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Automotive mmWave radar sensors

AWR2944

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Automotive, second-generation 76-GHz to 81-GHz high-performance SoC for corner and long-range radar

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AWR2944

ACTIVE
Data sheet Order now

Product details

Frequency range 76 - 81 GHz Number of receivers 4 Number of transmitters 4 ADC sampling rate (max) (Msps) 37.5 Arm CPU Arm Cortex-R5F at 300 MHz Interface type 2 CAN-FD, Ethernet, I2C DSP type C66x DSP 360MHz Hardware accelerators Radar hardware accelerator Edge AI enabled Yes RAM (kByte) 4096 Rating Automotive Operating temperature range (°C) -40 to 140 TI functional safety category Functional Safety Quality-Managed, Functional Safety-Compliant Security Cryptographic acceleration, Device attestation & anti-counterfeit, Hardware-enforced isolation, Secure boot, Secure firmware & software update, Software IP protection Power supply solution LP87745-Q1
Frequency range 76 - 81 GHz Number of receivers 4 Number of transmitters 4 ADC sampling rate (max) (Msps) 37.5 Arm CPU Arm Cortex-R5F at 300 MHz Interface type 2 CAN-FD, Ethernet, I2C DSP type C66x DSP 360MHz Hardware accelerators Radar hardware accelerator Edge AI enabled Yes RAM (kByte) 4096 Rating Automotive Operating temperature range (°C) -40 to 140 TI functional safety category Functional Safety Quality-Managed, Functional Safety-Compliant Security Cryptographic acceleration, Device attestation & anti-counterfeit, Hardware-enforced isolation, Secure boot, Secure firmware & software update, Software IP protection Power supply solution LP87745-Q1
FCCSP (ALT) 266 1728 mm² 12 x 144
  • FMCW transceiver
    • Integrated PLL, transmitter, receiver, baseband and ADC
    • 76 to 81GHz coverage with over 4GHz continuous bandwidth
    • 4 receive and 3 – 4 transmit channels (AWR2943 with 3 channels and AWR2944 with 4 channels) for PCB interface to antennas
    • Per transmit phase shifter
    • Ultra-accurate chirp engine based on fractional-N PLL
    • TX power
      • 13.5dBm
    • RX noise figure
      • 12dBm
    • Phase noise at 1MHz
      • -96dBc/Hz (76 to 77GHz)
      • -95dBc/Hz (76 to 81GHz)

  • Built-in calibration and self-test

    • Built in firmware (ROM)
    • Self-calibrating system across process and temperature
  • Processing elements
    • Arm Cortex-R5F core (supports lock step operation) @300MHz
    • TI digital signal processor C66x @360MHz (AWR2944/AWR2943)
    • TI radar hardware accelerator (HWA2.1) for operations like FFT, log magnitude, and memory compression.
    • Multiple EDMA instances for data movement
  • Host interface
    • 2x CAN-FD
    • 10/100Mbps RGMII/RMII/MII Ethernet (AWR2944/AWR2943)
  • Supports a serial flash memory interface (loading user application from QSPI flash memory)
  • Other interfaces available to user application
    • Up to 9 ADC channels
    • 2 SPIs
    • 4 UARTs
    • I2C
    • GPIOs
    • 3 EPWMs
    • 4-lane Aurora LVDS interface for raw ADC data and debug instrumentation (AWR2944/AWR2943)
    • CSI2 Rx interface to enable playback of the captured data (AWR2944/AWR2943)
  • On-Chip RAM
    • 3 to 4MBytes (AWR2944LC with 3MB, AWR2943 with 3.5MB, and AWR2944 with 4MB)
    • Memory space split between DSP, MCU, and shared L3
  • Device security (on select part numbers)
    • Programmable embedded hardware security module (HSM)
    • Secure authenticated and encrypted boot support
    • Customer programmable root keys, symmetric keys (256 bit), asymmetric keys (up to RSA-4K or ECC-512) with key revocation capability
    • Cryptographic hardware accelerators: PKA with ECC, AES (up to 256 bit), SHA (up to 512 bit), TRNG/DRBG
  • Functional safety compliant targeted
    • Developed for functional safety applications
    • Documentation will be available to aid ISO 26262 functional safety system design
    • Hardware integrity up to ASIL B targeted
  • AEC-Q100 qualified
  • Advanced features
    • Embedded self-monitoring with no external processor involvement
    • Embedded interference detection capability
  • Power management
    • On-die LDO network for enhanced PSRR
    • LVCMOS IO supports dual voltage 3.3V and 1.8V
  • Clock source
    • 40MHz crystal with internal oscillator
    • Supports external oscillator at 40MHz
    • Supports externally driven clock (square or sine wave) at 40MHz
  • Effective Power Management
    • Recommended LP87745-Q1 Power Management ICs (PMIC)
      • Companion PMIC specially designed to meet device power supply requirements
      • Flexible mapping and factory programmed configurations to support different use cases
  • Cost-reduced hardware design
    • 0.65mm pitch, 12mm × 12mm flip chip BGA package for easy assembly and low-cost PCB design
    • Small solution size
  • Supports automotive temperature operating range
    • Operating junction temperature range: –40°C to 140°C
  • FMCW transceiver
    • Integrated PLL, transmitter, receiver, baseband and ADC
    • 76 to 81GHz coverage with over 4GHz continuous bandwidth
    • 4 receive and 3 – 4 transmit channels (AWR2943 with 3 channels and AWR2944 with 4 channels) for PCB interface to antennas
    • Per transmit phase shifter
    • Ultra-accurate chirp engine based on fractional-N PLL
    • TX power
      • 13.5dBm
    • RX noise figure
      • 12dBm
    • Phase noise at 1MHz
      • -96dBc/Hz (76 to 77GHz)
      • -95dBc/Hz (76 to 81GHz)

  • Built-in calibration and self-test

    • Built in firmware (ROM)
    • Self-calibrating system across process and temperature
  • Processing elements
    • Arm Cortex-R5F core (supports lock step operation) @300MHz
    • TI digital signal processor C66x @360MHz (AWR2944/AWR2943)
    • TI radar hardware accelerator (HWA2.1) for operations like FFT, log magnitude, and memory compression.
    • Multiple EDMA instances for data movement
  • Host interface
    • 2x CAN-FD
    • 10/100Mbps RGMII/RMII/MII Ethernet (AWR2944/AWR2943)
  • Supports a serial flash memory interface (loading user application from QSPI flash memory)
  • Other interfaces available to user application
    • Up to 9 ADC channels
    • 2 SPIs
    • 4 UARTs
    • I2C
    • GPIOs
    • 3 EPWMs
    • 4-lane Aurora LVDS interface for raw ADC data and debug instrumentation (AWR2944/AWR2943)
    • CSI2 Rx interface to enable playback of the captured data (AWR2944/AWR2943)
  • On-Chip RAM
    • 3 to 4MBytes (AWR2944LC with 3MB, AWR2943 with 3.5MB, and AWR2944 with 4MB)
    • Memory space split between DSP, MCU, and shared L3
  • Device security (on select part numbers)
    • Programmable embedded hardware security module (HSM)
    • Secure authenticated and encrypted boot support
    • Customer programmable root keys, symmetric keys (256 bit), asymmetric keys (up to RSA-4K or ECC-512) with key revocation capability
    • Cryptographic hardware accelerators: PKA with ECC, AES (up to 256 bit), SHA (up to 512 bit), TRNG/DRBG
  • Functional safety compliant targeted
    • Developed for functional safety applications
    • Documentation will be available to aid ISO 26262 functional safety system design
    • Hardware integrity up to ASIL B targeted
  • AEC-Q100 qualified
  • Advanced features
    • Embedded self-monitoring with no external processor involvement
    • Embedded interference detection capability
  • Power management
    • On-die LDO network for enhanced PSRR
    • LVCMOS IO supports dual voltage 3.3V and 1.8V
  • Clock source
    • 40MHz crystal with internal oscillator
    • Supports external oscillator at 40MHz
    • Supports externally driven clock (square or sine wave) at 40MHz
  • Effective Power Management
    • Recommended LP87745-Q1 Power Management ICs (PMIC)
      • Companion PMIC specially designed to meet device power supply requirements
      • Flexible mapping and factory programmed configurations to support different use cases
  • Cost-reduced hardware design
    • 0.65mm pitch, 12mm × 12mm flip chip BGA package for easy assembly and low-cost PCB design
    • Small solution size
  • Supports automotive temperature operating range
    • Operating junction temperature range: –40°C to 140°C

The AWR294x is a single-chip mmWave sensor composed of a FMCW transceiver, capable of operation in the 76 to 81GHz band, radar data processing elements, and peripherals for in-vehicle networking. The AWR294x is built with TI’s low-power 45nm RFCMOS process and enables unprecedented levels of integration in a small form factor and minimal BOM. The AWR294x is a device for low-power, self-monitored, ultra-accurate radar systems in the automotive space.

TI’s low-power 45nm RFCMOS process enables a monolithic implementation of a 3-4 TX, 4 RX system with integrated PLL, VCO, mixer, and baseband ADC. Integrated in the DSP subsystem (DSS), is TI’s high-performance C66x DSP for radar signal processing. The device includes a Radio Processor Subsystem (RSS), which is responsible for radar front-end configuration, control, and calibration. Within the Main Subsystem (MSS), the device implements a user-programmable Arm Cortex-R5F processor allowing for custom control and automotive interface applications. The hardware accelerator block (HWA 2.1) supplements the DSS and MSS by offloading common radar processing such as FFT, constant false alarm rate (CFAR), scaling, and compression. This saves MIPS on the DSS and MSS, opening up resources for custom applications and higher-level algorithms.

A Hardware Security Module (HSM) is also provisioned in the device (available for only secure part variants). The HSM consists of a programmable Arm Cortex-M4 core and the necessary infrastructure to provide a secure zone of operation within the device.

Simple programming model changes can enable a wide variety of sensor implementation (Short, Mid, Long) with the possibility of dynamic reconfiguration for implementing a multimode sensor.

