| | 神異經: |
東方荒外有豫章焉，樹主九州。其高千丈，圍百丈，本上三百丈，本如有條枝，敷張如帳，上有玄狐黑猿。枝主一州，南北并列，面向西南。有九力士操斧伐之，以占九州吉凶。斫復，其州有福；遲者州伯有病；積歲不復者，其州滅亡。 |
| | Beyond the eastern frontier lies Yuzhang , a tree that presides over the Nine Provinces. Its height is one thousand zhang, its girth a hundred zhang; the trunk extends upward for three hundred zhang. The base resembles a single branch, spreading out like a canopy, with black foxes and black macaques above it. Each branch presides over one province; they are arranged side by side from north to south, facing southwest. Nine strong men wield axes to cut it, using the tree to divine the auspiciousness or inauspiciousness of the Nine Provinces. If a branch is cut and regrows, that province will have good fortune; if it grows slowly, the governor of that province will fall ill; If after many years it does not regrow, the province will perish .
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| | 神異經: |
東方有桑樹焉，高八十丈，敷張自輔。其葉長一丈，廣六七尺。其上自有蠶，作繭長三尺，繰一繭，得絲一斤。有椹焉，長三尺五寸，圍如長。 |
| | To the east there is a mulberry tree, eighty zhang high, spreading out to support itself. Its leaves are one zhang long and six or seven chi wide. Silkworms naturally dwell upon it, spinning cocoons three chi long; one cocoon yields a jin of silk. There are mulberries there, each three chi and five cun long, with a girth equal to their length .
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| | 神異經: |
荒外有火山，其中生不晝之木，晝夜火燃，得暴風不猛，猛雨不滅。 |
| | Beyond the frontier there is a fire mountain, where trees that do not know day grow; they burn with fire day and night. Even violent winds cannot extinguish them fiercely, nor can heavy rains put them out.
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| | 神異經: |
南方大荒之中有樹焉，名曰柤、稼、𣘗。柤，柤梨也；稼，株稼也；𣘗，親𣘗也。三千歲作花，九千歲作實。其花蕊紫色，其實赤色，其高百丈，或千丈也。敷張自輔，東西南北方。枝各近五十丈，葉長七尺，廣四尺，色如綠青，禾皮如桂，樹理如甘草，味飴，實長九尺，圍如長，無瓤核，竹刀割之如酥，得食復見實即滅矣。言復見後實熟者，壽一萬二千歲。 |
| | In the great wilderness of the south there is a tree named Zha, Jia, and Mei. Zha refers to the zha pear; Jia means a cluster of crops; Mei refers to close relatives. It bears flowers after three thousand years, and fruit after nine thousand years. Its stamens are purple in color, its fruits red; the tree is a hundred zhang tall, or even a thousand zhang. It spreads out to support itself toward the east, west, south, and north. Each branch is nearly fifty zhang long; its leaves are seven chi in length and four chi wide, with a color like greenish blue. Its bark resembles that of cinnamon, the grain pattern of licorice, and a sweetness like honey. The fruit is nine chi long, with a girth matching its length, having no pith or seeds. Cutting it with a bamboo knife feels as soft as suet; once eaten, if one sees another fruit appear, it will vanish immediately. It is said that those who witness the ripening of a new fruit after eating one may live twelve thousand years.
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| | 神異經: |
南方大荒有樹焉，名曰如何。三百歲作花，九百歲作實。花色朱，其實正黃。高五十丈，敷張如蓋，葉長一丈，廣二尺餘，似菅苧，色青，厚五分，可以絮如厚樸材理如支九子，味如飴，實有核，形如棘子。長五尺，圍如長，金刀剖之則酸，蘆刀剖之則辛。食之者地仙，不畏水火，不畏白刃。 |
| | In the great southern wilderness there is a tree, named Rouhe. It bears flowers after three hundred years and fruit after nine hundred years. The flowers are crimson in color, and its fruits a pure yellow. It is fifty zhang tall, spreading out like an umbrella. Its leaves are one zhang in length and more than two chi wide; they resemble 菅苧 grass, with a green color and a thickness of five fen. They can be used as stuffing. The grain pattern resembles that of thick camphor wood, similar to the pattern of nine sons' branches, and its taste is like honey. Its fruit has a seed, shaped like a thorned berry. It measures five chi in length, with a girth equaling its length; if cut open with a golden knife it is sour, but if cut with a reed knife it becomes pungent. Those who eat it become earthbound immortals, unafraid of water and fire, and fearless before sharp blades . To say "earthbound immortal" means one cannot fly but remains on the ground, accompanying people wherever they go}}.
