See also: Appendix:Variations of "o"
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Hungarian
editAlternative forms
edit- (early obsolete) o̗, (mid-obsolete, between the 16th–18th centuries) oͤ, (late obsolete, till the early 19th century) ö́ [1]
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Finno-Ugric *sᴕ̈ (“he, she, it”). Cognates include Southern Mansi tü, tüw-, Northern Mansi тав (tav, “he, she”), Finnish hän.[2]
Pronoun
editő
- (personal) he, she (third-person singular, nominative form; usually omitted as redundant due to the verb suffix, except for emphasis or contrast)
- Ő hagyta itt. ― S/he left it here [it was left here by him/her, rather than by someone else].
- Optional (redundant) element used for emphasis in third-person possessive constructions, whether singular or plural, if the possessor is otherwise not explicit; normally preceded by the article az (“the”):
- construed with -a/-e/-ja/-je/-i/-ai/-ei/-jai/-jei (“his/her”): his or her
- az ő asztala (usually az asztala, rarely asztala) ― his/her table/desk
- az ő széke (usually a széke, rarely széke) ― his/her chair
- construed with -uk/-ük/-juk/-jük/-ik/-aik/-eik/-jaik/-jeik (“their”): their
- az ő asztaluk (usually az asztaluk, rarely asztaluk) ― their table/desk
- az ő székük (usually a székük, rarely székük) ― his/her chair
- construed with -a/-e/-ja/-je/-i/-ai/-ei/-jai/-jei (“his/her”): his or her
Declension
edit| nominative | ő |
|---|---|
| accusative | őt |
| dative | neki |
| instrumental | vele |
| causal-final | érte |
| inessive | benne |
| superessive | rajta |
| adessive | nála |
| illative | belé |
| sublative | rá |
| allative | hozzá |
| elative | belőle |
| delative | róla |
| ablative | tőle |
Coordinate terms
edit| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | én | mi | |
| 2nd person | familiar | te | ti |
| polite, unfamiliar | maga | maguk | |
| formal | ön | önök | |
| 3rd person | ő | ők | |
Derived terms
edit- a nagy Ő
- (emphatic forms of postpositions): őalatta, őáltala, őelőtte etc. (ő + a postposition with a third-person personal suffix; see Appendix:Hungarian postpositions)
- (emphatic forms of declined third-person pronouns): őneki, ővele, őhozzá etc. (ő + one of the declined forms listed in the chart above; see Appendix:Hungarian pronouns)
See also
edit1Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise.
Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All Hungarian pronouns / edit this template
1 Semhogy and semmint are conjunctions meaning “(rather) than”, “before” (as in inkább meghal, semhogy… ― he'll rather die than…).
2 Valamint is now only used in the sense of “as well as” in enumerations.
3 Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig).
Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”); is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).
Etymology 2
editLetter
editő (lower case, upper case Ő)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called ő and written in the Latin script.
Declension
edit| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ő | ő-k |
| accusative | ő-t | ő-ket |
| dative | ő-nek | ő-knek |
| instrumental | ő-vel | ő-kkel |
| causal-final | ő-ért | ő-kért |
| translative | ő-vé | ő-kké |
| terminative | ő-ig | ő-kig |
| essive-formal | ő-ként | ő-kként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | ő-ben | ő-kben |
| superessive | ő-n | ő-kön |
| adessive | ő-nél | ő-knél |
| illative | ő-be | ő-kbe |
| sublative | ő-re | ő-kre |
| allative | ő-höz | ő-khöz |
| elative | ő-ből | ő-kből |
| delative | ő-ről | ő-kről |
| ablative | ő-től | ő-ktől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
ő-é | ő-ké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
ő-éi | ő-kéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | ő-m | ő-im |
| 2nd person sing. | ő-d | ő-id |
| 3rd person sing. | ő-je | ő-i |
| 1st person plural | ő-nk | ő-ink |
| 2nd person plural | ő-tök | ő-itek |
| 3rd person plural | ő-jük | ő-ik |
See also
edit- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
References
edit- ^ Kniezsa, István. A magyar helyesírás története (‘The History of Hungarian Orthography’). 2nd, revised edition. Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó, 1959.
- ^ Entry #919 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
edit- (he/she): ő in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
- (the sound and letter): ő in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
Categories:
- Character boxes with compositions
- Latin Extended-A block
- Latin script characters
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/øː
- Rhymes:Hungarian/øː/1 syllable
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian pronouns
- Hungarian personal pronouns
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian letters
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian 1-letter words
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with letter and pronoun etymologies