Pertlikite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Pertlikite
Formula:
K2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Mg,Fe3+)4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Colour:
Dark olive green to black
Specific Gravity:
2.59
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
In honour of Franz Pertlik (b. 1943), Professor of Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Vienna, Austria, in recognition of his extensive work on the crystal chemistry of minerals.
Voltaite Group. Chemically related to magnesiovoltaite. One of a few ferrous-ferric sulfate minerals, by bílinite, copiapite, römerite (purely Fe minerals), metavoltine, and voltaite.
Tetragonal-pseudocubic due to ordering of Fe and Mg.
An apparently cubic (a = 27.220 Å) pertlikite-related mineral with the formula [K0.73(NH4)0.27]2(Mg,Al,Fe)62+(Fe0.93Al0.07)23+Al(SO4)12·18H2O and unknown Fe(II):Fe(III) ratio was described by Witzke et al. (2015).
Tetragonal-pseudocubic due to ordering of Fe and Mg.
An apparently cubic (a = 27.220 Å) pertlikite-related mineral with the formula [K0.73(NH4)0.27]2(Mg,Al,Fe)62+(Fe0.93Al0.07)23+Al(SO4)12·18H2O and unknown Fe(II):Fe(III) ratio was described by Witzke et al. (2015).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
36064
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:36064:3
IMA Classification of Pertlikite
Classification of Pertlikite
7.CC.25
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
29.9.1.3
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
9 : Miscellaneous
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
9 : Miscellaneous
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Plk | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Prt | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Pertlikite
Colour:
Dark olive green to black
Streak:
Grayish green
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.59(3) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.56(1) g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Pertlikite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.590(2) nε = 1.586(2)
Birefringence:
Very low
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.004
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Pertlikite
Mindat Formula:
K2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Mg,Fe3+)4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Pertlikite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I41/acd
Cell Parameters:
a = 19.2080 Å, c = 27.2158 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.417
Unit Cell V:
10,041.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Pseudocubic.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0006190 | Pertlikite | Ertl A, Dyar M D, Hughes J M, Brandstatter F, Gunter M E, Prem M, Peterson R C (2008) Pertlikite, a new tetragonal Mg-rich member of the voltaite group from Madeni Zakh, Iran The Canadian Mineralogist 46 661-669 |  | 2008 | Madeni Zakh, Iran | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.543 Å | (28) |
| 3.396 Å | (100) |
| 3.136 Å | (21) |
| 3.038 Å | (39) |
| 2.848 Å | (31) |
| 2.534 Å | (21) |
| 2.078 Å | (29) |
| 1.601 Å | (21) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals |
Type Occurrence of Pertlikite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Single crystals up to 1 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institute for Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Vienna, Austria (7813).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (NMNH174370).
Museum of Natural History, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, (135547).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (NMNH174370).
Museum of Natural History, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, (135547).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pyrite-bearing trachytic eruptive rock. It probably formed after the decomposition of pyrite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Pertlikite
Other Language Names for Pertlikite
Dutch:Pertlikiet
German:Pertlikit
Relationship of Pertlikite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Voltaite Group:
| Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite | (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
| Ammoniovoltaite | (NH4)2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
| Magnesiovoltaite | K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
| Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
| Zincovoltaite | K2Zn5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3c |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Pertlikite associated with Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| 2 photos of Pertlikite associated with Alcaparrosaite | K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2 |
| 1 photo of Pertlikite associated with Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| 1 photo of Pertlikite associated with Metavoltine | K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 1 photo of Pertlikite associated with Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 1 photo of Pertlikite associated with Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| 1 photo of Pertlikite associated with Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CC. | Cobaltoblödite | Na2Co(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC. | Andychristyite | PbCu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
| 7.CC. | Ammoniovoltaite | (NH4)2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18 |
| 7.CC.05 | Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| 7.CC.10 | Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Mendozite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.15 | Kalinite | KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(Na) | NaAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lonecreekite | (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Alum-(K) | KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Tschermigite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.20 | Lanmuchangite | Tl+Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Zincovoltaite | K2Zn5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Magnesiovoltaite | K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.25 | Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite | (NH4)2Mg2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 7.CC.30 | Kröhnkite | Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.35 | Ferrinatrite | Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O |
| 7.CC.40 | Goldichite | KFe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.45 | Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Nickelblödite | Na2Ni(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.50 | Changoite | Na2Zn(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.55 | Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.55 | Mereiterite | K2Fe(SO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Nickelpicromerite | K2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Katerinopoulosite | (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Cyanochroite | K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Mohrite | (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.60 | Boussingaultite | (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.65 | Polyhalite | K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.70 | Leightonite | K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O |
| 7.CC.75 | Amarillite | NaFe(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.CC.80 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O |
| 7.CC.85 | Wattevilleite | Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 4H2O (?) |
| 7.CC.85 | Xocolatlite | Ca2Mn4+2(Te6+O6)2 · H2O |
| 7.CC.90 | Eckhardite | (Ca,Pb)Cu2+Te6+O5(H2O) |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 4.1095% | 1,274 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Fluorescence of Pertlikite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Pertlikite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-36064.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Pertlikite
Reference List:
Ertl, A.; Dyar, M. D.; Hughes, J. M.; Brandstätter, F.; Gunter, M. E.; Prem, M.; Peterson, R. C. (2008) Pertlikite, a new tetragonal Mg-rich member of the voltaite group from Madeni Zakh, Iran. The Canadian Mineralogist, 46 (3). 661-669 doi:10.3749/canmin.46.3.661
Majzlan, Juraj, Schlicht, Hannes, Wierzbicka-Wieczorek, Maria, Giester, Gerald, Pöllmann, Herbert, Brömme, Beatrix, Doyle, Stephen, Buth, Gernot, Bender Koch, Christian (2013) A contribution to the crystal chemistry of the voltaite group: solid solutions, Mössbauer and infrared spectra, and anomalous anisotropy. Mineralogy and Petrology, 107 (2) 221-233 doi:10.1007/s00710-012-0254-2
Localities for Pertlikite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Tony Kampf (LAC Museum) +5 other references |
Costa Rica | |
| Rodríguez et al. (2017) |
Germany | |
| Košek (2018) |
Hungary | |
| Collectors: Gábor Koller & Dávid ... |
Iran (TL) | |
| Ertl +6 other references |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
| Russo et al. (2017) | |
| Campostrini I. et al - Vulcano: ein ... |
Peru | |
| Tyc et al. (2022) |
Poland | |
| Cu +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout PertlikiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatRadioactivityFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Grotta dell'Allume, Faraglione Nico, Faraglioni di Levante, Porto Levante, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, Italy