Kaersutite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kaersutite
Formula:
NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
The Kaersutite group minerals are WO2- dominant amphiboles defined with:
A(Na+K+2Ca)> 0.5 apfu,
B: Ca dominant
CTi > 0.5 apfu and
WO > 1.0 apfu
Kaersutite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C2+ position: Mg dominant
C3+ position: Al dominant
A(Na+K+2Ca)> 0.5 apfu,
B: Ca dominant
CTi > 0.5 apfu and
WO > 1.0 apfu
Kaersutite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C2+ position: Mg dominant
C3+ position: Al dominant
Colour:
Dark brown to black
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.2 - 3.28
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For the locality at Qaersut (Kaersut), Uummannaq (Umanak) Firth, northern Greenland.
The chemical formula of kaersutite has been changed in the 2012 amphibole nomenclature from {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Ti}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)O to {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 thus adding WO > 1.0 apfu to the CTi > 0.5 apfu requirement to the definition of the mineral. The exact WO2-/(OH)- ratio is rarely analysed and the amphibole report "use Ti content as a proxy for the oxo component in pargasite, and define kaersutite as having CTi >0.50 apfu (≈O2- > 1.00 apfu). However, if the O2- content is known from chemical or crystal-chemical analysis, it takes precedence over use of the Ti content as a proxy.
See also https://www.mindat.org/article.php/3928/Kaersutite+root+name+group for more details.
See also https://www.mindat.org/article.php/3928/Kaersutite+root+name+group for more details.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2129
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2129:2
IMA Classification of Kaersutite
Approved
Classification of Kaersutite
9.DE.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
66.1.3a.18
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
1 : Amphiboles - Mg-Fe-Mn-Li subgroup
16.14.4
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
14 : Aluminosilicates of Ti, Zr, Sn and Pb
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
14 : Aluminosilicates of Ti, Zr, Sn and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Krs | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Krs | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Krs | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Krs | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Krs | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Kaersutite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Dark brown to black
Streak:
Pale brownish-grey
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {110}
on {110}
Parting:
partings on {100}, {001}
Density:
3.2 - 3.28 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.11 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kaersutite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.670 - 1.689 nβ = 1.690 - 1.741 nγ = 1.700 - 1.772
2V:
Measured: 66° to 82°, Calculated: 68° to 72°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.030 - 0.083
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = yellow, yellow-brown; Y = red, red-brown; Z = deep brown, dark red-brown
Chemistry of Kaersutite
Mindat Formula:
NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
The Kaersutite group minerals are WO2- dominant amphiboles defined with:
A(Na+K+2Ca)> 0.5 apfu,
B: Ca dominant
CTi > 0.5 apfu and
WO > 1.0 apfu
Kaersutite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C2+ position: Mg dominant
C3+ position: Al dominant
The Kaersutite group minerals are WO2- dominant amphiboles defined with:
A(Na+K+2Ca)> 0.5 apfu,
B: Ca dominant
CTi > 0.5 apfu and
WO > 1.0 apfu
Kaersutite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C2+ position: Mg dominant
C3+ position: Al dominant
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Fe,Mn,K,F,H2O
Age distribution
Recorded ages:
Phanerozoic : 336 ± 28 Ma to 33.6 ± 1.8 Ma - based on 17 recorded ages.
