Hastingsite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Hastingsite
Coat of Arms of Hastings County, Ontario, Canada
Formula:
NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Colour:
black, dark-green, greenish-brown, yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.35 - 3.5
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1896 by Frank Dawson Adams and Bernard James Harrington for the type locality in Dungannon Township, Hastings County, Ontario, Canada.
The hastingsite-group minerals are defined with 0.5 < A(Na+K+2Ca)<1.5 where Na or K is dominant and with the C position occupied by Mg or Fe2+ as dominant divalent ions and 0.5 < C(Al+Fe3+ +Cr+2Ti) < 1.5 where Fe3+ is dominant. W may contain (OH),F or Cl.
Hastingsite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe dominant divalent ion
W position: (OH) dominant
Chemically similar to ferri-winchite.
Hastingsite is defined with:
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe dominant divalent ion
W position: (OH) dominant
Chemically similar to ferri-winchite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1824
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1824:7
IMA Classification of Hastingsite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1896
Classification of Hastingsite
9.DE.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
16.24.11
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
24 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Mg, Ca and alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
24 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Mg, Ca and alkalis
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Hst | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Hst | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Hs | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Hst | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Hs | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Hastingsite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Black, dark-green, greenish-brown, yellow
Streak:
Greenish grey
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {110}
on {110}
Density:
3.35 - 3.5 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.42 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hastingsite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.669 - 1.68 nβ = 1.682 - 1.695 nγ = 1.684 - 1.705
2V:
Measured: 40° to 81°, Calculated: 42° to 76°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015 - 0.025
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v distinct
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = yellow, greenish brown, yellowish green; Y = deep
greenish blue, brownish green, very dark olive-green; Z = deep olive-green, smoky blue-green, very dark green
greenish blue, brownish green, very dark olive-green; Z = deep olive-green, smoky blue-green, very dark green
Chemistry of Hastingsite
Mindat Formula:
NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Mn,K,F,P
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 37.51 % | 43.12 % | 39.57 % | 38.86 % | 38.98 % | 40.29 % | 38.1 % | 41.31 % | 41.89 % |
| TiO2 | 0.93 % | 2.72 % | 3.19 % | 3.02 % | 2.48 % | 0.02 % | 0.49 % | 0.50 % | |
| Al2O3 | 13.01 % | 12.17 % | 9.33 % | 12.41 % | 10.62 % | 9 % | 9.21 % | 11.51 % | 11.15 % |
| MnO | 1.71 % | 1.09 % | 0.5 % | 0.86 % | 0.76 % | 0.372 % | 0.49 % | 0.42 % | |
| FeO | 25.13 % | 15.28 % | 24.15 % | 23.74 % | 24.28 % | 26.79 % | 33.1 % | 21.81 % | 21.68 % |
| MgO | 3.49 % | 11.21 % | 4.88 % | 4.51 % | 5.12 % | 4.15 % | 1.20 % | 8.25 % | 8.37 % |
| CaO | 8.17 % | 9.55 % | 10.33 % | 9.8 % | 10.62 % | 10.49 % | 9.28 % | 10.92 % | 11.38 % |
| Na2O | 3.75 % | 5.52 % | 2.95 % | 2.89 % | 3.02 % | 2.09 % | 2.29 % | 1.93 % | 1.95 % |
| K2O | 2.22 % | 1.50 % | 2.34 % | 1.46 % | 1.5 % | 2.99 % | 1.59 % | 1.61 % | |
| F | 0.29 % | 0.060 % | |||||||
| Cl | 0.04 % | 0.01 % | |||||||
| ZrO2 | 0.18 % | 0.02 % | |||||||
| Cr2O3 | |||||||||
| Total: | 96.25 % | 96.85 % | 96.7 % | 98.24 % | 97.98 % | 97.55 % | 96.652 % | 98.3 % | 98.95 % |
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 7 | (K0.63 Na0.37) 1.00 (Na0.36Ca1.64) 2.00 (Fe2+3.58Mg0.29Fe3+1.00Mn0.05Al0.08) 5.00(Si6.29 Al1.71) 8.00 O22[ (OH) 1.98 Cl0.02] 2.00 |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Serra do Felíssimo, Itarantim, Bahia, Brazil | Sample from nepheline syenite batolith. | |
| 2 | Jianchang, Donghai Co., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China | Sample from symplectite in a kyanite-eclogite | |
| 3 | Motzfeldt Centre, Igaliku Complex, Kujalleq, Greenland | Sample from a alkali-poor syenite | |
| 4 | Elchuru Complex, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India | Sample from nepheline syenite | |
| 5 | Marinkas Kwela, Karasburg West, ǁKaras Region, Namibia | Sample from a larvikite/pulaskite | |
| 6 | Red Hill, Moultonborough, Carroll County, New Hampshire, USA | Sample from a silica saturated syenite | |
| 7 | Ilímaussaq complex, Kujalleq, Greenland | The sample was collected from ilvaite bearing endoskarns formed by late-magmatic to hydrothermal veins on the south coast of the Tunulliarfik fjord. Mineral compositions were analyzed using a JEOL 8900 electron microprobe | |
| 8 | Roadcut Rv 5, Kvineset, Førde, Sunnfjord, Vestland, Norway | Analysis of a matrix amphibole from an amphibolite facies retrograded eclogite. EPMA analysis | |
| 9 | " " | Analysis of an amphibole in a symplectite in amphibolite facies retrograded eclogite. EPMA analysis |
Crystallography of Hastingsite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.8659(4) Å, b = 18.0139(8) Å, c = 5.3545(2) Å
β = 105.082(1)°
β = 105.082(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.548 : 1 : 0.297
Unit Cell V:
918.84 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic crystals, to 4 cm
Twinning:
Simple or multiple twinning common parallel to {100}
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001269 | Hastingsite | Makino K, Tomita K (1989) Cation distribution in the octahedral sites of hornblendes sample O-H from Obira, Japan American Mineralogist 74 1097-1105 |  | 1989 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014502 | Hastingsite | Makino K, Tomita K, Suwa K (1993) Effect of chlorine on the crystal structure of a chlorine-rich hastingsite Mineralogical Magazine 57 677-685 | | 1993 | West Ongul, East Antarctica | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.43 Å | (100) |
| 3.13 Å | (70) |
| 2.706 Å | (60) |
| 3.39 Å | (50) |
| 3.28 Å | (50) |
| 2.594 Å | (50) |
| 2.559 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 8 : Mafic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust | >4.4-3.0 |
| 19 : Granitic intrusive rocks | |
| 20 : Acidic volcanic rocks | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 34 : Complex granite pegmatites | |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| 37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) |
Geological Setting:
Occurs in nepheline syenites and granites; in schists, gneisses, tactites, and amphibolites.