Additionally, the AWR294x is provided as a complete platform solution including TI hardware and software reference designs, software drivers, sample configurations, API guides, and user documentation.

The AWR294x is a single-chip mmWave sensor composed of a FMCW transceiver, capable of operation in the 76 to 81GHz band, radar data processing elements, and peripherals for in-vehicle networking. The AWR294x is built with TI’s low-power 45nm RFCMOS process and enables unprecedented levels of integration in a small form factor and minimal BOM. The AWR294x is a device for low-power, self-monitored, ultra-accurate radar systems in the automotive space.

TI’s low-power 45nm RFCMOS process enables a monolithic implementation of a 3-4 TX, 4 RX system with integrated PLL, VCO, mixer, and baseband ADC. Integrated in the DSP subsystem (DSS), is TI’s high-performance C66x DSP for radar signal processing. The device includes a Radio Processor Subsystem (RSS), which is responsible for radar front-end configuration, control, and calibration. Within the Main Subsystem (MSS), the device implements a user-programmable Arm Cortex-R5F processor allowing for custom control and automotive interface applications. The hardware accelerator block (HWA 2.1) supplements the DSS and MSS by offloading common radar processing such as FFT, constant false alarm rate (CFAR), scaling, and compression. This saves MIPS on the DSS and MSS, opening up resources for custom applications and higher-level algorithms.

A Hardware Security Module (HSM) is also provisioned in the device (available for only secure part variants). The HSM consists of a programmable Arm Cortex-M4 core and the necessary infrastructure to provide a secure zone of operation within the device.

Simple programming model changes can enable a wide variety of sensor implementation (Short, Mid, Long) with the possibility of dynamic reconfiguration for implementing a multimode sensor.

Additionally, the AWR294x is provided as a complete platform solution including TI hardware and software reference designs, software drivers, sample configurations, API guides, and user documentation.
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Top documentation Type Title Format options Date
* Data sheet AWR2943/AWR2944 Single-Chip 76 to 81GHz FMCW Radar Sensor datasheet (Rev. E) PDF | HTML 13 Feb 2026
* Errata AWR2943, AWR2944 Single-Chip 76 to 81-GHz mmWave Sensor, Silicon Rev (Rev. C) PDF | HTML 26 Nov 2024
* User guide AWR294x Technical Reference Manual (Rev. D) 28 Aug 2024
Application note Power Optimization Techniques for the AWR294x PDF | HTML 21 Mar 2025
Application note Getting Started with mmWave Sensors PDF | HTML 12 Mar 2025
Application note Flash Variants Supported by the mmWave Sensor (Rev. G) PDF | HTML 17 Dec 2024
Application note AWR294x, AWR2544 Primary and Secondary Bootloader (Rev. B) PDF | HTML 13 Dec 2024
White paper Enhanced Detections and Compute for ADAS systems with Next Gen Radar Sensors PDF | HTML 05 Dec 2024
Functional safety information Design Guide for Functional Safety Compliant Systems using mmWave Radar Sensors (Rev. A) PDF | HTML 04 Apr 2024
Functional safety information TUV SUD Functional Safety Certificate for AWR Devices (Rev. A) 11 Jan 2024
Technical article Addressing 3 power design challenges for corner radar systems PDF | HTML 22 Dec 2023
User guide AWR2944 mmWave Demo Visualizer User's Guide (Rev. A) PDF | HTML 27 Mar 2023
Application note Self-Calibration of mmWave Radar Devices (Rev. C) PDF | HTML 11 Jan 2023
Application note AWR2944 Hardware Design Checklist 21 Mar 2022
White paper How Radar is Displacing Traditional Technologies PDF | HTML 11 Feb 2022
Technical article What ADAS engineers need to know about the new NCAP requirements for radar PDF | HTML 04 Jan 2022
Design guide High-End Corner Radar Reference Design PDF | HTML 12 Nov 2021
Application note Interference Mitigation on the AWR294x PDF | HTML 12 Nov 2021
Certificate AWR2944EVM EU RoHS Declaration of Conformity (DoC) 08 Nov 2021
Application note mmWave Radar Radome Design Guide PDF | HTML 17 Aug 2021
Application note mmWave Production Testing Overview PDF | HTML 10 Apr 2021
White paper The fundamentals of millimeter wave radar sensors (Rev. A) 27 Aug 2020
Application note Programming Chirp Parameters in TI Radar Devices (Rev. A) 13 Feb 2020
Application note MIMO Radar (Rev. A) 26 Jul 2018
Application note TI mmWave Radar sensor RF PCB Design, Manufacturing and Validation Guide 07 May 2018
Application note CMOS MMIC Ready for Road – A Technology Overview 28 Feb 2018
White paper Reliability advantages of TI flip-chip BGA packaging 25 Jan 2018
White paper Moving from legacy 24GHz to state-of-the-art 77GHz radar 06 Oct 2017
White paper Cities grow smarter through innovative semiconductor technologies 07 Jul 2017
Application note System Performance Measurement With the mmWave Sensor 10 May 2017

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