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 38,24 % | 40,73 % | 39,12 % | 43.49 % |
| TiO2 | 5,61 % | 8,47 % | 2,97 % | 4.46 % |
| Al2O3 | 15,16 % | 10,62 % | 14,67 % | 11.05 % |
| Fe2O3 | 1,24 % | 1,39 % | 4,82 % | |
| FeO | 11,30 % | 11,91 % | 6,14 % | 7.18 % |
| MnO | 0,16 % | 0,25 % | 0,05 % | 0.09 % |
| MgO | 9,48 % | 10,46 % | 14,37 % | 16.04 % |
| CaO | 13,36 % | 10,40 % | 12,36 % | 11.41 % |
| Na2O | 2,21 % | 2,92 % | 2,02 % | 2.89 % |
| K2O | 1,16 % | 1,33 % | 2,09 % | 0.2 % |
| H2O+ | 1,83 % | 1,97 % | 2,27 % | |
| H2O- | 0,04 % | 0,23 % | 0,07 % | |
| Cr2O3 | 0. % | |||
| NiO | ||||
| F | 0.22 % | |||
| Cl | 0.15 % | |||
| Total: | 96 % | 94 % | 97 % | 97.18 % |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lugar Sill, East Ayrshire, Scotland, UK | ||
| 2 | Morotu river, Morotu, Sakhalin Island, Sakhalin Oblast, Russia | ||
| 3 | Hovid, Alnö Complex, Sundsvall, Västernorrland County, Sweden | ||
| 4 | Betic ophiolite, Cóbdar, Almería, Andalusia, Spain | Sample from a meta-basalt |
Crystallography of Kaersutite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.89 Å, b = 18.06 Å, c = 5.31 Å
β = 105.41°
β = 105.41°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.548 : 1 : 0.294
Unit Cell V:
914.34 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Simple or multiple twinning parallel to {100}
Crystallographic forms of Kaersutite
Crystal Atlas:
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Kaersutite - {010}, {110}, {011}, modified
Kaersutite - {011}, {010}, {110}, modified
Kaersutite - {110}, {010}, {011}, modified
Kaersutite - Contact twin on {100}
Kaersutite - {110}, {010}, {011}, modified
Kaersutite - Prismatic [001], with epitaxial augite
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005060 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 0.0001 | 293 | |
| 0005061 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 0.26 | 293 | |
| 0005062 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 2.85 | 293 | |
| 0005063 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 3.74 | 293 | |
| 0005064 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 4.31 | 293 | |
| 0005065 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 4.84 | 293 | |
| 0005066 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of the Massif Central, France | 6.35 | 293 | |
| 0005067 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of Deadman Lake Volcanic Area, USA | 0.0001 | 293 | |
| 0005068 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of Deadman Lake Volcanic Area, USA | 0.67 | 293 | |
| 0005069 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of Deadman Lake Volcanic Area, USA | 3.65 | 293 | |
| 0005070 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of Deadman Lake Volcanic Area, USA | 4.54 | 293 | |
| 0005071 | Kaersutite | Comopdi P, Boffa Ballaran T, Zanazzi P F, Capalbo C, Zanetti A, Nazzareni S (2010) The effect of oxo-component on the high-pressure behavior of amphiboles American Mineralogist 95 1042-1051 | 2010 | an alkaline basalt of Deadman Lake Volcanic Area, USA | 5.42 | 293 | |
| 0006773 | Kaersutite | Tiepolo M, Zanetti A, Oberti R (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of Ti partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite European Journal of Mineralogy 11 345-354 | 1999 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006774 | Kaersutite | Tiepolo M, Zanetti A, Oberti R (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of Ti4+ partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite European Journal of Mineralogy 11 345-354 | 1999 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006775 | Kaersutite | Tiepolo M, Zanetti A, Oberti R (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of Ti4+ partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite European Journal of Mineralogy 11 345-354 | 1999 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0006776 | Kaersutite | Tiepolo M, Zanetti A, Oberti R (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of Ti4+ partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite European Journal of Mineralogy 11 345-354 | 1999 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.693 Å | (100) |
| 3.11 Å | (80) |
| 8.38 Å | (65) |
| 3.36 Å | (65) |
| 2.548 Å | (65) |
| 2.589 Å | (55) |
| 1.439 Å | (55) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
| 5 : Primary asteroid phases | 4.566–4.560 |
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 8 : Mafic igneous rocks | |
| 9 : Lava/xenolith minerals (hornfels, sanidinite facies) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| 37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) |
Type Occurrence of Kaersutite
Synonyms of Kaersutite
Sodic amphibole (in part)
Other Language Names for Kaersutite
Varieties of Kaersutite
| Linosite | A ferri-kaersutite or ferrian oxy-kaersutite |
Relationship of Kaersutite to other Species
Other Members of Kaersutite Root Name Group:
| Ferri-kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Ferro-kaersutite | NaCa2{Fe2+3AlTi}(Si6Al2O22)O2 | Mon. |
| Potassic-ferri-kaersutite | KCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2)O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 7 photos of Kaersutite associated with Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| 6 photos of Kaersutite associated with Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 4 photos of Kaersutite associated with Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 3 photos of Kaersutite associated with Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| 3 photos of Kaersutite associated with Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| 2 photos of Kaersutite associated with Palagonite | |
