Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust | >4.4-3.0 |
| 19 : Granitic intrusive rocks | |
| 20 : Acidic volcanic rocks | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 34 : Complex granite pegmatites | |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) |
Type Occurrence of Pargasite
Synonyms of Pargasite
Other Language Names for Pargasite
Varieties of Pargasite
| Carinthine | Brown to brown-green pleochroic variety, occurring mainly in eclogites. Originally reported from Gertrusk, Ladinger Spitze Mt. - Speikkogel Mt. area, Saualpe Mts, Carinthia, Austria. |
Relationship of Pargasite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Pargasite Root Name Group:
| Chromio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Ferro-chloro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)Cl2 | |
| Ferro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Fluoro-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Mangani-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-chloro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-ferro-pargasite | KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Vanadio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3+4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 90 photos of Pargasite associated with Ruby | Al2O3 |
| 58 photos of Pargasite associated with Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| 52 photos of Pargasite associated with Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| 44 photos of Pargasite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 28 photos of Pargasite associated with Marble | |
| 19 photos of Pargasite associated with Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| 18 photos of Pargasite associated with Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| 16 photos of Pargasite associated with Corundum | Al2O3 |
| 12 photos of Pargasite associated with Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 11 photos of Pargasite associated with Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DE. | Shojiite | Na(NaMg)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Clino-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Mangani-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Mn3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name Group | ◻{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | Pb2+Ca2(Mg3Fe3+2)(Si6Be2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Clino-ferro-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ◻{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-actinolite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-pargasite | (Na)(Ca2)(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | KCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Hastingsite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Unnamed (F-dominant analogue of Ferri-kaersutite) | (Na,K)Ca2[Mg3(Fe3+,Fe2+)Ti](Si6Al2O22)(F,O)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-chloro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Mangani-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | KCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Vanadio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3+4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | NaCa2{Fe2+3AlTi}(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Al]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-taramite | K{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}{Si6Al2}O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Hjalmarite | {Na}(NaMn}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Clinoferroholmquistite | ◻Li2[Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH,F)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-katophorite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Fe3+}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Scandio-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-sodic-fluoro-holmquistite | {Na}{Li2}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3(Al2-xTix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Fe3+2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Unnamed (Possible K-analogue of Ferri-obertiite) | KNa2((Mg,Fe,Na)3Fe3+(Ti,Fe))Si8O22(O,F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-mangani-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn3+4Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | KNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-jeanlouisite | K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | Na(Li2)(Fe2+2Al2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Mn3+Ti4+)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Scandio-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | {Na}{Na2}{Mn2+4Fe3+}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | NaNa2(MgMn3+2Ti4+Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-leakeite | NaNa2(Fe2+2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-leakeite | KNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiFe2+2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Pargasite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Pargasite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3119.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Pargasite
Reference List:
Tiepolo, Massimo, Zanetti, Alberto, Oberti, Roberta (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of [6]Ti4+ partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 11 (2) 345-354 doi:10.1127/ejm/11/2/0345
Tait, K. T.; Hawthorne, F. C.; Ventura, G. D. (2001) Al-Mg disorder in a gem-quality pargasite from Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39 (6). 1725-1732 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.39.6.1725
Tsunogae, Toshiaki, Osanai, Yasuhito, Owada, Masaaki, Toyoshima, Tsuyoshi, Hokada, Tomokazu, Crowe, Warwick A (2003) High fluorine pargasites in ultrahigh temperature granulites from Tonagh Island in the Archean Napier Complex, East Antarctica. Lithos, 70 (1) 21-38 doi:10.1016/s0024-4937(03)00087-2
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1) 1-21 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.1
Ishida, K. (2006) Assignment of infrared OH-stretching bands in calcic amphiboles through deuteration and heat treatment. American Mineralogist, 91 (5) 871-879 doi:10.2138/am.2006.1774
Halenius, U., Bosi, F. (2012) Cation ordering in Pb2+-bearing, Mn3+-rich pargasite from Langban, Sweden. American Mineralogist, 97 (10) 1635-1640 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4137
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R., Harlow, G. E., Maresch, W. V., Martin, R. F., Schumacher, J. C., Welch, M. D. (2012) Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup. American Mineralogist, 97 (11) 2031-2048 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4276
Heaveysege, David; Abdu, Yassir A.; Hawthorne, Frank C. (2015) Long-range and short-range order in gem pargasite from Myanmar: crystal-structure refinement and infrared spectroscopy. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53 (3). 497-510 doi:10.3749/canmin.1400107
Day, Maxwell C., Hawthorne, Frank C., Susta, Umberto, Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Harlow, George E. (2019) Gem amphiboles from Mogok, Myanmar: crystal-structure refinement, infrared spectroscopy and short-range order–disorder in gem pargasite and fluoro-pargasite. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (3) 361-371 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.149
Localities for Pargasite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| Woodside et al. (2014) |
Algeria | |
| J.P. Lorand and J.Y. Cottin |
| Kamiskey +1 other reference |
Antarctica | |
| Tsunogae et al. (2003) |
| Hiroi et al. (2023) |
| Ferrero et al. (2018) | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Gentili (2015) |
Argentina | |
| Pagano et al. (2016) +2 other references |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Sharkov et al. (2007) |
Australia | |
| Currie et al. (1992) |
| Teertstra et al. (1999) |
| Updated list originally distributed by ... | |
| part of list University of Queensland +1 other reference |
| Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection |
| Barnes et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| Exel (1993) |
| Mottana et al. (1968) +2 other references |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| H. Meixner: 32 (3) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| ERTL et al. (2008) |
| Carswell (1991) |
| Carswell et al. (1989) |
| Exel (1993) |
| Löffler et al. (2011) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Kievlenko et al. (2003) |
| Aufschluss 1972 (SB) |
| Exel (1993) |
| Exel (1993) | |
Bangladesh | |
| Uddin et al. (2022) |
Belarus | |
| Levitskiy et al. (2018, July) |
Bolivia | |
| Xirouchakis +2 other references |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Putiš et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Soares et al. (2025) |
| Mesquita et al. (2017) |
| Revista Brasileira de Geociências 30 (1) |
| Augustin et al. (2022) |
| Souza et al. (2024) |
| Souza Neto et al. (2008) |
| 1995 +1 other reference |
Bulgaria | |
| JANÁK et al. (2011) |
| Arnaudov et al. (1998) |
| Marcus Vau Collection |
| Marcus Voigt Collection | |
| I. Kostov et al. (1964) |
Cameroon | |
| Tetsopgang et al. (2003) |
Canada | |
| Locock (1994) |
| Richard Gunter specimens |
| Lemanski (n.d.) |
| Pe-Piper et al. (2024) |
| Can Min 38:1193-1199 |
| Tait et al. (2001) |
| [Canadian Mineralogist 38 p1193-1199 - ... | |
| www.venuewest.com/8IKC/s1post.htm. |
| Laarman |
| ontariominerals.com |
| Mitchell (1991) |
| |
| Currie et al. (1996) |
| Louise Corriveau (Date Modified: 2008-12-08) |
| Belley et al. (2016) |
| Velthuizen (1993) | |
| Horváth et al. (2019) |
| Chartrand (1999) |
| Petrella (2013) |
| Belley (2013) +1 other reference |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Beaudin et al. (2024) |
| Beaudin et al. (2024) | |
Chile | |
| Sugaki et al. (2000) |
China | |
| Bοlin et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Franz et al. (2001) |
| Proyer et al. (2014) |
| Yigang Xu et al. (1997) |
| Qin Xinlong et al. (2004) |
| Qin Xinlong et al. (2003) |
| Qin Xinlong et al. (2003) |
| Chen et al. (2023) |
| Proceedings 30th Intl Geol Cong Vol 16 ... |
| Teng et al. (2025) |
| Lairen Lai and Nanshi Zeng (1985) |
| Deru Xu et al. (2006) |
| Ratschbacher et al. (2006) |
| Zhang et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Pan et al. (1999) +2 other references |
| Chen et al. (2022) |
| Chen et al. (1992) |
| Li et al. (2022) |
| Wenji Bai and Hang Li (1993) |
| Oberti et al. (2003) |
| Rong Yan and Jianjun Yang (2013) | |
| Zhang et al. (2004) |
| Guo et al. (2025) |
| Sun et al. (2024) |
| Wang +10 other references |
| Yuan et al. (2022) |
| www.ngu.no (n.d.) |
| Chi et al. (2022) |
| Cui et al. (2022) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) |
| Gao et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| Liu |
| Yan Liu et al. (1997) | |
| Li et al. (2022) |
| Fang et al. (2024) |
| Jiang +3 other references |
| Fengmei Chai et al. (2006) |
| Ruan +3 other references |
| Lin et al. (2006) |
| Peng et al. (1995) |
| Chengdian Pen (1986) +1 other reference |
| Xue et al. (2022) |
Colombia | |
| Tistl (1994) |
Cuba | |
| Cárdenas-Párraga et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
| Pujol-Solà et al. (2020) |
Czech Republic | |
| Mücke et al. (2006) |
| Tsunogae et al. (2003) |
| Houzar et al. (2008) |
| Vrána |
| Houzar |
| SEIFERT AV et al. (2005) |
| Ackerman et al. (2025) |
| Houzar et al. (2006) |
| Pauliš |
| Houzar et al. (2006) | |
Dominican Republic | |
| Krebs et al. (2008) |
Egypt | |
| Khedr et al. (2020) |
| Abdelfadil et al. (2025) | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. | |
Finland | |
| Sipilä |
| Pelayo Barrón Francisco (2020) |
| Leake et al. (1997) |
| Eskola et. al 1919 | |
| - (n.d.) | |
| Hietala |
| Jyrki Autio specimen & photo | |
France | |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| FORESTIER F. H. (1969) |
| Collected by Guy Pégère |
| Collected by Guy Pégère and François ... |
| Collected by Guy Pégère |
| PERINET F. (2009) |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Brousse +7 other references | |
| les maars de Menat et leurs annexes et al. (5) +1 other reference |
| Périnet (n.d.) |
| Brousse +5 other references |
| Ph. D'arco |
| Cluzel et al. (2022) |
| 33rd International Geological Congress (2008) |
| D. Coffrant |
| J.L. Bodinier et al. |
| Claude Laforêt |
| |
| G. Trolliard et al. +1 other reference | |
| N. Cabanes and J.C.C. Mercier |
| Goujou et al. (2000) |
| Lacroix (1910) |
| Béziat |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Cloos (1941) +8 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| |
| F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke" et al. (Hof) |
| Rost (1949) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Loock et al. (1990) |
| Viereck |
| Witt-Eickschen et al. (Germany) |
| Viereck |
| Viereck |
| Schäfer (2016) |
| Brauns (1922) |
| Meyer et al. (2025) |
| Schmädicke et al. (1997) |
| Schmädicke et al. (1997) | |
| Schmädicke et al. (1997) |
| Mineralienatlas.de |
| Wittern (2001) +2 other references |
Greece | |
| Kapsiotis et al. (2016) |
| Garuti et al. (1999) | |
| Tsoupas et al. (2021) |
| Wang et al. (2017) +2 other references |
| Liati et al. (1994) |
| Pelletier et al. (2008) | |
| Kapsiotis (2013) |
Greenland | |
| Bradshaw (1988) +1 other reference |
| Cao (2016) |
| Petersen et al. (1985) |
| Bøggild (1953) |
| Petersen et al. (1980) |
| www.koeln.netsurf.de (1999) | |
Hungary | |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| C. Szabó et al. |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
India | |
| Bhattacharjee et al. (2012) |
| Ravindra Kumar et al. (1989) |
| Baidya et al. (2018) |
| Rout et al. (2022) | |
| Mineralogical Studies of Metasomatized ... |
| Baidya et al. (2018) | |
| Middlemost et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
Indonesia | |
| Foden et al. (1980) +2 other references |
Iran | |
| Mazhari et al. (2009) |
Italy | |
| Lecacheur et al. (2024) |
| Silvana Martin et al. (2025) |
| Imma Punzo find & collection |
| [www.dinet.it/Mineral-GMC/AMI/vesuvio.html et al. (2004) | |
| Imma Punzo find & collection | |
| Metrich et al. (1988) +2 other references |
| Marchesini et al. (2025) |
| Arrigoni et al. (2020) |
| Marchesini et al. (2025) |
| Bedognè et al. (2006) |
| Colombo F. et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| |
| library.iem.ac.ru (1999) | |
| Michele Verdi et al. (2025) |
| Sessa et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Gamboni et al. (2021) |
| Franceschelli M. et al. (2005) +5 other references |
| Carraro et al. (2003) |
| Gieré et al. (1992) |
| Garofalo et al. (2025) |
| Boscardin M. et al. (2011) |
Japan | |
| Satori et al. (2025) |
| Aoki (1971) +1 other reference |
| Miura et al. (2018) |
| Shimazaki et al. (1984) |
| Naohito Kishira (2013) |
| Shimazaki et al. (1984) | |
| Okuno (1964) |
| European Journal of Mineralogy (2004) +1 other reference |
| Banno et al. (2005) | |
| Sawaki (1988) |
| Takazawa et al. (1999) |
| Takazawa et al. (1999) | |
| Takazawa et al. (1999) | |
| Arai et al. (2021) |
| Watanabe et al (1963) +1 other reference |
| www.city.itoigawa.niigata.jp/fmm/detail-menu2/min109-corundum/corundum.html (in matrix of corundum-bearing river cobbles) |
| Ishibashi (1974) |
| Arai et al. (1994) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +2 other references |
Madagascar | |
| Majmundar (1969) |
| Majmundar (1969) |
| Seydoux-Guillaume et al. (2009) | |
| Besaire (1966) |
| Majmundar (1969) | |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 964869, Ex J. Behier specimen, labelled pargasite) |
| rockPTX |
| Groat +4 other references |
Mali | |
| www.mindat.org (n.d.) |
| XRD by John Attard. Specimen was ... | |
Mauritania | |
| Marsh et al. (2015) |
Mozambique | |
| Pardieu et al. (2013) |
Myanmar | |
| www.ruby-sapphire.com (2000) +1 other reference |
| Kyaw Thu (2007) |
| Themelis (2008) |
| Themelis (2008) +1 other reference | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data +1 other reference |
Namibia | |
| Kaiser (Ed.) +3 other references |
New Zealand | |
| Cooper (2020) |
| Mossman et al. (2000) |
| Mossman et al. (2000) | |
Norway | |
| Visser et al. (1999) |
| Brickwood (1986) |
| Garmo et al. (1995) |
| Svensen et al. (2001) |
| Cutts (2019) |
| Seljebotn (2016) |
| Mitchell (1980) |
| Cadow (1993) |
| Robins et al. (1983) | |
| Michalsen (2000) |
| Sturt et al. (1967) +6 other references | |
| Kullerud et al. (2012) |
| Janák et al. (2015) | |
| Witsø (1995) |
| Witsø (1995) | |
| Piilonen et al. (2013) |
| Piilonen et al. (2013) |
| Krogh (1980) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2022) |
Pakistan | |
| imported from Neelum Valley |
| Blauwet et al. (2004) | |
| |
| Blauwet et al. (2004) | |
| Blauwet et al. (2004) | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
Paraguay | |
| DHZ |
Philippines | |
| Ruth et al. (2021) |
| Fournelle et al. (1996) |
| Cao et al. (2018) |
Poland | |
| Wojtulek et al. (2019) |
| Gil et al. (2022) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Gil et al. (2019) |
Romania | |
| Papp et al. (2005) |
| Hirtopanu Paulina et al. (2013) |
| Szakáll (2002) |
Russia | |
| Dumańska-Słowik et al. (2022) |
| Kepezhinskas et al. (2023) +1 other reference |
| Gottman et al. (2018) |
| Zaccarini et al. (2004) | |
| Doroshkevich et al. (2012) |
| Kiseleva et al. (2022) |
| Spiridonov et al. (2019) |
| Spiridonov et al. (2019, April) | |
| Kislov +2 other references | |
| Sorokina et al. (2019) |
| Victor Grigorievich Korinevsky et al. (16) | |
| Local geolofist S.V.Kolesnichenko data +1 other reference |
| Korinevsky et al. (2022) |
| Ashchepkov +8 other references |
| Mazurov et al. (2007) |
| Podlipsky et al. (2015) |
| Cabri et al. (2022) |
| Novakov et al. (2021) |
| Tararin et al. (2007) | |
| Tararin et al. (2007) | |
| Kepezhinskas et al. (2024) |
| Radomskaya et al. (2017) |
| Chayka +9 other references |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2011) |
| Chukanov et al. (2023) |
| Sklyarov et al. (2021) +1 other reference | |
| Barkov et al. (2025) |
| Konopleva et al. (2008) |
| A. N. Korobeinikov et al. (1998) |
| |
| Mikhailova et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data (2012) | |
| Orsoev et al. (1985) +1 other reference | |
| ... | |
| Karimova et al. (2016) |
| Arzamastseva et al. (1999) +1 other reference | |
| Bazai et al. (2009) |
| Barkov +3 other references |
| Barkov +3 other references | |
| Nikolay Serebryakov data |
| Semenov et al. (2008) |
| Kovalskaya et al. (2017) +1 other reference | |
| Museum Victoria specimen number M 5524 |
| [World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Trunilina et al. (2021) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| webmineral.ru (2020) | |
| Ashchepkov et al. (2015) |
| Ashchepkov et al. (2021) |
| Trunilina et al. (2022) |
| Stepanov et al. (2023) |
| Mikhailov et al. (2021) |
| Anikina et al. (2014) |
| Anikina et al. (2014) | |
| Zaccarini et al. (2008) |
| Stepanov +7 other references |
| Garuti et al. (2003) |
| Kuzhuget et al. (2020) |
| Pekov et al. (2024) |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | |
| Ph. D'arco | |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Faheha et al. (2012) |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Uher P. |
| Ružička P. et al. (2017) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Ďuďa |
Slovenia | |
| Janák et al. (2015) | |
Solomon Islands | |
| Smith et al. (2009) |
South Africa | |
| Gutzmer (1996) |
South Korea | |
| Lee et al. (2022) |
Spain | |
| Puga et al. (2002) |
| Azañón et al. (1997) |
| González-Pérez et al. (2022) |
| Romero Silva (2003) |
| Romero Silva (2003) |
| Romero Silva (2003) | |
| Gervilla et al. (2002) | |
| Casillas et al. (2024) |
| Majarena Serrano (2015) |
| Losantos et al. (2025) |
| Joan Abella i Creus specimens |
| Pascual +1 other reference |
| S. Capedri et al. : "Upper-mantle ... |
| S. Capedri et al. : "Upper-mantle ... | |
| Aparicio et al. (western Mediterranean) +2 other references |
Sri Lanka | |
| Fabre (n.d.) +2 other references |
Sweden | |
| Jansson et al. (2011) |
| |
| Stenberg (2002) | |
| in: F. Corfu (Eds.) +1 other reference |
| Thulin (1996) |
| Denisová (2013) |
| Holtstam et al. (1999) +2 other references |
| Sandström et al. (2010) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Peters (1968) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| binn.strahlen.org (n.d.) |
Tanzania | |
| Simonet (2000) +2 other references |
| Simonet (2000) | |
| Yang +2 other references |
| Johnson et al. (1997) |
| Schmetzer et al. (2009) |
| Wu et al. (2023) |
Turkey | |
| Oberhänsli et al. (2013) |
| Okay et al. (1985) |
| Kozlu et al. (2014) |
| Le Maitre (1989) +7 other references |
| Sunkari et al. (2025) |
| Sunkari et al. (2025) | |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| De Bondt (n.d.) |
| B.G.J. Upton et al. |
| Smith et al. (2002) |
| Render (n.d.) |
| Stephenson et al. (1999) |
United Arab Emirates | |
| Ziegler et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Luo et al. (2022) |
| Kempton (1983) +1 other reference |
| Garcia et al. (1980) |
| Frey (1978) +1 other reference | |
| McCormick et al. (1987) |
| McCormick et al. (1987) |
| Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference |
| www.mineralsocal.org (1999) | |
| [micromounts@yahoogroups.com] |
| DeVito et al. (1984) |
| Allen et al. (1955) +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Carnein et al. (2005) |
| Schooner (1961) +1 other reference |
| Specimens field collected in 1983 by ... |
| King et al. (1994) |
| Anderson |
| Parker (2005) |
| Harvard Museum of Natural History |
| Cook |
| Emerson (1917) |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| - (1987) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Smith (2005) |
| Dunn (1995) |
| King (n.d.) | |
| Collected- David Bernstein 2010 | |
| 454 +1 other reference |
| John Cianciulli |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Child |
| Manchester (1931) |
| Manchester (1931) |
| Glenn Rhein | |
| departments.colgate.edu (2006) | |
| Manchester (1931) | |
| King (n.d.) |
| Jensen (1978) |
| gsa.confex.com (2003) | |
| Jensen (1978) | |
| Grew et al. (1990) |
| Hogarth (1979) |
| Leonard et al. (1964) |
| Walter (2022) |
| Robinson et al. (2007) |
| Stapor |
| Stapor | |
| Barbara A.Olsen |
| McSween et al. (1984) |
| Anderson et al. (2009) |
| McSween Jr et al. (1984) |
| Page (2005) |
| Page (2005) | |
| McSween et al. (1984) |
| Stapor | |
| Anderson et al. (2009) |
| Jeremy Zolan Collection |
| Miller (1972) |
| American Mineralogist (1930) |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Woodford et al. (2001) |
| Schulze et al. (2014) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Levitan (2009) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cannon (1975) | |
| Cannon (1975) |
Vietnam | |
| Hauzenberger et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Patureau (2011) |
| Fernando Pires photo & specimen +1 other reference | |
| Krivovichev et al. (2022) |
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Lục Yên District, Yên Bái Province, Vietnam