<charconv> Header File in C++17

The <charconv> header contains several methods for converting character sequences to numerical information and vice versa. It is regarded as more effective than the <cstdlib> header file functions for the identical purpose. The functions given by the <charconv> header file are often quicker than the functions that are provided by the <cstdlib> header file.

It was introduced in C++17, and the major goal of developing this header was to enhance the complexity and speed of the code.

Functions in the <charconv> Header:

The charconv library has two functions:

1. to_chars()

The to_chars() method converts a number to its matching character representation and puts the output in a buffer.

Syntax:

It has the following syntax:

Parameters:

initial and final: Pointers to the start and end of the buffers where the output is going to be written.

val: The numeric value to be transformed.

Return Value:

It returns an object of type to_chars_result with two members:

• ptr: a reference to the first character following the end reference of the characters typed.
• ec: It is an error number that determines whether or not the process of conversion is completed. If the conversion succeeds, the code that indicates the problem will be set to errc; otherwise, it will be set to a different error code if an error occurs.

Example:

This code shows how to use the to_chars() method from the <charconv> header to convert a value of integers to a character sequence.

Filename: Tochars. cpp

Output:

The Converted value: 44

2. the function from_chars()

The from_chars() method is used for converting a number's character representation to its numeric form.

Parameters:

• initial and final: Indicates the start and end of the character to be transformed.
• value: The number that is to be converted's reference.

Return on Value

It returns the from_chars_result object, which has two members:

• ptr: A pointer to the initial character following the last character entered it.
• ec: It is an error code that indicates whether or not the conversion was successful. If the process of conversion is successful, the error code is going to be set to errc; otherwise, if an error occurs, it will be set to an error code.

Example:

Filename: Fromchars.cpp

Output:

48

Example 2:

Filename: Header.cpp

Output:

The Converted value is: 126.78

Benefits of Using <charconv> function

The following are some of the benefits of utilizing the <charconv> library functions in C++:

• Performance: This header contains a large number of common functions that reduce memory allocation and increase code performance.
• Error handling: It returns the from_chars_result, which indicates if the conversation was successful or not.
• Flexibility: It can handle a large variety of input types and assures the code's adaptability.