| 2 photos of Kaersutite associated with Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| 2 photos of Kaersutite associated with Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| 1 photo of Kaersutite associated with Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| 1 photo of Kaersutite associated with Rhönite | Ca4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36] |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DE. | Shojiite | Na(NaMg)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Clino-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Mangani-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Mn3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name Group | ◻{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | Pb2+Ca2(Mg3Fe3+2)(Si6Be2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Clino-ferro-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ◻{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-actinolite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-pargasite | (Na)(Ca2)(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | KCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Hastingsite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Unnamed (F-dominant analogue of Ferri-kaersutite) | (Na,K)Ca2[Mg3(Fe3+,Fe2+)Ti](Si6Al2O22)(F,O)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-chloro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Mangani-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | KCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Vanadio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3+4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | NaCa2{Fe2+3AlTi}(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Al]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-taramite | K{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}{Si6Al2}O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Hjalmarite | {Na}(NaMn}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Clinoferroholmquistite | ◻Li2[Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH,F)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-katophorite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Fe3+}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Scandio-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-sodic-fluoro-holmquistite | {Na}{Li2}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3(Al2-xTix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Fe3+2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Unnamed (Possible K-analogue of Ferri-obertiite) | KNa2((Mg,Fe,Na)3Fe3+(Ti,Fe))Si8O22(O,F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-mangani-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn3+4Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | KNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-jeanlouisite | K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | Na(Li2)(Fe2+2Al2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Mn3+Ti4+)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Scandio-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | {Na}{Na2}{Mn2+4Fe3+}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | NaNa2(MgMn3+2Ti4+Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-leakeite | NaNa2(Fe2+2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-leakeite | KNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiFe2+2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Kaersutite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Kaersutite
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References for Kaersutite
Reference List:
Wilkinson, J. F. G. (1961) Some aspects of the calciferous amphiboles, oxyhornblende, kaersutite and barkevikite. American Mineralogist, 46 (3-4) 340-354
Hawthorne, F. C., Grundy, H. D. (1973) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles II Refinement of the crystal structure of oxy-kaersutite. Mineralogical Magazine, 39 (304). 390-400 doi:10.1180/minmag.1973.039.304.02
Kitamura, Masao, Tokonami, Masayasu, Morimoto, Nobuo (1975) Distribution of titanium atoms in oxy-kaersutite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 51 (3) 167-172 doi:10.1007/bf00372077
Garcia, Michael O., Muenow, David W., Liu, Norman W. K. (1980) Volatiles in Ti-rich amphibole megacrysts, southwest USA. American Mineralogist, 65 (3-4) 306-312
Jirák, Z., Pechar, F., Vratislav, S. (1986) Distribution of Cations and the Proton Location in Kaersutite. Crystal Research and Technology, 21 (12). 1517-1519 doi:10.1002/crat.2170211207
Dyar, M. Darby, Mackwell, Stephen., Mcguire, Anne V., Cross, Laura R., Robertson, J. David (1993) Crystal chemistry of Fe3+ and H+ in mantle kaersutite: Implications for mantle metasomatism. American Mineralogist, 78 (9-10) 968-979
Popp, Robert K., Virgo, David, Phillips, Michael W. (1995) H deficiency in kaersutitic amphiboles; experimental verification. American Mineralogist, 80 (11) 1347-1350 doi:10.2138/am-1995-11-1226
Tiepolo, Massimo, Zanetti, Alberto, Oberti, Roberta (1999) Detection, crystal-chemical mechanisms and petrological implications of [6]Ti4+ partitioning in pargasite and kaersutite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 11 (2) 345-354 doi:10.1127/ejm/11/2/0345
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1) 1-21 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.1
Hawthorne, F. C., Oberti, R., Harlow, G. E., Maresch, W. V., Martin, R. F., Schumacher, J. C., Welch, M. D. (2012) Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup. American Mineralogist, 97 (11) 2031-2048 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4276
Sharkov, E. V., Prokofiev, V. Yu., Chistyakov, A. V., Bogina, M. M., Gornostaeva, T. A. (2022) Megacrysts of “Bubbly” Kaersutite in Neogene–Quaternary Volcanic Rocks of Northwestern Syria: Evidence for Crystallization in a Boiling Melt/Fluid. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 16 (3) 221-238 doi:10.1134/s0742046322030046
Localities for Kaersutite
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The Locality List
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- This locality has estimated coordinates.
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(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
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All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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Østerfjeld, Qaarsut, Nuussuaq Peninsula, Avannaata, Greenland