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| | 神異經: |
東方有樹焉，高百丈，敷張自輔。葉長一丈，廣六七尺，名梨，如今之柤梨，但樹大耳。其子徑三尺，剖之少瓤，白如素，和羹食之，為地仙。衣服不敗，辟穀，可以入水火也。 |
| | In the east there is a tree ninety zhang tall, spreading outward to support itself. Its leaves are one zhang in length, six or seven chi wide; it is called li, like the modern-day zha pear, but only the tree itself is larger. Its fruit has a diameter of three chi; when cut open it contains little pith, white as silk. Eating it with soup makes one an earthbound immortal. One's clothing will not decay, grains can be avoided, and one may enter water or fire without harm.
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| | 神異經: |
東南荒中有邪木焉，高三千丈，或十餘圍，或七八尺。其枝喬直上不可冉阝也。葉如甘瓜，二百歲葉落而生花，花形如甘瓜，復二百歲落盡而生萼，萼下生子，三歲而成熟。成熟之後，不長不減，子形如寒瓜，長七八寸，徑四五寸。萼復覆生頂，此不取，萬世如故。若取子而留萼，萼復生子如初，年月復成熟，復二年則成萼，而復生子。其子形如甘瓤，少𧡴，甘美，食之令人身澤。不可過三升，令人冥醉，半日乃醒。木高，人取不能得，唯木下有多羅之人，緣能得之。一名無葉，世人後生不見葉，故謂之無葉也。一名綺驕。人見無葉，謂之綺驕。 |
| | In the southeastern wilderness there is a yema tree, three thousand zhang tall; its girth may be more than ten chi or about seven to eight chi. Its branches rise straight upward and cannot bend again. Its leaves resemble sweet gourds; after two hundred years the leaves fall and flowers bloom, shaped like sweet gourds. After another two hundred years, all the flowers drop off and calyces form beneath which fruits grow, maturing in three years. After ripening, the fruit neither grows nor diminishes; its shape resembles a winter gourd , measuring seven or eight cun in length and four or five cun in diameter. The calyx again grows on top , and if it is not harvested, it will remain unchanged for ten thousand years. If the fruit is taken but the calyx left behind, it will again produce a new fruit as before. After some years and months it ripens once more; after another two years, a new calyx forms and produces yet another fruit. The fruit's shape resembles sweet pulp, with little pith; it is sweet and delicious, and eating it makes one's body smooth and lustrous. One must not eat more than three sheng of it, for doing so causes a deep drunkenness from which one awakens only after half a day. The tree is tall, and people cannot reach the fruit; only those from the Dluo people living beneath it can climb up to obtain it . It is also called Wuye, because later generations of people do not see its leaves and thus call it "leafless." Another name for it is Qijiao. People, seeing no leaves, call it Qijiao.
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| | 神異經: |
東方有樹，高五十丈，葉長八尺，名曰桃。其子徑三尺二寸，小核味和，和核羹食之，令人益壽。食核中仁，可以治嗽。小桃溫潤，既嗽，人食之即止。 |
| | In the east there is a tree fifty zhang tall with leaves eight chi long; it is called peach. Its fruit has a diameter of thirty-two cun, with small seeds and a harmonious flavor; eating the seeds in soup prolongs one's life. Eating the kernel inside the seed can cure coughing. The small peach is warm and moist; once one has a cough, eating it will immediately stop it.
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| | 神異經: |
北方荒中有棗林焉，其高五十丈，敷張枝條數里餘，疾風不能偃，雷電不能摧。其子長六七寸，圍過其長，熟赤如朱，乾之不縮，氣味潤澤，殊於常棗，食之可以安軀，益於氣力。此棗枝條盛於常棗，亦益氣安軀。赤松子云，北方大棗，味有殊，既可益氣，又安軀。 |
| | In the northern wilderness there is a jujube grove; its trees are fifty zhang tall, with branches and twigs spreading for several li. Even fierce winds cannot bend them down, nor can thunder or lightning break them. Its fruits are six or seven cun long, with a circumference greater than their length. When ripe they turn red as vermilion; when dried, they do not shrink. Their aroma and flavor are moist and lustrous, unlike ordinary jujubes. Eating them can stabilize the body and enhance one's strength. The branches of this jujube tree are more luxuriant than those of ordinary jujubes, also benefiting the breath and stabilizing the body. Chisongzi said: The great jujubes of the north have a unique flavor; they can both enhance one's vital energy and stabilize the body.
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| | 神異經: |
南方荒中有涕竹，長數百丈，圍三丈五六尺，厚八九寸，可以為船。其筍甘美，煮食之可以止創癘。 |
| | In the southern wilderness there are ti bamboo, growing hundreds of zhang tall, with a girth of three zhang and five or six chi, and walls eight to nine cun thick; they can be made into boats. Its bamboo shoots are sweet and delicious; boiling and eating them can stop wounds from festering .
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| | 神異經: |
南方山有邯蔗之林，其高百丈，圍三尺八寸。促節多汁，甜如蜜，咋嚙其汁，令人潤澤，可以節蚘蟲。人腹中蚘蟲，其狀如蚓，此消谷蟲也，多則傷人，少則谷不消，是甘蔗能減多益少，凡蔗亦然。 |
| | In the southern mountains there is a grove of Hanshe sugarcane, growing one hundred zhang tall with a girth of thirty-eight cun. 𝑙 Its nodes are closely spaced and full of juice, as sweet as honey; chewing its sap makes one moist and lustrous. It can expel roundworms from the body. The roundworms in a person's abdomen resemble earthworms; these are the grain-digesting worms. If too many, they harm the body; if too few, grains will not be digested properly. This sugarcane can reduce excess and supplement deficiency—ordinary sugarcane does so as well.
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| | 神異經: |
不晝木火中有鼠，重千斤，毛長二尺余，細如絲。但居火中洞赤，時時出外。而毛白，以水逐而沃之即死。取其毛績紡織以為布，用之若有垢涴，以火燒之則凈也。 |
| | Within the fire of the non-day tree there are mice weighing a thousand jin, with fur more than two chi long and fine as silk. They merely dwell in the red-hot fire, occasionally emerging outside. Their fur is white; if chased and doused with water, they die immediately. Take their fur, spin it into thread, weave it into cloth; if the fabric becomes soiled, simply burn it with fire and it will become clean.
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| | 神異經: |
北方層冰萬里，厚百丈。有磎鼠在水下土中焉，形如鼠，食草木，肉重千斤，可以作脯，食之已熱。其毛八尺，可以為褥，臥之卻寒。其皮可以蒙鼓，聞千里。其毛可以來鼠，此尾所在鼠聚。今江南鼠，食草木為災，此類也。 |
| | To the north there are layers of ice stretching for ten thousand li, a hundred zhang thick. There are Qian shu living in the soil beneath the water; they resemble mice, feed on grass and trees, and their meat weighs a thousand jin. It can be made into dried meat; eating it relieves heat. Their fur is eight chi long and can be woven into rugs; lying on them repels the cold. Their hides can cover drums, whose sound can be heard for a thousand li. Their fur can attract mice; wherever their tails are placed, mice will gather there. The rats of southern China that feed on grass and trees and cause disasters belong to this category.
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| | 神異經: |
西方山中有蛇，頭尾差大，有色五彩。人物觸之者，中頭則尾至，中尾則頭至，中腰則頭尾并至，名曰率然。 |
| | In the western mountains there are snakes with heads and tails of different sizes, displaying five-colored hues. If a person or object touches it, striking the head causes the tail to come; striking the tail brings the head forward. Striking the middle causes both head and tail to arrive together. It is called Luer . This is the meaning of Sunzi's Art of War statement, "the momentum of an army should be like that of Luer."
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| | 神異經: |
北海有大鳥，其高千尺，頭文曰天，胸文曰侯，左翼文曰鷖，右翼文曰勒。頭向東正，海中央捕魚。或時舉翼而飛，其羽相切如風雷也。 |
| | The Northern Sea has a great bird, one thousand chi tall; its head bears the character "tian," its chest the character "hou," its left wing "yi," and its right wing "le." With its head facing due east, it fishes in the center of the sea. Sometimes it spreads its wings and flies; when its feathers brush against each other, they sound like wind and thunder.
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| | 神異經: |
北方荒中有石湖，方千里，岸深五丈余，恒冰，惟夏至左右五六十日解耳。有橫公魚，長七八尺，形如鯉而目赤，晝在湖中，夜化為人，刺之不入，煮之不死。以烏梅二枚煮之則熟，食之可止邪病。其湖無凸凹，平滿無高下。 |
| | In the northern wilderness there is an earthen lake, a thousand li square; its banks are more than five zhang deep and always frozen, melting only for fifty to sixty days around the summer solstice. There is a Henggong fish, seven or eight chi long; its shape resembles that of a carp but with red eyes. It resides in the lake during the day and transforms into a human at night. Blades cannot pierce it, and boiling does not kill it. Cooking it with two black plums will make it edible; eating it can cure strange illnesses. The lake has no bumps or depressions, being perfectly flat and level.
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| | 神異經: |
南方蚊翼下有蜚蟲焉，目明者見之。每生九卵。復未常有孵復成九子。蜚而俱去，蚊遂不知。亦食人及百獸。食者知言蟲小食人不去也。此蟲既細且小，因曰細蠛，陳章對齊桓公小蟲是也。此蟲常春生，以季夏藏于鹿耳中，名嬰媿，亦細小也。 |
| | In the south, under the wings of mosquitoes there are fei insects; those with sharp eyes can see them. Each time it lays nine eggs. Yet they never hatch and become nine offspring. The insects fly away together, and the mosquito remains unaware. They also feed on humans and a hundred kinds of beasts. Those who are bitten know that these tiny insects do not leave their victims. This insect is both fine and small, hence called Ximie; it is the tiny creature mentioned by Chen Zhang in his response to Duke Huan of Qi. This insect commonly emerges in spring and hides in the ears of deer during midsummer, where it is called Yingkui; it too is small.
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| | 神異經: |
八荒之中有毛人焉，長七八尺，皆如人形。身及頭上，皆有毛，如獼猴。毛長尺餘，𣬺𣰿，見人則瞑目，開口吐舌，上唇覆面，下唇覆胸。喜食人。舌鼻牽引共戲，不與即去，名曰髯公，俗曰髯麗。一名髯狎小兒，髯狎，可畏也。 |
| | In the eight frontiers there are hairy people, seven or eight chi tall, all resembling human forms. Their bodies and heads are covered in hair like a macaque. The hair is more than one chi long, thick and coarse; when they see people, they close their eyes, open their mouths, stick out their tongues, with the upper lip covering the face and the lower lip reaching to the chest. They like to eat humans. They play by pulling at each other's tongues and noses; if they are not given what they want, they leave. They are called Rangong, or commonly Ranli. Another name for them is Ranshaxiaoer; "Ranxia" means something to be feared .
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| | 神異經: |
西海之外有鵠國焉，男女皆長七寸，為人自然有禮，好經編跪拜。其人皆壽三百歲。行如飛，日行千里，百物不敢犯之。惟畏海鵠，過輒吞之，亦壽三百歲。此人在鵠腹中不死，而鵠亦一舉千里。 |
| | Beyond the Western Sea there is a country called Huguo, where both men and women are seven cun tall. Naturally courteous in manner, they enjoy reading scriptures and performing kneeling bows. The people all live to be three hundred years old. They walk as fast as flying, covering a thousand li in one day; no creature dares to attack them. Their only fear is the sea crane, which swallows them whenever they pass by; these cranes also live three hundred years. These people do not die inside the crane's belly, and the crane can also fly a thousand li in one leap .
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| | 神異經: |
西北荒中有玉饋之酒，酒泉注焉，廣一丈長，深三丈，酒美如肉，澄清如鏡，上有玉尊玉籩。取一尊，一尊復生焉。與天同休，無乾時。石邊有脯焉，味如獐鹿脯，飲此酒，人不生死。此□間人與天生同，雖男不□婦，故言不生死。 |
| | In the northwest frontier there is a wine called Yukui, flowing from an alcoholic spring. The spring is one zhang wide and three zhang deep; its wine is as delicious as meat, clear as a mirror, with jade cups and jade plates floating on top. Take one cup, and another will immediately take its place. It shares the eternity of heaven; it never dries up. By the rocks there is dried meat, tasting like that of deer or spotted deer; drinking this wine makes people neither die nor be born. The people here are the same as heaven in eternity, though men do not become women, hence it is said they neither die nor are born.
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| | 神異經: |
西荒中有人焉，面目手足皆人形，而脅下有翼，不能飛，名曰苗民。《書》曰：竄三苗于三危，西裔，為人饕餮淫𪵳無禮，故竄于此。 |
| | In the western frontier there are people whose faces, hands, and feet all have human forms, but with wings beneath their armpits that cannot fly; they are called Miaomin. The Book says: "Banish the Sanmiao to Sanwei, in the western borderlands; they were greedy, gluttonous, lustful, and impolite, so they were banished here."
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| | 神異經: |
西北荒中有小人，長一分。其君朱衣玄冠，乘輅車馬，引為威儀。居人遇其乘車，抓而食之，其味辛，終年不為□所咋并識萬物名字。又殺腹中三蟲，三蟲死，便可食仙藥也。 |
| | In the northwest frontier there are small people who are only one fen tall. Their ruler wears a red robe and black cap, rides in a ceremonial carriage drawn by horses, all arranged to display dignity and ceremony. If people living there encounter the carriage, they seize it and eat it; its flavor is pungent, and for a whole year they are not bitten by insects and can recognize the names of all things. Also, it kills three worms in the abdomen; when these three worms die, one can then take immortality pills .
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| | 神異經: |
南有人焉，周行天下。其長七丈，腹圍如其長，朱衣縞帶，以赤蛇繞其項，不飲不食，朝吞惡鬼三千，暮吞三百。此人以鬼為飯，以露為漿，名曰尺郭，一名黃父。 |
| | To the south there are people who travel all over the world. They are seven zhang tall, with a waist circumference equal to their height. They wear red robes and white sashes, and have red snakes coiled around their necks. They neither drink nor eat; in the morning they swallow three thousand evil spirits, and at night another three hundred. These people take ghosts as their food and dew as their drink; they are called Chige, also known as Huangfu.
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| | 神異經: |
西方日宮之外有山焉，其長十余里，廣二三里，高百余丈，皆大黃之金。其色殊美，不雜土石，不生草木，上有金人，高五丈余，皆純金，名曰金犀。入山下一丈有銀，又入一丈有錫，又入一丈有鉛，又入一丈有丹陽銅，似金可鍛，以作錯涂之器也。 |
| | Beyond the western palace of the sun there is a mountain; it is more than ten li long, two or three li wide, and over one hundred zhang high, all made of golden yellow metal. Its color is especially beautiful; it contains no soil or stone, and grows no grass or trees. On top of the mountain there is a golden figure over five zhang tall, entirely made of pure gold, named Jinxi. One zhang below the mountain is silver; another zhang down, tin; another zhang, lead; and yet another zhang deeper still, Danyang copper. This resembles gold but can be forged, used to make inlaid vessels .
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| | 神異經: |
西荒之中有人焉，長短如人，著敗衣，手虎爪，名獏為。伺人獨行，輒食人腦。或舌出盤地丈餘，人先聞聲，燒大石以投其舌，乃氣絕而死，不然食人腦矣。 |
| | In the western frontier there are beings whose height and build resemble humans, wearing tattered clothes, with tiger-like claws on their hands; they are named Ma wei. They lurk when people travel alone, and then eat the person's brain. Sometimes they extend their tongues more than a zhang and several chi across the ground. People who hear the sound first burn large stones to throw at their tongues, which then suffocate them and kill them; otherwise, they would eat human brains.
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| | 神異經: |
南荒之外有火山，晝夜火燃。火中有鼠重百斤，毛長二尺余，細如絲，可以作布。恒居火中，時時出外而白，以水逐而沃之乃死，取其毛緝織以為布。 |
| | Beyond the southern frontier there is a fire mountain that burns day and night. Inside the fire are rats weighing one hundred jin, with fur more than two chi long, fine as silk, which can be made into cloth. They always dwell in the fire; occasionally they emerge outside and appear white. If chased with water and doused, they die, and their fur can be spun and woven into cloth.
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| | 神異經: |
南方之獸如鹿豕頭，善依人求五穀，名無損獸。人割取肉不病，肉自復，其肉惟可作鮓，使審肥美，而咋肉不壞，吞之不入。審盡更澡肉，復作鮓如初，愈美，名不盡鮓是也。 |
| | In the south there is a beast with the head of a deer or wild boar, which skillfully relies on people to seek the five grains; it is called Wusunshou. If people cut and take its meat, it does not fall ill; the flesh regenerates by itself. This meat can only be made into preserved fish paste, which is carefully prepared to be fatty and delicious. Insects do not damage it, and if swallowed, it will not enter the body. If thoroughly cleaned and the meat is used again to make preserved fish paste as before, it becomes even more delicious; this is called Bujin Zha.
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| | 神異經: |
西南荒中出訛獸，其狀若菟，人面能言。常欺人，言東而西，言惡而善。其肉美，食之言不真矣。 |
| | From the southwest frontier emerges the Eshou, which looks like a hare with a human face and can speak. It often deceives people, saying east but meaning west, calling evil good. Its meat is delicious; eating it makes one speak untruthfully.
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| | 神異經: |
東海之外荒海中，有山焦炎而峙，高深莫測，蓋稟至陽之為質也。海水激浪投其上，噏然而盡，計其晝夜嗡攝無極，若熬鼎受其灑汗耳。 |
| | Beyond the eastern sea, in a desolate ocean, there is a mountain that stands tall and smolders with fire; its height and depth are immeasurable, for it is formed of the most yang essence. Ocean waves crash against its peak, but they are instantly absorbed and vanish. Calculating the amount of water it absorbs day and night is boundless; it is as if a cauldron were boiling and receiving sweat poured upon it.
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| | 神異經: |
大荒之東極至鬼府山臂沃椒山腳巨洋海中升載海日，蓋扶桑山。有玉雞，王雞鳴則金雞鳴，金雞鳴則石雞鳴，石雞鳴則天下之雞鳴，悉鳴則潮水應之矣。 |
| | At the easternmost edge of the great wilderness, at the arm of Guihu Mountain and the foot of Wujiangiao Mountain in the vast ocean, rises a sea that carries the sun; this is Fusuang Mountain. There is a jade rooster; when the king rooster crows, the golden rooster crows; when the golden rooster crows, the stone rooster crows; and when the stone rooster crows, all chickens in the world crow. When they all crow together, the tidal waters respond accordingly.
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| | 神異經: |
西南大荒中有人焉，長一丈，其腹圍九尺，踐龜蛇，戴朱鳥。右手憑青龍，左手憑白虎。知河海斗斛，識山石多少，知天下鳥獸言語，知百草木鹽苦，名曰圣，一名哲，一名賢，一名無不達。凡人見而拜者，令人神智。又西北海外有人焉，長二千里，兩腳中間相去千里，腹圍一千六百里，但日飲天酒五斗，不食五谷魚肉，惟飲天酒。好游山海間，不犯百姓，不干萬物，與天地同生，名無路之人，一名仁，一名信，一名神。 |
| | In the great southern-western wilderness there are people who stand ten zhang tall, with waists nine chi in circumference. They tread on turtles and snakes, and wear a Vermilion Bird on their heads. Their right hand rests upon the Azure Dragon, and their left hand upon the White Tiger. They know the measurements of rivers, seas, buckets and ladles; they recognize how much stone is in mountains; they understand the languages of birds and beasts across the world; they discern the bitterness or saltiness of all herbs and trees. They are called Sheng, also Zhe, also Xian, also Wubuda. Whoever sees them and bows will become endowed with divine wisdom. Beyond the northwest sea there are people who are two thousand li tall, with their feet a thousand li apart and a waist circumference of one thousand six hundred li. They only drink five dou of heavenly wine each day , neither eating grains nor fish or meat; they consume only this heavenly wine. They enjoy traveling between mountains and seas, never disturbing the common people or interfering with all things; they share eternity with heaven and earth. They are called "Wulu People," also known as Ren, Xin, Shen.
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| | 神異經: |
西荒中獸如虎，豪長三尺，人面虎足口牙一丈八尺。人或食之，獸斗終不退卻，唯死而已。荒中人張捕之，復黠逆知。一名倒壽焉。 |
| | In the western frontier there is a beast resembling a tiger with fur three chi long; it has a human face, tiger feet, and fangs measuring one zhang eight chi in length. If people try to eat them, these beasts fight without retreating or yielding; they only stop when dead. The people in the wilderness attempt to capture them, but these creatures are clever and can anticipate such actions. They are also known as Daoshou.
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| | 神異經: |
東方外有東明山，有宮焉，左右有闕而立，其高百尺，畫以五色，青石為墻。高三仞，門有銀榜，以青石碧鏤，題曰「天地長男之宮」。 |
| | Beyond the east there is Dongming Mountain, with a palace on it. On either side are gate towers standing upright; they are one hundred chi high and painted in five colors, with blue stone walls. It is three ren tall; the gate has a silver plaque carved from green stone and inlaid with blue, inscribed "The Palace of the Eternal First Son of Heaven and Earth."
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| | 神異經: |
西北荒有遺酒，追復脯焉。其味如鹿獐，食一斤復一斤。東南荒中邪木，高二三十丈。葉如甘瓜，子如寒瓜，蔓覆其頂，子味甘如蜜，食之令人身有澤。不可過三升，令人冥醉，半日乃醒。惟多羅氏之民緣能得之。 |
| | In the northwest frontier there is leftover wine and preserved meat left behind. Its flavor resembles that of deer or spotted deer, and eating one jin restores another jin. In the southeastern frontier there is a kind of evil wood growing twenty to thirty zhang tall. Its leaves resemble sweet gourds, and its fruit is like winter melons; vines cover the tree's crown. The fruit tastes as sweet as honey, and eating it makes a person's body radiant with luster. One must not eat more than three sheng; doing so causes deep drunkenness, from which one awakens only after half a day. Only the people of Duoluo Shi are able to obtain it.
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| | 神異經: |
東海滄浪洲生強木焉，洲人多用作舟楫。其上多以珠玉為戲，物終無所負。其木方一寸，可載百許斤，縱石鎮之，不能沒矣。 |
| | On Canglang Zhou in the eastern sea grows a strong kind of wood; people on the island often use it to make boats and rafts. They often play games with pearls and jade, yet in the end no one is ever at a loss. A piece of this wood just one cun square can carry over one hundred jin; even if stones are placed on it, it cannot sink.
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| | 神異經: |
木梨生南方，梨徑三尺，剖之少瓤白素。和羹食之地仙，可以水火不焦溺矣。 |
| | The mulberry pear grows in the south; its fruit has a diameter of three chi and contains little pulp, which is white and pure when cut open. Eating it as part of a stew grants one the status of earthly immortality; one can remain unburned by fire and undrowned in water.
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| | 神異經: |
木栗出東北荒中，有木高四十丈，葉長五尺，廣三寸，名栗。其實徑三尺二寸，其殼赤，其肉黃白，味甜，食之令人短氣而渴也。 |
| | The mulberry chestnut grows in the northeastern frontier; there is a tree forty zhang tall with leaves five chi long and three cun wide, named Li. Its fruit has a diameter of thirty-two cun; the husk is red, and its flesh yellowish-white. It tastes sweet, but eating it causes shortness of breath and thirst.
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| | 神異經: |
昆侖山上有柰，冬生子，碧色，須玉井水洗之方可食也。 |
| | On Kunlun Mountain there are nai trees; their fruit grows in winter, with a greenish color. It must be washed in jade well water before it can be eaten.
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| | 神異經: |
刀味核生南荒中，樹形高五十丈，實如棗，長五尺。金刀剖之則甜，若竹刀剖之則飴，木刀剖之則酸，蘆刀剖之則辛。食之地仙，不畏水火白刃。 |
| | Dao Wei He grows in the southern frontier; its trees are fifty zhang tall, and their fruit resembles dates but is five chi long. If cut with a golden knife, it tastes sweet; if split by a bamboo knife, it becomes honey-like; if sliced with a wooden knife, sour; and if cut with a reed knife, pungent. Eating this fruit grants one earthly immortality, making them fearless of water, fire, or sharp weapons.
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| | 神異經: |
東南隅大荒中有樸父焉，其高千里，腹圍自輔。 |
| | In the southeastern corner of the great wilderness there is a being called Pufu; it stands one thousand li tall, with a waist as wide as itself.
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| | 神異經: |
西方深山中有山臊，長尺餘，犯人則病，長爆竹聲。 |
| | In the deep mountains of the west there are shansao; they are more than one chi tall, and if they attack a person, that person falls ill. They make loud noises like bursting firecrackers.
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| | 神異經: |
西北裔外有大夏山，有宮，以金為墻。南方裔外岡明山，有宮，以赤石為墻。西南裔外老壽山，有宮，以黃銅為墻。東南裔外清山，有宮，以青石為墻。西方裔外西明山，有宮，以白石為墻。 |
| | Beyond the northwest borderlands there is Daxia Mountain, with a palace whose walls are made of gold. Outside the southern frontier, on Gangming Mountain, there is a palace with walls made of red stone. Beyond the southwestern borderlands, on Laoshou Mountain, there is a palace whose walls are constructed from yellow copper. Beyond the southeastern frontier, on Qing Shan, there is a palace with blue stone walls. Beyond the western borderlands, at Ximing Mountain, there is a palace; its walls are made of white stone.
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| | 神異經: |
北方異國有銀盤，大五十丈，中有明珠，大數丈，照千里。 |
| | In an unusual northern country there is a silver plate fifty zhang in diameter, with a large pearl at its center several zhang across that shines for a thousand li.
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| | 神異經: |
窮其獸似牛，而色貍，尾長曳地。其聲似狗，狗頭人形，鉤爪鋸牙，逢忠信之人嚙而食之，逢奸邪者則擒禽獸而飼之。迅疾亦食諸禽獸也。 |
| | The Qiong beast resembles an ox but has the color of a civet, with a long tail dragging on the ground. Its voice resembles that of a dog; it has the head of a dog and human form, with hooked claws and saw-like teeth. When encountering loyal or trustworthy people, it bites and eats them; when meeting wicked or treacherous individuals, it captures birds and beasts to feed them instead. It is swift in action and also feeds on various birds and animals.
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| | 神異經: |
東方荒中有木，名曰栗，有殼徑三尺三寸。殼刺長丈余，實徑三尺。殼亦黃，其味甜，食之多，令人短氣而渴。 |
| | In the eastern frontier there is a tree named Li, with husks three chi and three cun in diameter. Its spines are more than one zhang long; its fruit has a diameter of about three chi. The husk is also yellow, and the taste is sweet; eating too much causes shortness of breath and intense thirst.
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| | 神異經: |
東南海中有烜洲，洲有溫湖，鰩魚生焉。長八尺，食之宜暑，辟風寒。北方有石湖，其水恒赤。 |
| | In the eastern southern sea there is Xuan Zhou, where a warm lake exists; it is the birthplace of Hua fish. They are eight chi long; eating them is beneficial in hot weather and protects against wind and cold. In the north there is a stone lake, whose water remains constantly red.
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| | 神異經: |
西北荒中有二金闕，相去百丈。有明月珠，徑二尺，光照二千里。 |
| | In the northwest frontier there are two golden gate towers, separated by one hundred zhang. There is a bright moon pearl with a diameter of two chi; its light shines for two thousand li.
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| | 神異經: |
東方裔外有建山，其上多橘柚。 |
| | Beyond the eastern borderlands there is Jian Mountain, on which many tangerines and pomelos grow.
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