Turneaureite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page kindly sponsored by Sean Michael Stimac
About Turneaureite
Frederick S. Turneaure
Formula:
Ca5(AsO4)3Cl
Colour:
Colourless to grayish white
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
3.60
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1985 by Pete J. Dunn, Erich Ulrich Petersen, and Donald Ralph Peacor in honor of Dr. Frederick Stewart Turneaure [June 22, 1899 Madison, Dane County, Wisconsin, USA – August 29, 1986 Ann Arbor, Washtenaw County, Michigan, USA], ore deposits geologist in Bolivia (1930-1947), later Professor of Geology (1947-1969), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
A member of the Apatite Group of the Apatite Supergroup. The arsenate analogue of Chlorapatite. The Ca5 analogue of Hedyphane. The Cl analogue of Johnbaumite and Svabite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4059
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4059:0
IMA Classification of Turneaureite
Approved
Approval year:
1983
First published:
1985
Classification of Turneaureite
8.BN.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
41.8.3.2
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : A5(XO4)3Zq
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : A5(XO4)3Zq
22.2.4
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
2 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with chloride
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
2 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with chloride
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Trr | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Turneaureite
Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Colourless to grayish white
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.60(5) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.63 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Turneaureite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.708(3) nε = 1.700(3)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.008
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Turneaureite
Mindat Formula:
Ca5(AsO4)3Cl
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Turneaureite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.9218(3) Å, c = 6.8638(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.692
Unit Cell V:
585.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic. Forms observed: {1010} and {0001}
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010311 | Turneaureite | Wardojo T A, Hwu S-J (1996) Chlorapatite: Ca5(AsO4)3Cl Acta Crystallographica C52 2959-2960 |  | 1996 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.907 Å | (100) |
| 2.826 Å | (90) |
| 3.43 Å | (60) |
| 3.98 Å | (50) |
| 2.670 Å | (50) |
| 1.864 Å | (40) |
| 1.995 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Turneaureite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
colorless, slightly turbid, prismatic crystals up to 1.5 mm long (holotype, Långban)
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., under catalogue numbers C6270-l and C6270-2 (Franklin), 134981 (Langban), and 159862 (Balmat).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
High-grade marble
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Turneaureite
Other Language Names for Turneaureite
Relationship of Turneaureite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Apatite Group:
| Alforsite | Ba5(PO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) | |
| Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Fluoralforsite | Ba5(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P6/m |
| Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Fluorpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Hydroxylpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3(OH) | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mcm |
| Johnbaumite | Ca5(AsO4)3(OH) | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Oxypyromorphite | Pb10(PO4)6O | |
| Pieczkaite | Mn5(PO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Pliniusite | Ca5(VO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Stronadelphite | Sr5(PO4)3F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Svabite | Ca5(AsO4)3F | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
| Unnamed (OH-analogue of Mimetite) | Pb5(AsO4)3(OH) | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 21 photos of Turneaureite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 13 photos of Turneaureite associated with Donpeacorite | (Mn,Mg)MgSi2O6 |
| 4 photos of Turneaureite associated with Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4 photos of Turneaureite associated with Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| 4 photos of Turneaureite associated with Johnbaumite | Ca5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 4 photos of Turneaureite associated with Svabite | Ca5(AsO4)3F |
| 4 photos of Turneaureite associated with Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| 3 photos of Turneaureite associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 3 photos of Turneaureite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 3 photos of Turneaureite associated with Braunite | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BN. | Fluoralforsite | Ba5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN. | Aradite | BaCa6[(SiO4)(VO4)](VO4)2F |
| 8.BN. | Magganasite | CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3 |
| 8.BN. | Fluorpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN. | Fluorsigaiite | Ca2Sr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Pieczkaite | Mn5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorcaphite | SrCaCa3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Hedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylhedyphane | Ca2Pb3(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Mimetite-M | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Johnbaumite | Ca5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Pliniusite | Ca5(VO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylapatite-M | Ca5(PO4)3OH |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylpyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Miyahisaite | (Sr,Ca)2Ba3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Carlgieseckeite-(Nd) | NaNdCa3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Belovite-(Ce) | NaCeSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Kuannersuite-(Ce) | NaCeBa3(PO4)3F0.5Cl0.5 |
| 8.BN.05 | Alforsite | Ba5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Unnamed (OH-analogue of Mimetite) | Pb5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Stronadelphite | Sr5(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Parafiniukite | Ca2Mn3(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 va | Germanate-pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)2GeO4 |
| 8.BN.05 | Belovite-(La) | NaLaSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorphosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Fluorstrophite | SrCaSr3(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.05 | Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BN.05 | Johnbaumite-M | Ca5(AsO4)3OH |
| 8.BN.05 | Phosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Morelandite | Ca2Ba3(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Oxypyromorphite | Pb10(PO4)6O |
| 8.BN.05 | Deloneite | (Na0.5REE0.25Ca0.25)(Ca0.75REE0.25)Sr1.5(CaNa0.25REE0.25)(PO4)3F0.5(OH)0.5 |
| 8.BN.05 | Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Vanackerite | Pb4Cd(AsO4)3Cl |
| 8.BN.05 | Svabite | Ca5(AsO4)3F |
| 8.BN.10 | Arctite | Na2Ca4(PO4)3F |
| 8.BN.10 | Krügerite | BaCa6(SiO4)2[(P0.5S0.5)O4]2F |
| 8.BN.15 | Goryainovite | Ca2(PO4)Cl |
Fluorescence of Turneaureite
Fluoresces bright orange under SW UV. Not discernibly fluorescent under LW UV. Phosphorescence is weakly discernible in massive material from Franklin, but was not observed on crystals from the other localities.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Turneaureite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4059.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Turneaureite
Reference List:
Dunn, P. J., Petersen, E. U., Peacor, D. R. (1985) Turneaureite, a new member of the apatite group from Franklin, New Jersey, Balmat, New York and Långban, Sweden. The Canadian Mineralogist, 23 (2) 251-254
Wardojo, T. A., Hwu, S. J. (1996) Chlorapatite: Ca5(AsO4)3Cl. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 52 (12) 2959-2960 doi:10.1107/s0108270196011006
Biagioni, Cristian, Bosi, Ferdinando, Hålenius, Ulf, Pasero, Marco (2017) The crystal structure of turneaureite, Ca5(AsO4)3Cl, the arsenate analog of chlorapatite, and its relationships with the arsenate apatites johnbaumite and svabite. American Mineralogist, 102 (10) 1981-1986 doi:10.2138/am-2017-6041
Localities for Turneaureite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
France | |
| Galéa-Clolus et al. (2025) +1 other reference |
Romania | |
| Ciobanu et al. (2004) |
Russia | |
| Malinko +4 other references |
| Kasatkin et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
Sweden | |
| Gatedal (n.d.) |
| Holtstam et al. (2001) |
| Dunn et al. (1985) |
| Biagioni et al. (2017) |
USA (TL) | |
| Dunn et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
| Dunn et al. (1985) |
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Franklin Mine, Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA