Portal:Turkey

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Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while Kurds are the largest ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.

First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to various ancient peoples. The Hattians were assimilated by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization after Alexander the Great's conquests, and later Romanization during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded. Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw major changes, reforms, centralization, and rising nationalism while its territory declined.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. Turkey emerged as a more homogenous nation state. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modelled on the reforms initiated by its founder and first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during most of World War II, but was involved in the Korean War. Several military interventions interfered with the transition to a multi-party system.

Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 16th-largest by nominal and 11th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. As the 15th-largest electricity producer in the world, Turkey aims to become a hub for regional energy transportation. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States. With a geopolitically significant location, Turkey is a NATO member and has its second-largest military force. It may be recognized as an emerging, a middle, and a regional power. As an EU candidate, Turkey is part of the EU Customs Union.

Turkey has coastal plains, a high central plateau, and various mountain ranges with rising elevation eastwards. Turkey's climate is diverse, ranging from Mediterranean and other temperate climates to semi-arid and continental types. Home to three biodiversity hotspots, Turkey is prone to frequent earthquakes and is highly vulnerable to climate change. Turkey has a universal healthcare system, growing access to education, and increasing levels of innovativeness. It is a leading TV content exporter. With numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites and intangible cultural heritage inscriptions, and a rich and diverse cuisine, Turkey is the fourth most visited country in the world. (Full article...)

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Little Akdoğan

Lake Akdoğan (Turkish: Akdoğan Gölü), also called Lake Hamurpert (Armenian: Համուրպետ լիճ, romanized: Hamurpet lič̣), is the name of two neighbouring Crater lakes on the Akdoğan Mountains in Turkey. They are separated by a land strip of about 210 metres (690 ft). They are both high-altitude lakes located in Varto district of Muş Province. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Turkey-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Butterfly Valley on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 2The empire in 555 under Justinian the Great, at its greatest extent since the fall of the Western Roman Empire (its vassals in pink) (from History of Turkey)
Image 3Turkish coffee (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 4The sultan of the golden age, Suleiman the Magnificent. (from History of Turkey)
Image 5Selimiye Mosque in Edirne (1568–1574) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 6Mount Ararat (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 7The Ottoman Empire in 1683, at the start of the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (from History of Turkey)
Image 8Map of earthquakes in Turkey 1900–2023 (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 9A view of Levent from Kanlıca across the Bosporus. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 10Roosevelt, İnönü and Churchill at the Second Cairo Conference which was held between 4–6 December 1943. (from History of Turkey)
Image 11Mount Nemrut, Adıyaman (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 12Istanbul University Faculty of Science and Faculty of Literature Buildings (1944–52) designed by Sedad Hakkı Eldem and Emin Onat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 13An oil wrestling tournament in Istanbul. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 14Köppen climate types of Turkey (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 15Mount Erciyes near Kayseri (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 16Orhan Veli Kanık was the founder of the Garip Movement in Turkish poetry. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 17Istanbul (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 18Mehmed II enters Constantinople by Fausto Zonaro (from History of Turkey)
Image 19Ankara Opera House, designed by Şevki Balmumcu (1933–34) and renovation by Paul Bonatz (1946–47). (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 20Turkish delight (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 21Visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to Turkey in October 1917. Together with the Mehmed V and Enver Pasha (from History of Turkey)
Image 22Map of Istanbul by the miniature artist Matrakçı Nasuh (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 23View of Beydağları Coastal National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 24Entrance portal of the Karatay Madrasa in Konya (c. 1251) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 25Istanbul LGBT Pride 2013 at Taksim Square during Gezi Park protests (from History of Turkey)
Image 26Antalya (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 27Orhan Pamuk, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 28Designed by Şekip Akalın, Ankara Central Station (1937) is a notable art deco design of its era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 29Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915) was a prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 30Namık Kemal was a prominent Turkish poet, novelist, playwright and journalist of the late-19th-century Ottoman Empire. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 31Beaches and marina of Kemer near Antalya on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 32Atatürk on the cover of the Time magazine, Vol. I No. 4, March 24, 1923. Title: "Mustapha Kemal Pasha" (from History of Turkey)
Image 33Map showing events of the first phases of the Greco-Persian Wars (from History of Turkey)
Image 34The Nation's Library of the Presidency, Ankara (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 35View of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 36Thrace and the Thracian Odrysian kingdom in its maximum extent under Sitalces (431-424 BC) (from History of Turkey)
Image 37Recaizade Mahmud Ekrem (1847–1914) was another prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 38First Ziraat Bank Headquarters (1925–29) in Ankara designed by Giulio Mongeri is an important symbol of the First National Architectural Movement. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 39Yalikavak Palmarina in Bodrum (2014) designed by Emre Arolat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 40View from Levent district in Istanbul. Istanbul's skyline has changed especially since the early 2000s. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 41Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca was one of the most prolific Turkish poets of the Turkish Republic with more than 60 collections of his poems published, laureate of the Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath Award. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 42Kaçkar Mountains. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 43Sami Frashëri (1850–1904) and his wife Emine, May 1884. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 44Bronze Age Anatolia (from History of Turkey)
Image 45Istanbul Sapphire (2006–11) is the tallest building in Turkey and 4th in Europe. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 46Ankara (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 47Anıtkabir designed by Emin Halid Onat and Ahmet Orhan Arda (1944–53) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 48Map showing the Anatolian Plate, the North Anatolian Fault and East Anatolian Fault in Turkey. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 49Night view of the Taksim Mosque (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 50Originally a church, later a mosque, and now a Grand mosque, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul was built by the Byzantines in the 6th century. (from History of Turkey)
Image 51Lake Van (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 52Regions of Roman Anatolia (from History of Turkey)
Image 53Turkish national basketball team won the silver medal in the 2010 FIBA World Championship. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 54Karagöz and Hacivat are the lead characters of Turkish shadow play, popularized during the Ottoman period. (from Culture of Turkey)

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... that Turkish record label Kalan Müzik was suspended for a song with the word "Kurdistan" in it? (September 1, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 166
... that Pakistan's ties with Turkey have been influenced by president Pervez Musharraf's admiration for Turkey's model of modernism and secularism? (June 9, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 219
... that Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu, the head of the Turkish delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, is also a member of parliament from Antalya Province? (January 24, 2010)
... that the town of Lice, Turkey, was rebuilt 2 km (1.2 mi) south of its original location after the earthquake in 1975, with houses, shops, a school, a bakery and a mosque completed only 54 days later? (October 10, 2010)
... that Muhtar Kent, named to assume the post of CEO of the Coca-Cola Company on July 1, 2008, is the son of a Turkish diplomat, who risked his life to save Jews in France during the Holocaust? (December 15, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 191
... that, with its total installed capacity of 95 MW, the Kızıldere Geothermal Power Plant is the biggest of its kind in Turkey? (January 13, 2014)
... that after being deposed by his brotherAbdul Hamid II, Ottoman sultan Murad V was detained in the Malta Pavilion? (December 16, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 236

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Image 11. picture on portal: The prominent towers of Dayro d-Mor Gabriel; 15th December 2005
Image 2the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne
Image 3Ölüdeniz
Image 4A faculty of Sakarya University
Image 5Cappadocia
Image 6Iznik, 16th-century vase
Image 7Tarkan with Hungarian fans
Image 8the Bosphorus Bridge
Image 9The ancient Lake Abant Nature Park in Bolu
Image 10An airplane with a nazar boncuğu symbol that is said to offer protection from the "evil eye".
Image 11Mount Nemrut
Image 12Lake Akdoğan in Muş
Image 13Flag of Turkey, from flowers
Image 14A Kocek
Image 15A tram in Istanbul
Image 16Safranbolu
Image 17Antalya
Image 18Rize
Image 19Atatürk praying
Image 20The Temple of Athena at Priene, an ancient site near Turunçlar in Aydın province.
Image 21The sun setting over the Golden Horn in the city of Istanbul.
Image 22Kemer
Image 2318th-century Ottoman barber's apron
Image 24Aydilge Sarp; Turkish singer, songwriter and novelist
Image 25The tughra of Mahmud II. "Mahmud Han bin Abdulhamid muzaffer daima" ("Mahmud Khan son of Abdulhamid is forever victorious").
Image 26Lahmacun
Image 27Tünel, Istanbul

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Acemoglu in 2016

Kamer Daron Acemoğlu (born September 3, 1967) is a Turkish-American economist of Armenian descent who has taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 1993, where he is currently the Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics, and was named an Institute Professor at MIT in 2019. His primary research fields include political economy, development economics, and labor economics. He received the John Bates Clark Medal in 2005, and the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2024.

Acemoglu ranked third, behind Paul Krugman and Greg Mankiw, in the list of "Favorite Living Economists Under Age 60" in a 2011 survey among American economists. In 2015, he was named the most cited economist of the past 10 years per Research Papers in Economics (RePEc) data. According to the Open Syllabus Project, Acemoglu is the third most frequently cited author on college syllabi for economics courses after Mankiw and Krugman. (Full article...)

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Ephesus was an ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia, three kilometres southwest of present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey

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Videos from Turkey on Wikimedia Commons

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“

Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.

”

1934 ~ Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

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Turkish proverbs in Wikiquote

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Recognized content

	Alanya, Byzantine Empire, SMS Goeben, The Turk, List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul, Italian War of 1521–1526, Italian War of 1542–1546, List of battleships of the Ottoman Empire, Rhodes blood libel
	2004 Istanbul summit, 2008 Turkish Grand Prix, Battle of Manzikert, Battle of Marash, Battle of Vaslui, Church of St. Polyeuctus, First Crusade, Great Zab, Hood event, Limyra Bridge, Siege of Szigetvár, Night Attack at Târgoviște, Third Perso-Turkic War, Walls of Constantinople, Gallipoli Campaign, Battle of Lone Pine