toll

See also: Toll

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /təʊl/, /tɒl/
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): [t(ʰ)əʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒʊ̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ]
  • (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): [tʰɔwɫ], [tʰɔɫ]

    • Audio (Southern England):

      (file)

  • (Canada) IPA^(key): [t(ʰ)oːɫ], [t(ʰ)ɔ(ː)ɫ]
  • (US) IPA^(key): [tʰo(ʊ̯)ɫ], [tʰɑ(ː)ɫ]

    • Audio (US):

      (file)

  • (Scotland) IPA^(key): [t(ʰ)oɫ], [t(ʰ)ɔɫ]
  • (Wales, without the toe–tow merger) IPA^(key): [t(ʰ)ou̯ɫ], [t(ʰ)ɒɫ]
• Rhymes: -əʊl
• Homophone: tole (toe–tow merger)

Etymology 1

From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale.

Alternate etymology derives Old English toll from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).

Noun

toll (plural tolls)

1. A fee paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, etc.
   • 1957 October, M. D. Greville and G. O. Holt, “Railway Development in Manchester—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 726:

     Meanwhile, the tolls dispute had gone to the courts, and the E.L.R. was completely successful when, in 1856, the House of Lords awarded it the sum of £30,000 against the L.Y.R. for tolls overcharged.

2. Loss or damage incurred through a disaster.

   The war has taken its toll on the people.

3. A fee paid by the owner of materials or other goods for processing such goods, as under a tolling agreement.

   toll ore refining; toll manufacturing

4. (business, by extension) A fee for using any kind of material processing service.

   We can handle on a toll basis your needs for spray drying, repackaging, crushing and grinding, and dry blending.

5. (US) A tollbooth.

   We will be replacing some manned tolls with high-speed device readers.

6. (UK, law, obsolete) A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.
7. (obsolete, regional England) A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.

Derived terms

• antitoll
• burn the coal, pay the toll
• Cameron Toll
• death toll
• e-toll
• take a toll
• take its toll
• tollage
• toll barrier
• toll booth
• toll bridge
• toll call
• toll castle
• tolldish
• toller
• toll-free
• tollgate
• tollgatherer
• tollhouse
• tollkeeper
• toll line
• tollman
• tollmaster
• tollperson
• toll road
• tolltaker
• tollway
• tollwoman

Translations

fee for using roads and bridges

• Afrikaans: tol (af)
• Arabic: رَسْم m (rasm)
• Asturian: pealgu (ast) m
• Basque: bidesari, zubisari (historical, for bridges only)
• Belarusian: даро́жны збор m (daróžny zbor), по́шліна f (póšlina), мы́та n (mýta)
• Bulgarian: пъ́тна та́кса f (pắtna táksa)
• Catalan: peatge (ca) m, portatge m (historical), pontatge m (historical, for bridges only)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 通行費 / 通行费 (tōngxíng fèi) (road), 過路費 / 过路费 (guòlù fèi) (road), 過橋費 / 过桥费 (guòqiáo fèi) (bridge)

• Crimean Tatar: bedel
• Czech: mýtné (cs) n, mýto (cs) n
• Danish: bompenge c pl
• Dutch: tol (nl) m
• Finnish: maksu (fi), tulli (fi)
• French: péage (fr) m
• Galician: peaxe f, pedaxe f, portaxe f, portádego m (historical)
• Georgian: ბაჟი (baži), გადასახადი (gadasaxadi)
• German: Abgabe (de) f, Maut (de) f (roads, tunnels, etc.)
• Greek: διόδια (el) n pl (diódia)

  Ancient Greek: τέλεσμα n (télesma)

• Hebrew: אַגְרָה (he) f (agrá)
• Hindi: पथकर m (pathkar)
• Hungarian: útdíj (hu), vám (hu)
• Indonesian: tol (id)
• Italian: pedaggio (it) m, dazio (it) m
• Japanese: 通行料金 (つうこうりょうきん, tsūkō ryōkin), 通行料 (つうこうりょう, tsūkōryō), 有料 (ja) (ゆうりょう, yūryō)
• Korean: 통행료(通行料) (tonghaengnyo)
• Latin: portōrium n
• Low German:

  German Low German: Toll

• Macedonian: патарина f (patarina) (for roads), мостарина f (mostarina) (for bridges)
• Malay: please add this translation if you can
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: bompenger pl

  Nynorsk: bompengar pl

• Old English: toll (ang) n
• Polish: myto (pl) n, opłata drogowa f
• Portuguese: pedágio (pt) m (Brazil), portagem (pt) f (Portugal), passagem (pt) f (historical)
• Romanian: peaj (ro) n
• Russian: пла́та (ru) f (pláta) (за по́льзование доро́гой), сбор (ru) m (sbor), по́шлина (ru) f (póšlina)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: цеста̀рина f, путарина f

  Latin: cestàrina (sh) f, putarina (sh) f

• Slovak: mýtne n, mýto (sk) n
• Slovene: cestnina f, mostnina f (for bridges only)
• Spanish: peaje (es) m, portazgo (es) m (historical), pontazgo (es) m (historical, for bridges only), pontaje m (bridges), montazgo (es) m (livestock)
• Swedish: vägavgift c, vägtull (sv) n, broavgift (sv) c (for bridges)
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: باج (bac)

• Ukrainian: доро́жній збір m (doróžnij zbir), збір m (zbir), опла́та f (opláta), ми́то n (mýto)
• Vietnamese: (lệ) phí cầu đường

loss or damage

• Arabic: خَسَائِر pl (ḵasāʔir)
• Belarusian: стра́ты f pl (stráty), ахвя́ры (be) f pl (axvjáry) (casualties)
• Bulgarian: же́ртви (bg) f pl (žértvi), за́губи (bg) f pl (zágubi)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 損失 / 损失 (zh) (sǔnshī) (losses), 傷亡 / 伤亡 (zh) (shāngwáng) (casualties)

• Dutch: tol (nl) m
• Finnish: vero (fi)
• French: perte (fr) f
• Georgian: დანაკარგი (danaḳargi), მსხვერპლი (msxverṗli)
• German: Verluste (de) m pl
• Hindi: क्षतिपूर्ति (hi) f (kṣatipūrti)
• Hungarian: áldozat (hu)
• Japanese: 損失 (ja) (そんしつ, sonjitsu)
• Korean: 손실(損失) (ko) (sonsil)
• Macedonian: жртви f pl (žrtvi)
• Portuguese: perda (pt) f
• Russian: поте́ри (ru) f pl (potéri) (losses), же́ртвы (ru) f pl (žértvy) (casualties)
• Ukrainian: втра́ти f pl (vtráty), же́ртви f pl (žértvy) (casualties)

business

• Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can
• Finnish: yksikköhinta
• French: domage
• Hebrew: אַגְרָה (he) f (agrá)

tollbooth — see tollbooth

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (transitive) To impose a fee for the use of.

   Once more it is proposed to toll the East River bridges.

2. (ambitransitive) To levy a toll on (someone or something).
   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

     No Italian priest
     Shall tithe or toll in our dominions.

3. (transitive) To take as a toll.
4. To pay a toll or tallage.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

     I will buy me a sonne in Law in a faire, and toule for this. Ile none of him.

Derived terms

• tollable
• untolled

Translations

to impose a fee

• Bulgarian: взимам такса (vzimam taksa)
• Finnish: tehdä maksulliseksi
• French: taxer (fr)
• Hungarian: díjat szed, díjat számít fel

to levy a toll

• Bulgarian: налагам мито (nalagam mito)
• Finnish: määrätä maksu
• Hungarian: vámol (hu), megvámol (hu)

to take as a toll

• Bulgarian: взимам жертви (vzimam žertvi)
• Finnish: rahastaa (fi)

Descendants

• → Bulgarian: тол (tol)

Etymology 2

Probably the same as Etymology 3. Possibly related to or influenced by toil

Noun

toll (plural tolls)

1. The act or sound of ringing a bell, especially slowly, as with a church or cemetery bell.

Translations

act or sound of tolling

• Bulgarian: камбанен звън m (kambanen zvăn)
• Finnish: soittaminen (fi) (act), soitto (fi) (sound)
• French: sonnerie (fr) f
• Hungarian: harangszó (hu), harangzúgás (hu), kongás (hu), (the act) kongatás (hu)
• Russian: (колоко́льный) звон (ru) m (zvon), бла́говест (ru) m (blágovest) (ecclesiastic term)
• Swedish: kimning

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

2. (ergative) To ring (a bell) slowly and repeatedly.

   Martin tolled the great bell every day.

   Ask not for whom the bell tolls.

   • 1922 February 2, James Joyce, “[[Episode 12: The Cyclops]]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company […], →OCLC:

     From the belfries far and near the funereal deathbell tolled unceasingly while all around the gloomy precincts rolled the ominous warning of a hundred muffled drums punctuated by the hollow booming of pieces of ordnance.

3. (transitive) To summon by ringing a bell.

   The ringer tolled the workers back from the fields for vespers.

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     When hollow murmurs of their evening bells
     Dismiss the sleepy swains, and toll them to their cells.

4. (transitive) To announce by ringing a bell.

   The bells tolled the King’s death.

   • 1771, James Beattie, The Minstrel; or, The Progress of Genius. A Poem. Book the First, London: […] E[dward] & C[harles] Dilly, […]; Edinburgh: A[lexander] Kincaid and W[illiam] Creech; and J[ohn] Bell, […], →OCLC, stanza XLI, page 21:

     Slow tolls the village-clock the drowſy hour;
     The partridge burſts away on whirring wings;
     Deep mourns the turtle in ſequeſter'd bower,
     And ſhrill lark carols clear from her aereal tour.

5. (figuratively) To make a sound as if made by a bell.
   • 1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, “Chief White Halfoat”, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC, page 213:

     The chaplain's first mention of the name Yossarian! had tolled deep in his memory like a portentous gong.

Derived terms

• toller
• untolled

Translations

to make the noise of a bell

• Bulgarian: бия (bg) (bija)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 敲 (zh) (qiāo), 鳴 / 鸣 (zh) (míng)

• Czech: zvonit (cs)
• Dutch: luiden (nl)
• Finnish: soittaa (fi) (transitive), soida (fi) (intransitive)
• French: sonner (fr)
• Georgian: რეკვა (reḳva)
• German: läuten (de)
• Hungarian: kong (hu), szól (hu), zúg (hu)
• Ido: tinklar (io)
• Ingrian: pumissa
• Italian: suonare (it)
• Kabuverdianu: rapika
• Macedonian: ѕво́ни (dzvóni)
• Māori: pere, pere
• Portuguese: anunciar (pt), badalar (pt)
• Russian: звони́ть (ru) impf (zvonítʹ), позвони́ть (ru) pf (pozvonítʹ)
• Spanish: tocar (es)
• Swedish: klämta (sv)

to ring a bell slowly and repeatedly

• Finnish: soittaa (fi)
• French: sonner le glas (fr)
• Galician: badalar (gl)
• Hungarian: kongat (hu), megkongat (hu)
• Māori: pere
• Swedish: kimma

to summon by ringing a bell

• Finnish: soittaa (fi)
• Georgian: რეკვა (reḳva)
• Ido: tinklar (io)
• Māori: pere
• Russian: звони́ть (ru) impf (zvonítʹ), позвони́ть (ru) pf (pozvonítʹ) (в ко́локол)

to announce by tolling

• Finnish: soittaa (fi)
• Russian: бла́говестить (ru) (blágovestitʹ), благовести́ть (ru) (blagovestítʹ)

Usage notes

A tolling bell refers to a slow sound, as at a funeral, while the tocsin refers to a fast sound, as in alarm.

Etymology 3

From Middle English tolen, tollen, variation of tullen, tillen (“to draw, allure, entice”), from Old English *tyllan, *tillan (“to pull, draw, attract”) (found in compounds fortyllan (“to seduce, lead astray, draw away from the mark, deceive”) and betyllan, betillan (“to lure, decoy”)), related to Old Frisian tilla (“to lift, raise”), Dutch tillen (“to lift, raise, weigh, buy”), Low German tillen (“to lift, remove”), Swedish dialectal tille (“to take up, appropriate”).

Alternative forms

• tole, toal

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To draw; pull; tug; drag.
2. (transitive) To tear in pieces.
3. (transitive) To draw; entice; invite; allure.

   Hou many virgins shal she tolle and drawe to þe Lord - "Life of Our Lady"

4. (transitive) To lure with bait; tole (especially, fish and animals).

Synonyms

• (to lure animals): bait, lure

Translations

entice — see entice

to lure with bait

• Bulgarian: примамвам (bg) (primamvam)
• Finnish: narrata (fi)

Etymology 4

From Latin tollō (“to lift up”).

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (law, obsolete) To take away; to vacate; to annul.
2. (law) To suspend.

   The statute of limitations defense was tolled as a result of the defendant’s wrongful conduct.

Translations

legal:to suspend

• Finnish: siirtää (fi)

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

toll

1. (African-American Vernacular) simple past and past participle of tell

   I done toll you for the last time.

References

• “toll”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “toll”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

See also

• toll gene, toll-like (etymologically unrelated to the above)

Catalan

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”). (Compare Irish toll, Welsh twll, both meaning "hole" and Asturian tollu meaning "quagmire".)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈtuʎ]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈtoʎ]

Noun

toll m (plural tolls)

1. pool, puddle

References

• “toll”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “toll”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Cornish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *tull, from Proto-Celtic *tullos (“hollow”). Cognate with Welsh twll.

Noun

toll m (plural tell)

1. hole, opening
2. orifice
3. burrow
4. (low-class bar) dive

Derived terms

• toll boton (“button hole”)
• toll konin (“rabbit burrow”)
• toll lavrek (“fly (trousers)”)
• toll y'n fos (“cash machine, ATM”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English toll.

Noun

toll f (plural tollow)

1. toll, tax, customs
2. (taxation) duty
3. (charge) rate

Derived terms

• heb toll (“tax-free”)
• kevradh toll (“tax rate”)
• toll an penn (“poll tax”)
• toll annedh (“property tax”)
• toll brenas (“purchase tax”)
• toll dhaswerth (“value added tax”)
• toll dhowr (“water rate”)
• toll dir (“land tax”)
• toll wober (“income tax”)

Etymology 3

Related to Welsh twyll; both possibly from Latin tēla.

Noun

toll m (uncountable)

1. deceit, fraud, disappointment

Derived terms

• heb toll na gil (“sincerely”)

Mutation

Mutation of toll

radical	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
toll	doll	tholl	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtolʲː/, [ˈtolʲː]
• Rhymes: -olʲː
• Hyphenation: toll

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Low German tolne.

Noun

toll (genitive tolli, partitive tolli)

1. duty (tax)

   Synonyms: tollimaks, tollilõiv

   Sissetoodavatele kaupadele kehtestati tollid.

   Duties were imposed on the imported goods.

   1. (figurative) cut, share (portion of something)

      Synonyms: vahekasu, vaheltkasu

      Vahendaja sai pakkide pealt kena tolli.

      The broker got a good cut from the packages.

2. customs (government agency)

   Synonyms: tollipunkt, tollikontroll

   Võtab aega, enne kui kõik turistid on tollist läbi jõudnud.

   It's gonna take some time until all the tourists pass customs.

Declension

Declension of toll (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		toll	tollid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	tolli
genitive			tollide
partitive		tolli	tolle tollisid
illative		tolli tollisse	tollidesse tollesse
inessive		tollis	tollides tolles
elative		tollist	tollidest tollest
allative		tollile	tollidele tollele
adessive		tollil	tollidel tollel
ablative		tollilt	tollidelt tollelt
translative		tolliks	tollideks tolleks
terminative		tollini	tollideni
essive		tollina	tollidena
abessive		tollita	tollideta
comitative		tolliga	tollidega

Derived terms

verbs

• tollima

Compounds

• eelistustoll
• eksporditoll
• enamsoodustustoll
• imporditoll
• kaitsetoll
• keelutoll
• sisetoll
• sisseveotoll
• soolatoll
• topelttoll
• transiiditoll
• veskitoll
• viljatoll
• väljaveotoll

• tollialane
• tollialune
• tolliamet
• tolliametnik
• tolliasutus
• tollibarjäär
• tollideklaratsioon
• tollieeskiri
• tolliformaalsus
• tollihoone
• tolliinfo
• tolliinspektor
• tolliinspektuur
• tollikitsendus
• tollikontroll
• tollikonventsioon
• tolliladu
• tollilagi
• tollileping
• tolliliit
• tollilõiv
• tollimaja
• tollimaks
• tollimäär
• tollimüür
• tollioksjon
• tollipiir
• tollipiirang
• tollipoliitika
• tolliprotseduur
• tollipunkt
• tolliraamat
• tolliregaal
• tollirežiim
• tollirevisjon
• tolliseadus
• tollisoodustus
• tollisõda
• tollitariif
• tolliterritoorium
• tollitrahv
• tollitsoon
• tollitulu
• tollitõke
• tollivaba
• tollivõlg
• tolliväärtus
• tollkeere

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Low German tol.

Noun

toll (genitive tolli, partitive tolli)

1. inch (English unit of length)

Declension

Declension of toll (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		toll	tollid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	tolli
genitive			tollide
partitive		tolli	tolle tollisid
illative		tolli tollisse	tollidesse tollesse
inessive		tollis	tollides tolles
elative		tollist	tollidest tollest
allative		tollile	tollidele tollele
adessive		tollil	tollidel tollel
ablative		tollilt	tollidelt tollelt
translative		tolliks	tollideks tolleks
terminative		tollini	tollideni
essive		tollina	tollidena
abessive		tollita	tollideta
comitative		tolliga	tollidega

Derived terms

adjectives

• tolliline
• tolline

adverbs

• tolligi

phrases

• iga toll
• mitte üks toll

Compounds

• ruuttoll
• tollhaaval
• tollipaksune
• tollipikkune
• tollipulk
• tollipuu
• tollkeere

References

• toll in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “toll”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
• “toll”, in [SP] Eesti keele sõnapered [Estonian Word Families] (in Estonian) (online version, continuously updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012–

German

Etymology

From Middle High German tol, from Old High German tol, from Proto-West Germanic *dol, from Proto-Germanic *dulaz (“dazed, foolish, crazy, stupid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔl/, [tʰɔl]

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: toll

Adjective

toll (strong nominative masculine singular toller, comparative toller, superlative am tollsten)

1. (colloquial) great, nice, wonderful

   Synonyms: cool, geil

   ‚Katjuscha‘ ist ein tolles Lied. ― ‘Katyusha’ is a great song.

2. (dated) crazy, mad

   Synonym: verrückt

   • 1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Walpurgisnacht”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One]‎^[2]:

     Laß uns aus dem Gedräng’ entweichen; / Es ist zu toll, sogar für meines gleichen.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1924, Thomas Mann, Der Zauberberg [The Magic Mountain], volume 1, Berlin: S. Fischer, page 141:

     Wie aus weiter Ferne hörte er Frau Stöhr etwas erzählen oder behaupten, was ihm als so tolles Zeug erschien, daß er in verwirrte Zweifel geriet, ob er noch richtig höre oder ob Frau Stöhrs Äußerungen sich vielleicht in seinem Kopfe zu Unsinn verwandelten.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Positive forms of toll

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist toll	sie ist toll	es ist toll	sie sind toll
strong declension (without article)	nominative	toller	tolle	tolles	tolle
	genitive	tollen	toller	tollen	toller
	dative	tollem	toller	tollem	tollen
	accusative	tollen	tolle	tolles	tolle
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der tolle	die tolle	das tolle	die tollen
	genitive	des tollen	der tollen	des tollen	der tollen
	dative	dem tollen	der tollen	dem tollen	den tollen
	accusative	den tollen	die tolle	das tolle	die tollen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein toller	eine tolle	ein tolles	(keine) tollen
	genitive	eines tollen	einer tollen	eines tollen	(keiner) tollen
	dative	einem tollen	einer tollen	einem tollen	(keinen) tollen
	accusative	einen tollen	eine tolle	ein tolles	(keine) tollen

Comparative forms of toll

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist toller	sie ist toller	es ist toller	sie sind toller
strong declension (without article)	nominative	tollerer	tollere	tolleres	tollere
	genitive	tolleren	tollerer	tolleren	tollerer
	dative	tollerem	tollerer	tollerem	tolleren
	accusative	tolleren	tollere	tolleres	tollere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der tollere	die tollere	das tollere	die tolleren
	genitive	des tolleren	der tolleren	des tolleren	der tolleren
	dative	dem tolleren	der tolleren	dem tolleren	den tolleren
	accusative	den tolleren	die tollere	das tollere	die tolleren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein tollerer	eine tollere	ein tolleres	(keine) tolleren
	genitive	eines tolleren	einer tolleren	eines tolleren	(keiner) tolleren
	dative	einem tolleren	einer tolleren	einem tolleren	(keinen) tolleren
	accusative	einen tolleren	eine tollere	ein tolleres	(keine) tolleren

Superlative forms of toll

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am tollsten	sie ist am tollsten	es ist am tollsten	sie sind am tollsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	tollster	tollste	tollstes	tollste
	genitive	tollsten	tollster	tollsten	tollster
	dative	tollstem	tollster	tollstem	tollsten
	accusative	tollsten	tollste	tollstes	tollste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der tollste	die tollste	das tollste	die tollsten
	genitive	des tollsten	der tollsten	des tollsten	der tollsten
	dative	dem tollsten	der tollsten	dem tollsten	den tollsten
	accusative	den tollsten	die tollste	das tollste	die tollsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein tollster	eine tollste	ein tollstes	(keine) tollsten
	genitive	eines tollsten	einer tollsten	eines tollsten	(keiner) tollsten
	dative	einem tollsten	einer tollsten	einem tollsten	(keinen) tollsten
	accusative	einen tollsten	eine tollste	ein tollstes	(keine) tollsten

Derived terms

• supertoll
• Tollheit
• Tollwut

Related terms

• doll

Further reading

• “toll” in Duden online
• “toll”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[3] (in German)

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *tulka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtolː]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -olː

Noun

toll (plural tollak)

1. feather (a branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display)
2. feather (a feather-like fin or wing on objects, such as an arrow)
3. pen (a tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks)
4. (figuratively) pen (a writer, or his style)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	toll	tollak
accusative	tollat	tollakat
dative	tollnak	tollaknak
instrumental	tollal	tollakkal
causal-final	tollért	tollakért
translative	tollá	tollakká
terminative	tollig	tollakig
essive-formal	tollként	tollakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	tollban	tollakban
superessive	tollon	tollakon
adessive	tollnál	tollaknál
illative	tollba	tollakba
sublative	tollra	tollakra
allative	tollhoz	tollakhoz
elative	tollból	tollakból
delative	tollról	tollakról
ablative	tolltól	tollaktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	tollé	tollaké
non-attributive possessive – plural	tolléi	tollakéi

Possessive forms of toll

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	tollam	tollaim
2nd person sing.	tollad	tollaid
3rd person sing.	tolla	tollai
1st person plural	tollunk	tollaink
2nd person plural	tollatok	tollaitok
3rd person plural	tolluk	tollaik

Derived terms

• tollas
• tollasodik
• tollatlan
• tollazat
• tollászkodik
• tollú

Compound words

• darutoll
• filctoll
• golyóstoll
• írótoll
• kócsagtoll
• libatoll
• tolldísz
• tolltartó
• töltőtoll

Further reading

• toll in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtʰɔtl̥]
• Rhymes: -ɔtl̥

Noun

toll

1. indefinite accusative singular of tollur

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /t̪ˠoːl̪ˠ/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /t̪ˠəul̪ˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /t̪ˠɞl̪ˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”), from Proto-Celtic *tullos (“hollow”). Cognate with Welsh twll.

Noun

toll m (genitive singular toill, nominative plural toill)

1. hole, hollow
2. posterior, buttocks

Declension

Declension of toll (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative toll toill vocative a thoill a tholla genitive toill toll dative toll toill forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an toll na toill genitive an toill na dtoll dative leis an toll don toll leis na toill

Derived terms

• tollán (“tunnel”)
• tollmhór (“big-bottomed; bumptious”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish toll (“pierced, perforated; hollow, empty”). See Etymology 1 above.

Adjective

toll (genitive singular masculine toill, genitive singular feminine toille, plural tolla, comparative toille)

1. pierced, perforated
2. hollow, empty; (of voice) deep, hollow

Declension

Declension of toll

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	toll	tholl	tolla; tholla2
vocative	thoill		tolla
genitive		toille	tolla	toll
dative	toll; tholl1	tholl; thoill (archaic)	tolla; tholla2
Comparative	níos toille
Superlative	is toille

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Etymology 3

From Middle Irish tollaid (“to pierce, penetrate”). See Etymology 1 above.

Verb

toll (present analytic tollann, future analytic tollfaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollta)

1. to bore, to pierce, to perforate

Conjugation

Conjugation of toll (first conjugation – A)

indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	tollaim	tollann tú; tollair†	tollann sé, sí	tollaimid; tollann muid	tollann sibh	tollann siad; tollaid†	a thollann; a thollas	tolltar
past	tholl mé; thollas	tholl tú; thollais	tholl sé, sí	thollamar; tholl muid	tholl sibh; thollabhair	tholl siad; tholladar	a tholl	tolladh
past habitual	thollainn / tollainn‡	tholltá / tolltá‡	tholladh sé, sí / tolladh sé, sí‡	thollaimis; tholladh muid / tollaimis‡; tolladh muid‡	tholladh sibh / tolladh sibh‡	thollaidís; tholladh siad / tollaidís‡; tolladh siad‡	a tholladh	tholltaí / tolltaí‡
	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	tollfaidh mé; tollfad	tollfaidh tú; tollfair†	tollfaidh sé, sí	tollfaimid; tollfaidh muid	tollfaidh sibh	tollfaidh siad; tollfaid†	a thollfaidh; a thollfas	tollfar
conditional	thollfainn / tollfainn‡	thollfá / tollfá‡	thollfadh sé, sí / tollfadh sé, sí‡	thollfaimis; thollfadh muid / tollfaimis‡; tollfadh muid‡	thollfadh sibh / tollfadh sibh‡	thollfaidís; thollfadh siad / tollfaidís‡; tollfadh siad‡	a thollfadh	thollfaí / tollfaí‡
subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	go dtolla mé; go dtollad†	go dtolla tú; go dtollair†	go dtolla sé, sí	go dtollaimid; go dtolla muid	go dtolla sibh	go dtolla siad; go dtollaid†	—	go dtolltar
past	dá dtollainn	dá dtolltá	dá dtolladh sé, sí	dá dtollaimis; dá dtolladh muid	dá dtolladh sibh	dá dtollaidís; dá dtolladh siad	—	dá dtolltaí
imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
—	tollaim	toll	tolladh sé, sí	tollaimis	tollaigí; tollaidh†	tollaidís	—	tolltar
past participle	tollta
verbal noun	tolladh

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Derived terms

• tolladóir (“borer, piercer, perforator”)
• tollbhealach (“adit”)
• tollchárta (“punch-card”)
• tolltach (“piercing, penetrating”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of toll

radical	lenition	eclipsis
toll	tholl	dtoll

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Jamtish

Etymology

From Old Norse þollr, from Proto-Germanic *þullaz.

Pronunciation

• (Brunflo, Hällesjö) IPA^(key): [¹t̪ʰɔl̪ː]
• (Berg) IPA^(key): [¹t̪ʰɞ̞l̪ː]
• (Stugun) IPA^(key): [¹t̪ʰol̪ː]
• (Fors) IPA^(key): [¹t̪ʰɒl̪ː]

Noun

toll m

1. pine, Scots pine tree, Pinus sylvestris

Declension

Declension of toll (strong long u-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	toll	toll'enn	tollar	tollan
dative	toll	toll'a	tollar	tollum
compound-genitive	toller, toll	―	tolle	―
vocative	toll	―	toller	―

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English toll, from Proto-Germanic *tullō.

Alternative forms

• tol, tolle, thol, toale, theol

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔl/, /tɔːl/

Noun

toll (plural tolles)

2. A toll, tax, or charge.
3. The privilege to levy fees or charges.
4. A waiver from any fees or charges.
5. (rare) taxation, payment.
6. (rare) An edge, point of difference

Related terms

• tolboth
• tollen
• toller
• tolsey
• tollynge

Descendants

• English: toll
• → Middle Welsh: toll
  • Welsh: toll
• Scots: towl

References

• “tol, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 May 2018.

Etymology 2

Verb

toll

2. alternative form of tollen (“to bring”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Late Latin teloneum and Old Norse tollr.

Noun

toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural toller, definite plural tollene)

1. duty (customs duty, excise duty)
2. customs

   gå gjennom tollen ― to go through customs

Derived terms

• tollbarriere
• tollbod
• tolldeklarasjon
• tollfri

References

• “toll” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þǫll, from Proto-Norse *ᚦᚨᛚᚢ (*þallu), from Proto-Germanic *þallō. Cognate with Jamtish toll, Icelandic þöll.

Alternative forms

• tall

Dialectal forms

• tøll (Hallingdal, opp, Telemark)
• tall (Øysterdal)
• taull
• todl
• todd (Setesdal)
• tødd
• tæll

Noun

toll f (definite singular tolla, indefinite plural toller, definite plural tollene)

1. (young) pine

   Synonym: fure

   • 1908, Ivar Kleiven, I Heimegrendi : Minne fraa Seksti-Aarom, Kristiania: Aschehoug:

     tolli stod tjukk som hampen so langt me kunde sjå

     the pine[s] stood thick as hemp for as long as we could see

2. soft pine wood

Derived terms

• gortoll
• tollbar
• tollfure
• tollholt
• tollskog
• tolltopp

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tollr, from Middle Low German tol, from Old Saxon tolna, from Medieval Latin toloneum.

Noun

toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural tollar, definite plural tollane)

1. duty (customs duty, excise duty)
2. customs

   gå gjennom tollen ― to go through customs

Derived terms

• tollbarriere
• tolldeklarasjon
• tollfri

References

• “toll” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”).

Alternate etymology derives toll from Proto-Germanic *tollą, from Vulgar Latin toloneum, from Late Latin teloneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).

Germanic cognates include Old Saxon tol (Dutch tol), Old High German zol (German Zoll), Old Norse tollr (Swedish tull). See also parallel forms represented by Old English toln.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toll/, [toɫ]
• Rhymes: -oll

Noun

toll n or m

1. tax, toll, fare

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	toll	toll
accusative	toll	toll
genitive	tolles	tolla
dative	tolle	tollum

It also appears as masculine: Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	toll	tollas
accusative	toll	tollas
genitive	tolles	tolla
dative	tolle	tollum

Derived terms

• sċiptoll
• tollere

Descendants

• Middle English: toll
  • English: toll
  • Scots: towl

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tullos (“hollow”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ol̪/

Adjective

toll

1. pierced, leaky

Declension

o/ā-stem

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	toll	toll	toll
vocative	tuill* toll**
accusative	toll	tuill
genitive	tuill	tuille	tuill
dative	toll	tuill	toll
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	tuill	tolla
vocative	tullu tolla†
accusative	tullu tolla†
genitive	toll
dative	tollaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Noun

toll m

1. hole, hollow
2. fault, want

Declension

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	toll	tollL	tuillL
vocative	tuill	tollL	tulluH
accusative	tollN	tollL	tulluH
genitive	tuillL	toll	tollN
dative	tollL	tollaib	tollaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: toll
• Manx: towl
• Scottish Gaelic: toll

Mutation

Mutation of toll

radical	lenition	nasalization
toll	tholl	toll pronounced with /d̪-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 toll”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 toll”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ʰɔul̪ˠ/
• (mid and south Argyll) IPA^(key): /t̪ʰol̪ˠ(ː)/, [tol̥ʷˑ]

Etymology 1

From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”), from Proto-Celtic *tullos (“pierced, hollow”), see also Middle Low German stoken (“to stab, to prickle”), German stochern (“to pick, to poke”), Sanskrit दति (tudáti, “to push, to strike, to jab, to pierce”).

Noun

toll m (genitive singular tuill, plural tuill)

1. hole, cavity, puncture, hollow
2. crevice, perforation
3. pit
4. socket
5. (nautical) hold of a ship
6. (vulgar) arse

Derived terms

• gaoth tro tholl (“draught”)
• toll-putain (“buttonhole”)
• tolltach (“full of holes”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish tollaid (“to pierce, penetrate”), from Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow”). See Etymology 1 above.

Verb

toll (past tholl, future tollaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollte)

1. bore, piece, drill, perforate

Skolt Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.

Noun

toll

1. fire

Inflection

Even â-stem, lˈl-l gradation
Nominative	toll
Genitive	tool
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	toll	tool
Accusative	tool	toolid
Genitive	tool	tooli
Illative	toʹlle	toolid
Locative	toolâst	toolin
Comitative	toolin	toolivuiʹm
Abessive	tooltää	toolitää
Essive	tollân
Partitive	tollâd
Possessive forms Singular Dual Plural 1st person — — — 2nd person — — — 3rd person — — —

Further reading

• Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[4], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Ter Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.

Noun

toll

1. fire

Further reading

• Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Welsh

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Welsh toll, from Middle English toll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toːɬ/
• Rhymes: -oːɬ

Noun

toll f (plural tollau)

1. toll, duty, levy, excise

   Synonym: ecséis

Derived terms

• tollborth (“tollgate”)
• tollfa, tollty (“tollhouse”)
• tollffordd (“toll road”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of toll

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
toll	doll	nholl	tholl

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “toll”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “toll”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies