Pearceite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored in memory of Anna Maria Diana
About Pearceite
Richard Pearce
Formula:
[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
6.15
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Dr. Richard Pearce (June 29, 1837 Barripper, Cornwall - May 18, 1927 London), chemist and metallurgist. He spent three decades in the United States, erecting smelters near Denver, Colorado and in Butte, Montana. He was a founding member of the Colorado Scientific Society. He donated many specimens to the British Museum.
Pearceite-Polybasite series.
Originally pearceite was thought to be an arsenic analogue of polybasite.
"Arsenpolybasite" was, however, found to represent two different polytypes of pearceite, pearceite-T2ac and pearceite-M2a2b2c.
Pearceite forms a series with polybasite-Tac (formerly "antimonpearceite"), which is a polytype of polybasite.
The old name pearceite was replaced by pearceite-Tac, antimonpearceite by polybasite-Tac, arsenpolybasite-221 by pearceite-T2ac, and arsenpolybasite-222 by pearceite-M2a2b2c (Bindi et al. 2007).
Originally pearceite was thought to be an arsenic analogue of polybasite.
"Arsenpolybasite" was, however, found to represent two different polytypes of pearceite, pearceite-T2ac and pearceite-M2a2b2c.
Pearceite forms a series with polybasite-Tac (formerly "antimonpearceite"), which is a polytype of polybasite.
The old name pearceite was replaced by pearceite-Tac, antimonpearceite by polybasite-Tac, arsenpolybasite-221 by pearceite-T2ac, and arsenpolybasite-222 by pearceite-M2a2b2c (Bindi et al. 2007).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3138
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3138:3
IMA Classification of Pearceite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]
First published:
1896
Classification of Pearceite
2.GB.15
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
G : Sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites
B : Neso-sulfarsenites, etc. with additional S
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
G : Sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites
B : Neso-sulfarsenites, etc. with additional S
3.1.8.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.2.5
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Pea | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Pea | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Pronunciation of Pearceite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Pearceite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
none
none
Fracture:
Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.15 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Pearceite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 2.7
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.000
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Anisotropism:
Moderate, typically dark violet.
Dispersion:
relatively strong
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 34.8% | 34.3% |
| 420nm | 34.2% | 34.2% |
| 440nm | 33.4% | 34.1% |
| 460nm | 32.5% | 33.8% |
| 480nm | 31.5% | 33.2% |
| 500nm | 30.6% | 32.8% |
| 520nm | 29.8% | 32.5% |
| 540nm | 29.3% | 32.3% |
| 560nm | 29.0% | 32.0% |
| 580nm | 29.0% | 31.7% |
| 600nm | 29.1% | 31.2% |
| 620nm | 29.1% | 30.7% |
| 640nm | 28.9% | 30.2% |
| 660nm | 28.6% | 29.8% |
| 680nm | 28.0% | 29.3% |
| 700nm | 27.4% | 29.1% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 34.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White
Internal Reflections:
Very dark red.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Very weak in air, fair in oil.
Chemistry of Pearceite
Mindat Formula:
[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Zn,Fe,Sb
Crystallography of Pearceite
Polytype:
Formula:
Crystal System:
Class (H-M)
Space Group:
Space Group Setting:
Cell Parameters:
Ratio:
Unit Cell Volume (calc):
Z:
| Pearceite-M2a2b2c | Pearceite-T2ac | Pearceite-Tac |
|---|---|---|
| [Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4] | [Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4] | [Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4] |
| Monoclinic | Trigonal | Trigonal |
| 2/m - Prismatic | 3 2 - Trapezohedral | 3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral |
| B2/b | P3 2 1 | P3m1 |
| C2/c | ||
| a = 26.036(2) Å, b = 15.0319(13) Å, c = 24.042(3) Å β = 90.000(13)° | a = 14.9746(17) Å, c = 11.9982(6) Å | a = 7.3876(4) Å, c = 11.8882(7) Å |
| a:b:c = 1.732 : 1 : 1.599 | a:c = 1 : 0.801 | a:c = 1 : 1.609 |
| V 9,409.33 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) | V 2,330.01 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) | V 561.89 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) |
| 16 | 4 | 1 |
Crystallographic forms of Pearceite
Crystal Atlas:
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Pearceite - Tabular {001}
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0006140 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333 |  | 2007 | Eagle mine, Colorado, USA | 0 | 293 |
| 0006141 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333 | | 2007 | St. Joachimsthal, Bohemia, Czech Republic | 0 | 293 |
| 0006142 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333 | | 2007 | Freiberg, Germany | 0 | 293 |
| 0009933 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219 |  | 2006 | Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany | 0 | 293 |
| 0009934 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219 | | 2006 | Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany | 0 | 293 |
| 0009935 | Pearceite | Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219 | | 2006 | Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.97 Å | (100) |
| 2.80 Å | (90) |
| 2.47 Å | (60) |
| 2.30 Å | (60) |
| 1.827 Å | (60) |
| 2.34 Å | (50) |
| 1.992 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Pearceite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Well formed crystals to 3 cm in diameter and 1 cm thick. Most commonly with a hexagonal outline, prominent basal planes (striated) and highly modified edges.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, 3.4270, 3.4292, 3.4293.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 84843.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 84843.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Pearceite
Other Language Names for Pearceite
Relationship of Pearceite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Pearceite-Polybasite Group:
| Argentopearceite | Ag16As2S11 | Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1 |
| Argentopolybasite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9AgS4] | Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1 |
| Argentopolybasite-T2ac | Ag16Sb2S11 | Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1 |
| Auropearceite | [Ag9AuS4][Ag6As2S7] | Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1 |
| Auropolybasite | [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7] | Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1 |
| Benleonardite | [Ag6(Sb,As)2S6Te][Ag9Cu(S,Te)2Te2] | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Cupropearceite | [Cu6As2S7][Ag9CuS4] | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Cupropolybasite | [Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4] | Trig. 3m : P3 1m |
| Fengruiite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS2Te2] | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Polybasite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4] | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Selenopolybasite | [(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7][Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2] | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 20 photos of Pearceite associated with Acanthite | Ag2S |
| 20 photos of Pearceite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 17 photos of Pearceite associated with Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
| 14 photos of Pearceite associated with Native Silver | Ag |
| 14 photos of Pearceite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 10 photos of Pearceite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 8 photos of Pearceite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| 8 photos of Pearceite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 7 photos of Pearceite associated with Native Gold | Au |
| 7 photos of Pearceite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.GB. | Polybasite-Tac | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4] |
| 2.GB. | Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Zn) | [Ag6]4+(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12◻ |
| 2.GB. | Argentotetrahedrite-(Hg) | Ag6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Annivite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Bi4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Pošepnýite | (Cu+3◻3)(Hg2+4Cu+2)Sb4Se12(Se0.5◻0.5) |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(Cu) | Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Argentopolybasite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9AgS4] |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(Mn) | Cu6(Cu4Mn2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Argentotetrahedrite-(Cd) | Ag6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Stibioústalečite | (Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)Se12Se |
| 2.GB. | Stibiogoldfieldite | (Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)S12S |
| 2.GB. | Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn) | Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Tetrahedrite-(Cd) | Cu6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Arsenogoldfieldite | (Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(As2Te2)S12S |
| 2.GB. | Arsenoústalečite | (Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(As2Te2)Se12Se |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(In) | Cu6(Cu4(In3+Cu+))As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Zvěstovite-(Fe) | Ag6(Ag4Fe2+2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Hakite-(Fe) | Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4Se12Se |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(Cd) | Cu6(Cu4Cd2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.X | Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe) | [Ag6]4+(Ag4Fe2+2)Sb4S12◻ |
| 2.GB. | Tetrahedrite-(Cu) | Cu6(Cu4Cu2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Hakite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4Se12Se |
| 2.GB. | Zvěstovite-(Zn) | Ag6(Ag4Zn2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Hakite-(Cd) | Cu6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4Se12Se |
| 2.GB. | Kenoargentotennantite-(Fe) | [Ag6]4+(Cu4Fe2)As4S12◻ |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(Hg) | Cu6(Cu4Hg2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Tetrahedrite-(Mn) | Cu6(Cu4Mn2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Tennantite-(Ni) | Cu6(Cu4Ni2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB. | Tetrahedrite-(Ni) | Cu6(Cu4Ni2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Hakite-(Hg) | Cu6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4Se12Se |
| 2.GB.05 | Rozhdestvenskayaite-(Zn) | Ag6(Ag4Zn2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Argentotennantite-(Zn) | Ag6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Argentotennantite-(Fe) | Ag6(Cu4Fe2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Freibergite Subgroup | (Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1 |
| 2.GB.05 | Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tennantite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tetrahedrite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tennantite-(Fe) | Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)As4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tetrahedrite-(Fe) | Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Tetrahedrite-(Hg) | Cu6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe) | [Ag6]4+(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4S12◻ |
| 2.GB.05 | Giraudite-(Zn) | Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4Se12Se |
| 2.GB.05 | Argentotetrahedrite-(Fe) | Ag6(Cu4Fe2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | Goldfieldite | (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12S |
| 2.GB.05 | UM1992-21-S:AgFeSb | Ag6(Ag4Fe2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 2.GB.10 | Selenostephanite | Ag5SbSe4 |
| 2.GB.10 | Stephanite | Ag5SbS4 |
| 2.GB.15 | UM2003-14-S:AgBiFeTe | Ag16FeBiTe3S8 |
| 2.GB.15 | UM1979-17-S:BiCuFe | ~Cu18Fe4BiS16 |
| 2.GB.15 | Argentopearceite | Ag16As2S11 |
| 2.GB.15 | Cupropolybasite | [Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4] |
| 2.GB.15 | Fengruiite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS2Te2] |
| 2.GB.15 | Auropearceite | [Ag9AuS4][Ag6As2S7] |
| 2.GB.15 | Selenopolybasite | [(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7][Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2] |
| 2.GB.15 | Polybasite | [Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4] |
| 2.GB.15 | Auropolybasite | [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7] |
| 2.GB.15 | Cupropearceite | [Cu6As2S7][Ag9CuS4] |
| 2.GB.20 | Vorontsovite | (Hg5Cu)Σ6TlAs4S12 |
| 2.GB.20 | Ferrovorontsovite | (Fe5Cu)Σ6TlAs4S12 |
| 2.GB.20 | Galkhaite | (Hg5Cu)CsAs4S12 |
Other Information
Notes:
With a blowpipe, pearceite decrepitates slightly and fuses at about one. Heated on charcoal in the oxidizing flame, a slight coating of As2O3 is formed, and by addition of borax or sodium carbonate and continued heating a globule of metallic silver is obtained. In the open tube SO3 is given off and a volatile sublimate of As2O3 is formed. In the closed tube the mineral fuses, yields a yellow sublimate of arsenic sulphide and above the latter a very slight one of sulphur. The powder is readily oxidized and dissolved by nitric acid, the solution yields with HCl an abundant precipitate of silver chloride and on addition of ammonia in excess the blue color characteristic of copper is obtained, while a slight precipitate of ferric hydroxide is formed.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Pearceite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3138.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Pearceite
Reference List:
Penfield, S. L. (1897) Ueber Pearceït, ein Sulfarsenit des Silbers, und über die Krystallisation des Polybasit. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 27 (1-6). 65-77 doi:10.1524/zkri.1897.27.1.65
Frondel, Clifford (1963) Isodimorphism and the polybasite and pearceite series. American Mineralogist, 48 (5-6) 565-572
Bailey, S. W. (1977) Report of the I.M.A.-I. U.Cr. Joint Committee on Nomenclature. American Mineralogist, 62 (5-6) 411-415
Harlov, Daniel E. (1999) Thermochemistry of Ag-Cu exchange equilibria between proustite, sinnerite, and pearceite: Constraints on Ag-Cu and As-Sb mixing in pyrargyrite-proustite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 11 (4) 709-720 doi:10.1127/ejm/11/4/0709
Locock, A. J., Ercit, T. S., Kjellman, J., Piilonen, P. C. (2006) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 91 (11) 1945-1954 doi:10.2138/am.2006.477
Bindi, Luca, Evain, Michel, Menchetti, Silvio (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 62 (2) 212-219 doi:10.1107/s010876810600108x
Localities for Pearceite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| PUTZ +1 other reference |
| PUTZ +1 other reference | |
| Márquez-Zavalía et al. (2016) |
| De Brodtkorb (2009) |
| Brodtkorb (2002) | |
| Brotkorb (2002) |
| ROBL +1 other reference |
| Brodtkorb (2002) | |
| Perelló et al. (2023) |
| Gallard-Esquivel et al. (2018) |
| Mugas Lobos et al. (2020) |
| Vidal et al. (2016) |
| Permuy Vidal et al. (2016) | |
| Luna et al. (2016) |
Australia | |
| Quan et al. (2025) |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Warwick-Tweed Heads Metallogenic Map (SH/56-2, SH/56-3) | |
| Henley et al. (2001) | |
| Bottomer (1986) | |
| Bottomer (1986) | |
| Quan et al. (2025) | |
| Quan et al. (2025) | |
| Henley et al. (2001) |
| Henley et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Henley et al. (2001) | |
| Henley et al. (2001) | |
| David (2013) |
| Pringle and Elliot 1998 +1 other reference |
| Edwards (1953) +1 other reference |
| Downes (2007) | |
| Sahlström et al. (2017) |
Austria | |
| Auer (1998) |
| - (1994, July) |
| Kolitsch (2017) | |
| 58. +1 other reference |
Bailiwick of Guernsey | |
| R. A. Ixer Mining et al. (2) +1 other reference |
Bolivia | |
| USGS Bulletin # 1975 |
| Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) |
Brazil | |
| Portella et al. (2016) |
Bulgaria | |
| Mladenova et al. (1997) |
| Dobrev et al. (2002) |
| Dimitrova et al. (2007) |
| |
Burkina Faso | |
| Econ Geol (2003) |
Canada | |
| Hood et al. (1991) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| D. C. Harris (1973) |
| Lang (1952) |
| Lang (1952) | |
| Boyle et al. (1966) +1 other reference |
| Can Mineral February 1985 v. 23 no. 1 ... +1 other reference |
| 159-161. +1 other reference |
| Petruk (1971) |
| Traill (1983) | |
| Petruk (1971) +2 other references |
| Petruk (1971) +2 other references | |
Chile | |
| WARREN (2005) |
| Camus et al. (1991) | |
| Cook (1979) |
| The Stratabound Tuff-hosted Elisa de ... +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
| Crespo et al. (2020) |
China | |
| Fengshan Liu and Guohui Zhang (1996) +2 other references |
| Qianwen Cao and Yaowu Ren (1990) | |
| Wang et al. (2014) |
| Erchen Gong (2008) |
| Dequan Shuai et al. (1985) |
| Congqiang Liu (1987) |
| Zhengqin Li (1991) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Mingjun Yang and Gonghua Tan (1991) | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Zeng et al. (2000) |
| Banxiao Ruan et al. (2013) |
| Wang et al. (2023) |
| Zhicheng Lu et al. (2002) |
| Han et al. (2024) | |
| Jinghong Cai (2007) |
| Ran Lu et al. (2012) |
| Laicheng Miao et al. (2005) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Liyan Zhang and Jigang Tang (1996) |
| Hai Zhao et al. (2008) |
| Shuhua Wang (1992) |
| Sun +6 other references |
| Zhao et al. (2021) |
| Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006) |
| Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006) | |
| Chaoyang Li et al. (2003) |
| Zhang et al. (2024) +1 other reference |
| Weining Zhou (1994) |
| Zhiping Li (1998) |
| Renlai Zheng and Congzhi Xie (1984) |
Czech Republic | |
| Kohout et al. (1995) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Jakub Plasil |
| Duda |
| Fengl (1.) |
| Scharm +7 other references | |
| Fojt |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] |
| Hyrsl et al. (2009) | |
| Sejkora (1994) |
Europe | |
| tin.er.usgs.gov (n.d.) +3 other references | |
Fiji | |
| Ahmad et al. (1987) |
