Wiktionary

lock

See also: Lock, Löck, and -lock

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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A key lock (etymology 1, noun sense 1)
 
A lock (etymology 1, noun sense 3)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *lewg-der.
Proto-Germanic *luką
Proto-West Germanic *lok
Old English loc
Middle English lok
English lock

    From Middle English lok, from Old English loc, from Proto-West Germanic *lok, from Proto-Germanic *luką from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend; turn”).

    Cognate with Cimbrian loch, lòch (“hole”), Dutch lok (“hole”), German Loch (“hole”), German Low German Lock (“hole”), Luxembourgish Lach (“hole”), Vilamovian łöch (“hole”), Yiddish לאָך (lokh, “hole”), Danish låg (“lid, cover”), Norwegian Bokmål lokk (“lid, cover”), Norwegian Nynorsk lok, lokk (“lid, cover”).

    more detail

    The verb is from Middle English locken, lokken, louken, from Old English lūcan, Proto-West Germanic *lūkan, from Proto-Germanic *lūkaną. Cognate with Dutch luiken (“to close, to shut”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål lukke (“to close, to shut”), Faroese lúka (“to end, to finish”), Icelandic ljúka (“to close, to shut”), Norwegian Nynorsk lukka (“to close, to shut”). Related to luxe via Latin.

    Noun

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    lock (plural locks)

    2. Something used for fastening, which can only be opened with a key or combination.
      • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:
        "Give me the key," said my mother; and though the lock was very stiff, she had turned it and thrown back the lid in a twinkling.
      • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter XIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
        We tiptoed into the house, up the stairs and along the hall into the room where the Professor had been spending so much of his time. 'Twas locked, of course, but the Deacon man got a big bunch of keys out of his pocket and commenced to putter with the lock.
    3. (computing, by extension) A mutex or other token restricting access to a resource.
      • 2005, Karl Kopper, The Linux Enterprise Cluster:
        [T]he application must first acquire a lock on a file or a portion of a file before reading data and modifying it.
    5. A segment of a canal or other navigable waterway enclosed by gates, used for raising and lowering boats between levels.
      • 1846, William Makepeace Thackeray, Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo:
        Here the canal came to a check, ending abruptly with a large lock.
    7. (firearms) The firing mechanism.
    8. Complete control over a situation.
      • 2003, Charley Rosen, The Wizard of Odds:
        Even though he had not yet done so, Jack felt he had a lock on the game.
    9. Something sure to be a success.
      • 2004, Avery Corman, A perfect divorce:
        Brian thinks she's a lock to get a scholarship somewhere.
    10. (gambling) Synonym of Dutch book.
    11. (rugby) A player in the scrum behind the front row, usually the tallest members of the team.
      • 2011 September 24, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 67-3 Romania”, in BBC Sport:
        Ashton only had to wait three minutes for his second try, lock Louis Deacon setting it up with a rollocking line-break, before Romania got on the scoreboard courtesy of a penalty from fly-half Marin Danut Dumbrava.
    12. A fastening together or interlacing; a closing of one thing upon another; a state of being fixed or immovable.
      • 1834 September–November; 1835 January, Thomas De Quincey, “Samuel Taylor Coleridge”, in Autobiographic Sketches: With Recollections of the Lakes (De Quincey’s Works; II), London: James Hogg & Sons, →OCLC, page 207:
        [O]n may of his lecture days I have seen all Albemarle Street closed by a "lock" of carriages, filled with women of distinction, until the servants of the Institution or their own footmen advanced to the carriage-doors with the intelligence that Mr. Coleridge had been suddenly taken ill.
    13. A place impossible to get out of, as by a lock.
      • 1697, Virgil, “The Fifth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
        Sergestus, eager with his beak to press / Betwixt the rival galley and the rock, / Shuts up the unwieldy Centaur in the lock
    14. A device for keeping a wheel from turning.
    15. A grapple in wrestling.
    Hyponyms
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    Derived terms
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    Derived terms of lock (noun) without hyponyms
    Descendants
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    • Tok Pisin: lok
    • → Hawaiian: laka
    Translations
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    Verb

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    lock (third-person singular simple present locks, present participle locking, simple past locked, past participle locked or (obsolete) locken)

    1. (intransitive) To become fastened in place.
      If you put the brakes on too hard, the wheels will lock.
      • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter XIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
        We tiptoed into the house, up the stairs and along the hall into the room where the Professor had been spending so much of his time. 'Twas locked, of course, but the Deacon man got a big bunch of keys out of his pocket and commenced to putter with the lock.
    2. (transitive) To fasten with a lock.
      Antonym: unlock
      Remember to lock the door when you leave.
    3. (intransitive) To be capable of becoming fastened in place.
      Antonym: unlock
      This door locks with a key.
    4. (transitive) To intertwine or dovetail.
      Synonyms: braid, lace, twine; see also Thesaurus:intertwine
      with his hands locked behind his back
      We locked arms and stepped out into the night.
    5. (intransitive, break dancing) To freeze one's body or a part thereof in place.
      a pop and lock routine
    6. To furnish (a canal) with locks.
    7. To raise or lower (a boat) in a lock.
    8. To seize (e.g. the sword arm of an antagonist) by turning one's left arm around it, to disarm them.
    9. (Internet, transitive) To modify (a thread) so that users cannot make new posts in it.
    10. (Internet, wiki jargon, transitive) To prevent a page from being edited by other users.
      Frequently-vandalized pages are generally locked to prevent further damage.
    11. (intransitive, rugby) To play in the position of lock.
      • 1980, Ken Berry, chapter 14, in First Offender, Auckland: Collins, page 117:
        Please don't disappoint me - you are female, aren't you? I have a lingering suspicion that you are 17 stone and lock for Tarankai.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    break dancing: to freeze one's body or a part thereof in place

    Etymology 2

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    From Middle English lok, lokke, from Old English locc (“hair of the head, hair, lock of hair, curl, ringlet”), from Proto-West Germanic *lokk, from Proto-Germanic *lukkaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lugnó-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend”).

    Cognate with Alemannic German lokha (“hair”), Dutch lok (“lock of hair, curl”), German Locke (“lock of hair, curl”), Danish lok (“lock of hair, curl”), Faroese, Icelandic lokkur (“lock of hair, curl”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk lokk (“lock of hair, curl”), Swedish lock (“lock of hair, curl”). It has been theorised that the word may be related to the Gothic verb *𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (*lukan, “to shut”) in its ancient meaning "to curb".

    Noun

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    lock (plural locks)

    2. A tuft or length of hair, wool, etc.
    3. A small quantity of straw etc.
    4. (Scots law, historical) A quantity of meal, the perquisite of a mill-servant.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    Anagrams

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    German

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    lock

    1. singular imperative of locken
    2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of locken

    Adjective

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    lock (not comparable)

    1. Only used in auf lock.

    Swedish

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    ett lock till en gryta [a lid for a pot]
     
    ett plastlock [a plastic lid]
     
    log cabin (bottom floor) with board panel (top floor) with thinner, protruding "cover" boards (noun 2 sense 3)), giving the upper wall a striped appearance.

    Etymology

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    From Old Norse lok, lokkr, from Proto-Germanic *lukkaz.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    lock c

    1. (often in the plural) a lock of hair, a curl of hair

    Declension

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    Declension of lock
    nominative genitive
    singular indefinite lock locks
    definite locken lockens
    plural indefinite lockar lockars
    definite lockarna lockarnas

    Derived terms

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    Noun

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    lock n

    1. a lid, (when referring to a lid) a cover
      Hon skruvade av locket på burken
      She unscrewed the lid of the jar
      locket på soptunnan
      the lid of the trash can
      ett lock till en kastrull
      a lid for a saucepan
      toalettlock
      toilet lid / toilet seat cover
      1. a cap (when a lid, or often more generally for caps at the end of tubes)
        Jag öppnade locket på schampoflaskan
        I opened the cap of the shampoo bottle
        skruva av plastlocket på kaviartuben
        unscrew the plastic cap on the kaviar tube
    2. popping (as when ears pop)[1]
      Få lock för örat.
      Be deafened.
    4. a (thin) board that covers the gap between panel boards
    5. call, lure (uninflected, from the verb locka)
      med lock och pock

    Declension

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    Declension of lock
    nominative genitive
    singular indefinite lock locks
    definite locket lockets
    plural indefinite lock locks
    definite locken lockens

    Derived terms

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    • Få lock för örat: be deafened. When you have bad hearing from the change in air pressure due to an air plane flight. So it’s sort of like having a casserole cover in your ear [2]
    • grytlock
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    See also

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    References

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    1. ^ Grief Gondola, #2 by Tomas Tranströmer, verse VI
    2. ^ [1]
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