Type Occurrence of Hastingsite
Synonyms of Hastingsite
Other Language Names for Hastingsite
Varieties of Hastingsite
| Alkali-femaghastingsite | Variety of Hastingsite. A sodian potassian magnesian Hastingsite |
| Alkali-ferrohastingsite | Variety of Hastingsite. A sodian potassian Hastingsite |
| Chlorian Hastingsite | |
| Femaghastingsite | A Mg-bearing hastingsite. |
Relationship of Hastingsite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Hastingsite Root Name Group:
| Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | KCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 21 photos of Hastingsite associated with Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 19 photos of Hastingsite associated with Anomalite | |
| 14 photos of Hastingsite associated with Spessartine | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 12 photos of Hastingsite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 9 photos of Hastingsite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 4 photos of Hastingsite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 3 photos of Hastingsite associated with Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Hastingsite associated with Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| 3 photos of Hastingsite associated with Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| 3 photos of Hastingsite associated with Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DE. | Shojiite | Na(NaMg)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Clino-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE. | Mangani-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Mn3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name Group | ◻{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | Pb2+Ca2(Mg3Fe3+2)(Si6Be2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Clino-ferro-suenoite | ◻{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ◻{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)[(Si7Al)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-cannilloite | CaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-actinolite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-fluoro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | CaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si5Al3O22)OH2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ◻Ca2Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ◻{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-pargasite | (Na)(Ca2)(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | KCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Unnamed (F-dominant analogue of Ferri-kaersutite) | (Na,K)Ca2[Mg3(Fe3+,Fe2+)Ti](Si6Al2O22)(F,O)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-chloro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Al2Si6O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | KCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Mangani-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Mn3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)Cl2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-edenite | NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite | NaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-hastingsite | KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-hastingsite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | KCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Vanadio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3+4V)(Al2Si6)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | NaCa2{Fe2+3AlTi}(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Cr)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Al]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-taramite | K{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}{Si6Al2}O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ◻[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Hjalmarite | {Na}(NaMn}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Clinoferroholmquistite | ◻Li2[Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH,F)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-katophorite | K(CaNa)(Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-katophorite | Na(CaNa)(Mg4Fe3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-katophorite | {K}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Fe3+}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ◻[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ◻(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-fluoro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-ferri-taramite | K(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Scandio-winchite | ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ◻{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-sodic-fluoro-holmquistite | {Na}{Li2}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-pargasite | NaCa2(Mg3(Al2-xTix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Fe3+2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Unnamed (Possible K-analogue of Ferri-obertiite) | KNa2((Mg,Fe,Na)3Fe3+(Ti,Fe))Si8O22(O,F)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Oxo-mangani-leakeite | NaNa2(Mn3+4Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | KNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-jeanlouisite | K(NaCa)(Mg4Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | Na(Li2)(Fe2+2Al2Li)[Si8O22]F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | NaNa2(Mg3Mn3+Ti4+)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Scandio-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Sc)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | {Na}{Na2}{Mn2+4Fe3+}Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al}Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | NaNa2(MgMn3+2Ti4+Li)Si8O22O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-leakeite | NaNa2(Fe2+2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-leakeite | KNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(LiFe2+2Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-nybøite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Al2)(AlSi7)O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferri-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)F2 |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-fluoro-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Si8O22)F2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Hastingsite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Hastingsite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1824.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Hastingsite
Reference List:
Borley, G., Frost, M. T. (1963) Some Observations on Igneous Ferrohastingsites. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (263) 646-662 doi:10.1180/minmag.1963.033.263.03
Hawthorne, F. C., Grundy, H. D. (1977) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles. III: Refinement of the crystal structure of a sub-silicic hastingsite. Mineralogical Magazine, 41 (317) 43-50 doi:10.1180/minmag.1977.041.317.07
Ishida, K. (2006) Assignment of infrared OH-stretching bands in calcic amphiboles through deuteration and heat treatment. American Mineralogist, 91 (5) 871-879 doi:10.2138/am.2006.1774
Localities for Hastingsite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| L. Latouche : "L'orthoferrosilite et les roches associées de la région des Gour Oumeladen (N.E. Ahaggar, Algérie) |
Angola | |
| Andrade (note preliminaire) +1 other reference |
| Eur. J. Mineral. +7 other references |
Antarctica | |
| B.A. Worley (1995) |
| LeMasurier et al. (1982) +3 other references |
Argentina | |
| Pagano et al. (2016) +2 other references |
| |
Armenia | |
| Kogarko et al. (1995) |
Australia | |
| Eggleton +3 other references |
| Seccombe et al. (1998) |
| |
| Ransom (1978) |
| [var: Alkali-ferrohastingsite] Barraclough (1979) | |
| Cave et al. (2024) |
| Ryan Eagle specimen | |
| Mazdab (2003) |
| [var: Alkali-ferrohastingsite] de Keyser (1966) |
| Edraki et al. (2025) |
| Wang et al. (2024) |
| Mount Woods Inlier et al. (Honors thesis) +1 other reference |
| G.S. Teale and A.M. Brewer (2003) |
| www.homestead.com (n.d.) +2 other references |
| Everard et al. (2004) |
| Taheri |
| Mathew Latham specimen and photo in: Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Melluso et al. (2014) |
| www.crocoite.com (2001) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Kitto |
Austria | |
| Knobloch et al. (2021) |
| Seemann (1986) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Putiš et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Soares et al. (2025) |
| Horbe et al. (1991) |
| Some Contributions to Understand Its ... +2 other references |
| Conceicao |
| Conceicao et al. (2009) | |
| Lobata & Fyfe (1995) +1 other reference | |
| Mesquita et al. (2017) |
| Souza et al. (2024) |
| Faraco +2 other references |
| Campo Rodriguez et al. (2024) |
| Monteiro et al. (2008) |
| Monteiro et al. (2008) | |
| Craveiro et al. (2019) |
| NetunoVillas et al. (2001) +2 other references |
| Dreher et al. (2008) |
| Souza Neto et al. (2008) |
| Rosa et al. (2018) |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ... |
| de Barros Gomes et al. (2017) |
| Rojas et al. (2016) |
Bulgaria | |
| Svetoslav Petrussenko et al. (2007) |
Cameroon | |
| Cesbron et al. (1988) |
Canada | |
| Pell (1994) |
| Dai (1995) |
| Acosta-Góngora et al. (2015) | |
| McCormick et al. (1999) |
| Hawley et al. (1962) |
| Richard Gunter specimen and photo |
| ADAMS et al. (1896) +2 other references |
| McLemore (2006) |
| Ontario Ministry of Northern ... +1 other reference |
| Currie (1980) |
| Pan et al. (1992) |
| WOUSSEN et al. (1972) |
| DRESSER (1902) |
| Martin +1 other reference |
| Grant (1952) |
| Traill (1970) |
| RRUFF Project R070124 |
| Geol | |
| L. A. Dick and G. W. Robinson (1979) |
Chad | |
| Olivier et al. (2021) |
China | |
| Chen et al. (2023) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) |
| Yi et al. (2024) | |
| Jiang (2005) |
| Guanxiang Song (1991) +1 other reference |
| Baode Wang (1991) +1 other reference |
| Li et al. (2022) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) |
| Wang et al. (2018) |
| Hongquan She et al. (2006) |
| Hirajima et al. (1992) |
| Matsuda (1969) |
| Hui et al. (2025) |
| Miao Yu et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Jiannan Liu et al. (2013) | |
| Shengchao Ma et al. (2013) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) |
| Qiuyue Huang and Yongfeng Zhu (2012) |
| Baiyou Chen et al. (2002) |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003) | |
Czech Republic | |
| Filip et al. (2006) |
| Pauliš +5 other references | |
| Novák et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Zimák (2008) |
| Adam Bartnik specimen |
| Gadas et al. (2014) | |
Egypt | |
| Frisch et al. (1999) |
Ethiopia | |
| Black et al. (1972) |
Finland | |
| Ahven (2012) |
| |
France | |
| F. André and J. Béhien |
| F. André and J. Béhien | |
| Chauris et al. (1965) |
| Azambre et al. (1992) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
| Guitard (2010) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Martin et al. (2023) |
| Meyer et al. (2025) |
Ghana | |
| Allen et al. (1968) +4 other references |
Greenland | |
| Bradshaw (1988) +1 other reference |
| Coulson (2003) | |
| Petersen et al. (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Parsons (1979) |
| Upton et al. (1985) |
| Brooks et al. (1982) |
| Stephenson et al. (1982) |
| Woolley (1987) | |
Guinea | |
| Gerasimovskii et al. (Guinea) +8 other references |
| a magmatic marker of the evolution of the Central and Equatorial Atlantic. The Canadian Mineralogist (2) +1 other reference | |
India | |
| DHZ +1 other reference |
| Upadhyay et al. (2006) |
| D. C. Kamineni (1986) |
| Sukheswala et al. (1971) +4 other references |
| Dessai et al. (1990) |
| Sheikh et al. (2015) |
| Chowdhury (2007) +1 other reference |
| Baidya et al. (2018) |
| Rout et al. (2022) | |
| Baidya et al. (2018) |
| Ramanathan et al. (1982) |
| Randive et al. (2020) |
Indonesia | |
| Handoko et al. (2025) |
Iraq | |
| JASSIM et al. (1982) +1 other reference | |
Italy | |
| Hawkesworth et al. (1979) +6 other references |
| Federico et al. (2002) |
| Locality description |
| Maggie Wilson |
| N. Calanchi et al. (1976) | |
| N. Calanchi et al. (1976) | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
Japan | |
| Matsumoto (1968) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
| Petrov (n.d.) | |
| Masutomi Museum specimens |
| Matsueda (1981) |
| Shimazaki (1982) |
| Ohashi (1980) +2 other references |
Kazakhstan | |
| Kogarko et al. (1995) |
| |
| |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| |
Madagascar | |
| Lacroix (1922) +1 other reference |
| Behier (1963) |
| Lacroix (1922) |
Malawi | |
| Garson (1960) +8 other references |
Mali | |
| Liégeois et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Fabre et al. (1982) +2 other references |
| J.F. Sauvage (pers. comm. 1985) +1 other reference | |
| Liégeois et al. (1991) | |
Mauritania | |
| Gevin (1:200000) +3 other references |
Morocco | |
| Cherotzky +6 other references |
Namibia | |
| Mathias (1956) +8 other references |
| Woolley (2001) | |
| Simpson +11 other references | |
| Drüppel et al. (2004) |
| Bernasconi (1981) +2 other references |
| Marsh (1976) |
New Zealand | |
| Grapes (1975) |
| Cooper (2020) |
Niger | |
| Karche et al. (1977) +3 other references |
| Black +5 other references | |
| Black +2 other references | |
| Woolley (2001) |
| Black +8 other references | |
| consequences. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France (6) +4 other references |
| [var: Alkali-ferrohastingsite] J. Fabriès and G. Rocci (1965) | |
Norway | |
| Berg (1999) |
| Larsen (1995) +1 other reference |
| Cadow (1993) |
| Zozulya et al. (2018) |
| Michalsen (2010) | |
| Sturt et al. (1967) +6 other references | |
| Sturt (1961) +23 other references | |
| Larsen (1998) |
| Larsen (1995) +1 other reference | |
| Larsen (1995) +1 other reference |
| Larsen (1995) +1 other reference | |
| Larsen (1995) +2 other references |
| Larsen (1995) +2 other references | |
| Larsen (1995) +1 other reference | |
| Berge et al. (2002) |
| Piilonen et al. (2013) |
| Green et al. (1972) |
| Krogh (1980) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2025) | |
Paraguay | |
| DHZ |
Philippines | |
| Knittel (1983) +3 other references |
| Albrecht et al. (1990) | |
Poland | |
| Gil et al. (2019) |
| Domańska-Siuda et al. (2022) |
Portugal | |
| Czygan +8 other references |
| Nunes (n.d.) |
| Collected by Rui Nunes in several ... |
Romania | |
| Bonin et al. (2016) |
| Pál Molnár (2000) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Dumańska-Słowik et al. (2022) |
| Doroshkevich et al. (2012) |
| Doroshkevich et al. (2010) |
| Vladykin et al. (2017) |
| Кориневский et al. (2006) |
| Pekov (1998) +1 other reference | |
| Gramenitskiy et al. (2019) |
| Zhmodik et al. (2016) |
| Lennikov et al. (2004) |
| Kolotilina et al. (2024) |
| alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) |
| Barkov et al. (2021) +1 other reference |
| Spiridonov et al. (2016) | |
| Ryabov et al. (2013) |
| Chakhmouradian et al. (2002) |
| Arzamastsev et al. (2006) | |
| Konopleva et al. (2008) |
| A. N. Korobeinikov et al. (1998) |
| Kogarko et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Ivanyuk et al. (2017) |
| ... | |
| Zozulya et al. (2022) |
| ... +2 other references |
| V.A. Gorelov (1997) |
| Ivashchenko et al. (2018, June) |
| Коневин et al. (2020) |
| Коневин et al. (2020) | |
| [World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Doroshkevich et al. (2022) | |
| Rezvukhin +3 other references |
| Trunilina et al. (2022) |
| Trunilina et al. (2022) | |
| Trunilina et al. (2024) |
| Stepanov et al. (2023) |
| |
| webmineral.ru (2020) |
| Kapustin et al. (1965) | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | |
| Heath et al. (1998) |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Kemp et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Sable et al. (with Explanatory notes) |
Slovakia | |
| Ďuďa |
| Ozdín D. & Rojkovič I. |
South Africa | |
| Paul Meulenbeld collection Photo ID: ... |
| S.M.C. Verryn et al (1991) |
South America Plate | |
| Lima et al. (2024) |
| Lima et al. (2024) | |
| Lima et al. (2024) | |
| Lima et al. (2024) | |
| Lima et al. (2024) | |
| Lima et al. (2024) |
South Korea | |
| Atsuo Harumoto (1970) |
Spain | |
| Arcos et al. (1996) |
| Casillas et al. (2024) |
| Caballero (1993) |
| Calvo (2018) |
| Aparicio et al. (western Mediterranean) +2 other references |
Sweden | |
| Wilke (1976) |
| BGIU 12 +4 other references |
| Sandström et al. (2010) |
Switzerland | |
| van der Plas et al. (1961) |
Tajikistan | |
| www.koeln.netsurf.de (1999) |
Tanzania | |
| Mitchell et al. (2022) |
Turkey | |
| Sarıfakıoğlu et al. (2009) |
| Boztuğ +1 other reference |
| Boztuğ +2 other references | |
| ALPASLAN et al. (1997) |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| BMS Collection |
| an example from the British Tertiary Igneous Province. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh (4) +4 other references |
| Smith et al. (2002) |
| |
Ukraine | |
| Pekov I.V. et al. (Priazovie) |
| Esipchuk K. (2001) |
| Kogarko et al. (1995) | |
| Shumlyanskyy et al. (2021) |
USA | |
| Illig (2015) |
| Alaska Geological Survey Public-data F ... |
| Compton (1958) +2 other references |
| Gray et al. (1968) +2 other references |
| Larsen et al. (1948) +2 other references |
| Allen et al. (1955) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Larsen (1942) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Schooner (circa 1980s) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Geological Society of America et al. (1947) |
| |
| Kermit Smyth | |
| [var: Alkali-ferrohastingsite] rruff.geo.arizona.edu (n.d.) |
| AmMin 57:1404-1412 (1972) | |
| Lyons (1976) | |
| Palache (1950) |
| American Mineralogist 27:229 |
| Kleinhampl et al. (1984) |
| Smith (2005) |
| Meyers et al. (1956) |
| Hoag et al. (1977) |
| ... |
| Meyers et al. (1956) |
| Morrill |
| |
| Gorring et al. (2024) |
| Dunn (1995) |
| Dunn (1995) |
| Craig et al. (2024) +1 other reference | |
| Pete Dunn Franklin & Sterling Hill NJ ... | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Robinson et al. (2007) |
| Yale Peabody Museum |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) |
| New York State Museum specimens |
| Rhein Collection |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) |
| Smithsonian Institution Mineral ... | |
| Stoddard et al. (1992) |
| Stoddard et al. (1992) |
| Wolff (1929) |
| Perkins Geology Museum at the University of Vermont (as "hudsonite") |
| Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Cannon (1975) |
| [var: Alkali-ferrohastingsite] American Mineralogist |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cordua (1998) |
| Cordua (1998) |
| Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193. | |
Vietnam | |
| Ishihara et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
| Chi |
Zambia | |
| MacIntyre (2019) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Henderson et al. (1972) |
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Franklin Mine, Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA