C++ multiset crend()

C++ multiset crend() function is used to return a constant iterator to the end of the multiset (not the last element but the past last element) in reverse order. This is similar to the element preceding the first element of the non-reversed container.

Note:- This is a placeholder. No element exists in this location and attempting to access is undefined behavior.

A constant iterator is an iterator that points to the constant content.

Syntax

Parameter

None

Return value

crend() funtion returns a const_reverse_iterator to the element following the last element of the reversed container.

Complexity

Constant.

Iterator validity

No changes.

Data Races

The container is accessed.

Concurrently accessing the elements of a multiset container is safe.

Exception Safety

This function never throws exception.

Example 1

Let's see the simple example for crend() function:

Output:

mymultiset in reverse order: 40 30 20 20 10

In the above example, crend() function is used to return a constant reverse iterator to the element following the last element of the reversed container.

Because multiset stores the elements in sorted order of keys therefore, iterating over a multiset will result in above order i.e. sorted order of keys.

Example 2

Let's see a simple example to iterate over the multiset in reverse order using while loop:

Output:

ccc
bbb
bbb
aaa

In the above example, we are using while loop to const_iterate over the multiset in reverse order.

Because multiset stores the elements in sorted order of keys therefore, iterating over a multiset will result in above order i.e. sorted order of keys.

Example 3

Let's see a simple example:

Output:

3
2
2
1

In the above example, elements of multiset returned in reverse order.

Example 4

Let's see a simple example to sort and calculate the highest marks:

Output:

Salary
______________________
4500
2500
2500
1200
1000

Highest salary: 4500

In the above example, a multiset emp is implemented where salary is stored as key. This enables us to take advantage of the auto sorting of salary in multiset and lets us to identify the highest salary.