Finland | |
| Hector et al. (2023) |
France | |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| French BRGM data |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| R. Pierrot |
| Th. Brunsperger@orange.fr |
| Wittern +1 other reference |
| This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +2 other references | |
| P. Roth analysis |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Maurizot et al. (2020) |
| Brousse (1982) |
| P. Cantinolle et al. |
| Lheur (2023) |
| Inventaire Mineralogique de la France ... |
| De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002) |
| Wahbi et al. (1973) | |
| Bernadi (2004) |
| Mari et al. (1979) |
| R. Pierrot |
| R. Pierrot |
| Dietrich J.E. et al. (1999) |
| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ... |
Germany | |
| Rehren (1986) +1 other reference |
| Mandler (1991) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Walenta (1992) | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Walenta (1992) |
| Carsten Slotta sample |
| undefined +2 other references |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] |
| Burisch et al. (2017) |
| Aufschluss 69/ (7+8) +1 other reference |
| Lapis (4) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Hajek (2010) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Frondel (1963) |
| Witzke (2012) |
Greece | |
| Panagiotis Voudouris & Paul Spry (2008) |
| Voudouris et al. (2005) |
| Wind et al. (2023) |
| Papavasiliou et al. (2016) +1 other reference | |
Greenland | |
| Sørensen (2001) +1 other reference |
India | |
| Mukherjee et al. (1998) |
Indonesia | |
| Simon et al. (1997) |
| Syafrizal +6 other references |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Simon et al. (1997) |
Iran | |
| Altenberger et al. (2022) |
| DALIRAN et al. (2005) |
Ireland | |
| de Haller +3 other references |
Italy | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Maida (2002) |
| - (n.d.) | |
| Vergani et al. (2021) |
| Orlandi P. & Silvani A. (1994) |
| Fiori (1998) +1 other reference |
| Venerandi Pirri (2002) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Menchetti S. (Alpi Apuane) |
| Ferialdi et al. (2003) |
Japan | |
| ONO et al. (1995) |
| ISHIZUKA et al. (1998) | |
| Matsueda (2000) |
| SATO et al. (1981) |
| SUGAKI et al. (1986) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] NAKAYAMA (1986) |
| YUNINGSIH et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
| Shimizu et al. (1998) +1 other reference | |
| FURUNO et al. (1992) |
| Hamada et al. (2022) |
| Galena et al. (216) +1 other reference |
| Matsubara: Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed.) |
| Akasaka (2007) |
| Akasaka et al. (2007, August) +1 other reference | |
| - (n.d.) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Pekov et al. (1997) |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| - (2005) |
Kosovo | |
| Mederski et al. (2021) |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Sotelo (2016) |
| Sotelo (2016) | |
| Querol +1 other reference |
| Dana 7. +2 other references |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Färber (n.d.) |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Camprubi |
| Cano et al. (2024) |
| Cano et al. (2024) | |
| Cano et al. (2024) | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Chutas et al. (2004) |
Morocco | |
| Samira et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Barral et al. (2009) +1 other reference | |
| Fabre (n.d.) |
| Petruk (1975) +1 other reference |
Namibia | |
| Kampunzu et al. (2009) |
New Zealand | |
| Boyle (1979) |
| Fyfe (2014) |
| Fyfe (2014) | |
North Macedonia | |
| Serafimovski et al. (2015) |
| Serafimovski et al. (2003) +2 other references |
| Serafimovski et al. (2006) | |
| Serafimovski et al. (2005) | |
| Petrunov et al. (2001) |
Norway | |
| Neumann (1944) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Zierenberg et al. (1990) |
| Choi et al. (2023) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Semple et al. (1998) |
Peru | |
| CHAUVET (2019) |
| Greffié et al. (2002) +1 other reference | |
| Chauvet et al. (2006) | |
| Gamarra-Urrunaga et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Chauvet et al. (2006) |
| Crowley et al. (1997) |
| Lewis (1964) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Hyrsl et al. (2003) |
Portugal | |
| Bowles (1987) |
| Martins (2018) |
Romania | |
| www.gl.rhbnc.ac.uk (2003) |
| Săbău et al. (2016) |
| Bailly et al. (1998) |
| Damian +6 other references | |
| Damian +6 other references |
Russia | |
| Vikentyev et al. (2025) |
| Vinokurov et al. (2010) +2 other references | |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2014) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Novoselov et al. (2010) |
| Nagornaya et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Chitalin et al. (2023) | |
| Chitalin et al. (2023) | |
| Nikolaev et al. (2016) | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Nikolaev et al. (2016) | |
| Nikolaev et al. (2016) | |
| Kalko et al. (2014) |
| Глухов et al. (2021) +2 other references |
| Andreeva et al. (2013) |
| