Phillipsite-K
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Phillipsite-K
William Phillips
Formula:
K6(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Also given as (K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O.
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4 - 5
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after William Phillips (1775-1828), English mineralogist and founder of the Geologial Society of London. The K-dominant member of the phillipsite series.
Zeolite Group. Phillipsite-Ca-Phillipsite-K Series, and the Phillipsite-K-Phillipsite-Na Series.
May be confused with merlinoite.
See also the closely related flörkeite.
May be confused with merlinoite.
See also the closely related flörkeite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7228
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7228:7
IMA Classification of Phillipsite-K
Approved
Classification of Phillipsite-K
9.GC.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
C : Chains of doubly-connected 4-membered rings
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
C : Chains of doubly-connected 4-membered rings
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Php-K | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Php | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Physical Properties of Phillipsite-K
Optical Data of Phillipsite-K
Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.483 - 1.505 nβ = 1.484 - 1.511 nγ = 1.486 - 1.514
2V:
Measured: 60° to 90°, Calculated: 70° to 72°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.003 - 0.009
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v or r < v
Chemistry of Phillipsite-K
Mindat Formula:
K6(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Also given as (K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O.
Also given as (K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O.
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Phillipsite-K
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.8881 Å, b = 14.4040 Å, c = 8.6848 Å
β = 124.2711°
β = 124.2711°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.686 : 1 : 0.603
Unit Cell V:
1,022.20 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Data from Gualtieri (2000).
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0012860 | Phillipsite-K | Gualtieri A F (2000) Accuracy of XRPD QPA using the combined Rietveld-RIR method Journal of Applied Crystallography 33 267-278 | 2000 | Vallerano, Rome, Italy | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Loading XRD data...
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 9 : Lava/xenolith minerals (hornfels, sanidinite facies) | |
| 10 : Basalt-hosted zeolite minerals | |
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
| 17 : Marine authigenic Hadean minerals (see also #24) | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| 24 : Authigenic minerals in terrestrial sediments (see also #17) | |
| 25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 48 : Soil leaching zone minerals | <0.6 |
Type Occurrence of Phillipsite-K
Synonyms of Phillipsite-K
Abrazite (in part)
Other Language Names for Phillipsite-K
German:Phillipsit-K
Russian:Филлипсит-K
Relationship of Phillipsite-K to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Phillipsite Subgroup:
| Harmotome | Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Phillipsite-Ca | Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Phillipsite-Na | (Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 68 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 30 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| 29 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Chabazite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| 29 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Motukoreaite | Mg6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
| 27 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Nordstrandite | Al(OH)3 |
| 24 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Thomsonite Subgroup | |
| 18 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| 16 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Gismondine Subgroup | |
| 15 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| 15 photos of Phillipsite-K associated with Erionite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.GC. | Gismondine-Sr | Sr4(Si8Al8O32) · 9H2O |
| 9.GC. | Garronite-Na | Na6(Al6Si10O32) · 8.5H2O |
| 9.GC.05 | Gismondine-Ba | Ba2Al4Si4O16 · 4-6H2O |
| 9.GC.05 | Garronite-Ca | Na2Ca5Al12Si20O64 · 27H2O |
| 9.GC.05 | Gismondine-Ca | CaAl2Si2O8 · 4H2O |
| 9.GC.05 | Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O |
| 9.GC.05 | Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O |
| 9.GC.10 | Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) · 10H2O |
| 9.GC.10 | Harmotome | Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O |
| 9.GC.10 | Phillipsite-Ca | Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O |
| 9.GC.10 | Phillipsite-Na | (Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O |
| 9.GC.10 | Flörkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] · 12H2O |
| 9.GC.15 | Merlinoite | (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O |
| 9.GC.20 | Mazzite-Na | Na8[Al4Si14O36]2 · 30H2O |
| 9.GC.20 | Mazzite-Mg | (Mg,K,Ca)5(Si26Al10)O72 · 28H2O |
| 9.GC.25 | Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O |
| 9.GC.30 | Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O |
| 9.GC.35 | Paulingite-Ca | (Ca,K,Na,Ba, ◻)10 (Si, Al)42O84 · 34H2O |
| 9.GC.35 | Paulingite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2,Ba)5[Al10Si35O90] · 45H2O |
| 9.GC.35 | Paulingite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca,Ba)5[Al10Si35O90] · 45H2O |
Radioactivity
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Phillipsite-K
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7228.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Phillipsite-K
Reference List:
Galli, Ermanno, Ghittoni, Anna G. Losehi (1972) The crystal chemistry of phillipsites. American Mineralogist, 57 (7-8) 1125-1145
Localities for Phillipsite-K
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Graham et al. (2002) |
| Graham et al. (2020) |
| Graham et al. (2002) |
| Francis (2010) |
| Hollis (1979) +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| U. Kolitsch et al. (2009) |
| Christine Elisabeth Hollerer (2001) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| Horváth et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| HORVÁTH (2010) |
Costa Rica | |
| Rodríguez et al. (2017) |
Cyprus | |
| Prüfer (2011) |
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš P. et al. (2015) |
| Pauliš et al. (2023) |
| Pauliš et al. (2019) |
| P.Pauliš et al. (Czech republic) |
| Libor Hrůzek-Personal reference |
| Libor Hrůzek-Personal reference | |
| Libor Hrůzek-Personal reference +1 other reference |
| P.Pauliš et al. (Czech rep.) |
| P.Pauliš et al. (2017) |
| Hrazdil (2001) |
| Pauliš et al. (2024) |
| Pauliš et al. (2021) |
| Petr Fuchs collection | |
| P.Pauliš et al. (Czech Rep.) |
| ZEMAN P. (2018) |
| P.Zeman et al. (2017) |
| Petr Fuchs (2024, December) |
France | |
| Leconte J. (2015) |
| Galli et al. (1972) |
| Christophe Schwarze |
Germany | |
| WEISENBERGER et al. (2009) |
| Volker Betz and Peter Lof collections ... | |
| Volker Betz collection and photos | |
| Keck (2008) |
| Pöllmann et al. (2007) |
| Keck (2004) |
| Doelter (1921) |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
| Hanneberg et al. (2009) +1 other reference |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blass (2010) |
| Klein (2011) |
| Blass (2010) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Hentschel (1983) +1 other reference |
| Blaß et al. (2012) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blaß et al. (2003) |
| Witzke (1994) |
Hungary | |
| Geoda |
| Kónya et al. (2011) |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Russo et al. (2004) |
| Russo et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Russo (1996) +2 other references |
| Luigi Chiappino data +1 other reference |
| Russo (1981) +4 other references |
| Stoppani et al. (1982) +2 other references |
| Marignac (1845) +2 other references |
| Del Caldo (1971) +5 other references |
| Zambonini (1902) +5 other references |
| Cresta et al. (2002) |
| AMI UK Service | |
| Ciriotti et al. (2011) | |
| Balestra C. (2014) |
| Grill (1935) |
| Sergio Varvello collection | |
| Sicurella et al. (2010) |
| Sicurella et al. (2010) | |
| Bianchi et al. (2020) |
| AMI UK Service |
| Boscardin (2014) |
| Boscardin (2014) |
| Boscardin M. et al. (2011) |
| Boscardin et al. (1975) +3 other references |
| Boscardin et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
| Zorzi et al. (eds.) |
Japan | |
| Matsubara (1998) |
New Zealand | |
| S. J. Mills |
| Blackhead Quarry +1 other reference |
| J. Thornton in Micro-Scope | |
Russia | |
| PEKOV et al. (2013) |
| Pekov et al. (2004) | |
| ... | |
| Yakovenchuk et al. (2010) |
| Igor Pekov data |
| Antonov A.A. [Антонов А.А.] (2003) |
Slovakia | |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Števko M. et al. (2019) |
Spain | |
| Paragénesis.Revista de Mineralogia. ... |
| Calvo (2018) |
| Calvo (2018) |
| Analyzed by XRD by Dr. Joan Vinals (Barcelona) |
| Calvo et al. (2013) |
| Joan Rosell. RosellMinerals (2021) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
USA | |
| AM61_853 |
| Dunham (1933) |
| Gladwell ( ) +3 other references |
| Micro Probe Volume VI Number 4 |
| Tschernich et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Gladwell (2022) |
Quick NavTopAbout Phillipsite-KUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatRadioactivityOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Limberg Quarries, Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl, Emmendingen, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany