圍

See also: 围 and 囲

圍	U+570D, 圍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-570D

← 圌
[U+570C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

圎 →
[U+570E]

Translingual

Traditional	圍
Shinjitai	囲
Simplified	围

Han character

圍 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 田木一手 (WDMQ), four-corner 6050₆, composition ⿴囗韋)

Derived characters

潿, 䙟

Additional Derived Characters

𲚆, 𡼱, 𲢭, 𲮶, 𩼀, 𱻤, 𠄿, 𥴞, 𧝖, 𠆎, 𩏉, 𧝕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 220, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4806
Dae Jaweon: page 451, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 722, character 14
Unihan data for U+570D

Chinese

trad.		圍
simp.		围
alternative forms		囲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 圍
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (韋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禕	*qral
郼	*qʷɯl
褘	*qʰʷɯl
諱	*qʰʷɯls
媁	qʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
幃	*ɢʷɯl
違	*ɢʷɯl
圍	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯls
韋	*ɢʷɯl
闈	*ɢʷɯl
湋	*ɢʷɯl
鍏	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
潿	*ɢɯl
韙	*ɢʷɯlʔ
煒	*ɢʷɯlʔ
暐	*ɢʷɯlʔ
偉	*ɢʷɯlʔ
瑋	*ɢʷɯlʔ
葦	*ɢʷɯlʔ
椲	*ɢʷɯlʔ
韡	*ɢʷɯlʔ
愇	*ɢʷɯlʔ
緯	*ɢʷɯls

Originally written as 韋 (“to surround”). Now phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷɯl, *ɢʷɯls): semantic 囗 (“enclosure”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

Etymology

Likely borrowed from some reflex of Proto-Mon-Khmer *wil (“to turn”). Compare Khmer វិល (vɨl, “to revolve”), Burmese ဝေ့ (we., “to whirl around”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei²

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): wéi

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ви (vi, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai⁴

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): woi⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vei³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vì

(Hailu, HRS): vui

(Meixian, Guangdong): vi²
Jin (Wiktionary): vei¹
Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̌
Eastern Min (BUC): uòi
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ui²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ûi / û

(Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ui⁵
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wai⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶yu / ²yu / ²yi / ⁶we / ²we / ²ve / ²vi / ²wei / ²wai
- (Jinhua): ²iu; ²ui
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wéi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
  - Wade–Giles: wei²
  - Yale: wéi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wei²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: wéi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ви (vi, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wai⁴
  - Yale: wàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: woi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɔi²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vei²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vì
  - Hakka Romanization System: vi^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vi²
  - Sinological IPA: /vi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: vui
  - Sinological IPA: /vui⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vi²
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋi¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: vei¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uòi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ui²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: úi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ui²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi
  - Tâi-lô: uî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uii
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ui²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
  - Tâi-lô: û
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uu
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /u²⁴/

Note: û - common variant.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ui⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ui⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ui²²/
Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: wai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /βəi²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yu
  - MiniDict: yu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhy
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ²yu
  - MiniDict: yu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦy³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦy²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦy¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɦy³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦy²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɦy³¹³/
- (Northern: Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ²yi
  - MiniDict: yi^平
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦi²⁴/
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶we
  - MiniDict: we^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ²we
  - MiniDict: wie^平
  - MiniDict: we^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦuɪ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦue²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɦue³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦue²³¹/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
  - Wugniu: ²ve
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /βe³¹/
- (Northern: Songjiang)
  - Wugniu: ²vi
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /βi³¹/
- (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ²wei
  - MiniDict: wei^平
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦuei²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɦui²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɦuɐɪ³¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɦuai²²/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²wai
  - MiniDict: wai^平
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦuai¹³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ²iu; ²ui
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /y³¹³/, /ui³¹³/

Note:

6yu/2yu/2yi/2iu - vernacular;
6we/2we/2ve/2vi/2wei/2wai/2ui - literary.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯e̞i̯¹³/

Middle Chinese: hjw+j, hjw+jH

Rime
Character	圍	圍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	雨非切	于貴切
Baxter	hjw+j	hjw+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉi/	/ɦʉi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨi/	/ɦʷɨi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəi/	/ɣiuəi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuj/	/ɦuj^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəi/	/ɣiuəi^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəi/	/ɣĭwəi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/we̯i/	/we̯i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai⁴	wai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯl/, /*ɢʷɯls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	圍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/
English	surround
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	圍	圍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	12816	12834
Phonetic component	韋	韋
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	幃	胃
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯl/	/*ɢʷɯls/

Definitions

圍

to surround; to encircle; to corral
手拉手圍成一圈／手拉手围成一圈 ― shǒu lā shǒu wéi chéng yī quān ― to hold hands and form a circle
all sides
周圍／周围 ― zhōuwéi ― around
girth
腰圍／腰围 ― yāowéi ― waistline
(often in Guangdong and Hong Kong place names) walled village (Classifier: 條／条 c)
吉慶圍／吉庆围 [Cantonese] ― gat¹ hing³ wai⁴ [Jyutping] ― Kat Hing Wai (a walled village in Yuen Long, Hong Kong)
(Cantonese) Classifier for number of tables at a restaurant or a feast. (usually twelve people per table)
(Cantonese) to tally; to calculate (an amount)
(medicine) peri-

Synonyms

(to surround):

edit

包 (literary, or in compounds)
周旋 (zhōuxuán)
圍繞 / 围绕
拱 (gǒng)
環抱 / 环抱 (huánbào)
環拱 / 环拱 (huángǒng) (literary)
環繞 / 环绕
盤旋 / 盘旋 (pánxuán)
迴旋 / 回旋 (huíxuán)

Compounds

三圍 / 三围 (sānwéi)
入圍 / 入围 (rùwéi)
冒鋒突圍 / 冒锋突围
包圍 / 包围 (bāowéi)
十圍五攻 / 十围五攻
合圍 / 合围 (héwéi)
周圍 / 周围 (zhōuwéi)
四圍 / 四围 (sìwéi)
圍住 / 围住 (wéizhù)
圍兜 / 围兜 (wéidōu)
圍剿 (wéijiǎo)
圍困 / 围困 (wéikùn)
圍坐 / 围坐 (wéizuò)
圍城 / 围城 (wéichéng)
圍城打援 / 围城打援
圍場 / 围场 (wéichǎng)
圍堵 / 围堵 (wéidǔ)
圍子 / 围子
圍尺 / 围尺
圍屏 / 围屏
圍巾 / 围巾 (wéijīn)
圍捕 / 围捕 (wéibǔ)
圍攏 / 围拢 (wéilǒng)
圍攻 / 围攻 (wéigōng)
圍村 / 围村 (wéicūn)
圍桌 / 围桌 (wéizhuō)
圍棋 / 围棋 (wéiqí)
圍棋段位 / 围棋段位
圍標 / 围标 (wéibiāo)
圍爐 / 围炉 (wéilú)
圍牆 / 围墙 (wéiqiáng)
圍獵 / 围猎 (wéiliè)
圍籬 / 围篱 (wéilí)
圍網 / 围网 (wéiwǎng)
圍繞 / 围绕
圍脖兒 / 围脖儿 (wéibór)
圍腰 / 围腰
圍裙 / 围裙 (wéiqún)
圍觀 / 围观 (wéiguān)
圍阻體 / 围阻体
圍魏救趙 / 围魏救赵 (wéiwèijiùzhào)
團圍 / 团围
團團圍住 / 团团围住
土圍子 / 土围子
基圍 / 基围
壯圍 / 壮围 (Zhuàngwéi)
外圍 / 外围 (wàiwéi)
大圍山 / 大围山 (Dàwéishān)
帶圍 / 带围
打圍 / 打围 (dǎwéi)
打茶圍 / 打茶围
拔圍出夫 / 拔围出夫
攻圍 / 攻围 (gōngwéi)
柏林圍牆 / 柏林围墙 (Bólín Wéiqiáng)
棘圍 / 棘围
殺出重圍 / 杀出重围
氛圍 / 氛围
潰圍 / 溃围
為人解圍 / 为人解围
獵圍 / 猎围
珠圍翠擁 / 珠围翠拥
珠圍翠繞 / 珠围翠绕
珠繞翠圍 / 珠绕翠围
突圍 / 突围 (tūwéi)
竹圍 / 竹围 (Zhúwéi)
範圍 / 范围 (fànwéi)
翠繞珠圍 / 翠绕珠围
胸圍 / 胸围 (xiōngwéi)
腰圍 / 腰围 (yāowéi)
臀圍 / 臀围 (túnwéi)
茶圍 / 茶围
解圍 / 解围 (jiěwéi)
車圍 / 车围
重圍 / 重围 (chóngwéi)
長圍 / 长围
雰圍 / 氛围

Descendants

→ Vietnamese: vây (“to encircle”)

Japanese

Shinjitai	囲
Kyūjitai	圍

Kanji

圍

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 囲)

to surround, encircle

Readings

Go-on: え (e)^{←ゑ (we, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kun: かこむ (kakomu, 圍む)、かこい (kakoi, 圍い)^{←かこひ (kakofi, 圍ひ, historical)}、かこう (kakou, 圍う)^{←かこふ (kakofu, 圍ふ, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

圍 (eumhun 둘레, 에워쌀 위 (dulle, ewossal wi))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

圍: Hán Nôm readings: vi, vè, vây, vầy, ví

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.