Tivanite
A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
V3+TiO3(OH)
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
4.17 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
The name reflects its composition: titanium (Ti) and vanadium (Van).
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
This page provides mineralogical data about Tivanite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3981
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3981:5
IMA Classification of Tivanite
Approved
IMA Formula:
TiV3+O3(OH)
Approval year:
1980
First published:
1981
Classification of Tivanite
4.DB.45
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
6.2.8.1
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
7.12.16
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tiv | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Tivanite
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN50=650(100) kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
4.17 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Tivanite
Type:
Biaxial
Anisotropism:
Weak to moderate, in shades of gray
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) |
|---|---|
| 470nm | 16.8% |
| 546nm | 17.4% |
| 589nm | 17.7% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 17.7%.
Colour in reflected light:
Gray
Internal Reflections:
None
Pleochroism:
Not Visible
Chemistry of Tivanite
Mindat Formula:
V3+TiO3(OH)
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Tivanite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.494(5) Å, b = 4.552(4) Å, c = 10.005(8) Å
β = 129.79(2)°
β = 129.79(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.646 : 1 : 2.198
Unit Cell V:
262.25 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Twinning:
Twinning by reticular pseudomerohedry is expected.
Four complex twin laws determined from structural analysis, enhancing the pseudohexagonality.
Four complex twin laws determined from structural analysis, enhancing the pseudohexagonality.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000845 | Tivanite | Grey I E, Nickel E H (1981) Tivanite, a new oxyhydroxide mineral from Western Australia, and its structural relationship to rutile and diaspore American Mineralogist 66 866-871 |  | 1981 | Lake View mine, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.880 Å | (100) |
| 2.795 Å | (94) |
| 2.636 Å | (69) |
| 1.693 Å | (31) |
| 1.683 Å | (30) |
| 3.917 Å | (25) |
| 2.535 Å | (24) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] | |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Tivanite
General Appearance of Type Material:
A single grain measuring 300x90 µm, with an irregular outline and numerous minute quartz inclusions and veins. The grain consists of many small irregular crystallites (5-30 µm) occurring in twin relationships.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
CSIRO Division of Mineralogy, Floreat Park, Western Australia.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Tivanite
Other Language Names for Tivanite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.DB. | Nioboheftetjernite | ScNbO4 |
| 4.DB. | Nioboixiolite-(Mn2+) | (Nb0.67Mn2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB. | Shakhdaraite-(Y) | ScYNb2O8 |
| 4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | Sn1-xFexO2-x(OH) |
| 4.DB.05 | Argutite | GeO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Rutile | TiO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 |
| 4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tredouxite | NiSb2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 |
| 4.DB.15c | Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| 4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 |
| 4.DB.20 | Nioboixiolite-([]) | (Nb0.8◻0.2)4+O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,U4+)Fe3+(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | YbFe3+(Nb,Ta)2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite-(Fe2+) | (Ta0.67Fe2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite-(Mn2+) | (Ta0.67Mn2+0.33)O2 |
| 4.DB.25 | Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| 4.DB.25 | Nioboixiolite-(Fe3+) | (Nb0.5Fe3+0.5)O2 |
| 4.DB.30 va | Wolframite Group | |
| 4.DB.30 | Rossovskyite | (Fe3+,Ta)(Nb,Ti)O4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 |
| 4.DB.30 | Krasnoselskite | CoWO4 |
| 4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalaeschynite-(Ce) | Ce(TiTa)O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | Fe2+Ta2O6 |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Wolframowodginite | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Tantalowodginite | (Mn2+0.5◻0.5)TaTa2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 |
| 4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] |
| 4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 |
| 4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Tivanite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3981.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Tivanite
Localities for Tivanite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL) | |
| Grey et al. (1981) |
Brazil | |
| Daneu et al. (2007) |
Finland | |
| Kompanchenko et al. (2018) |
Russia | |
| Kozlov et al. (n.d.) |
| Minerals 2018 (11) +2 other references |
USA | |
| Barton et al. (2018) |
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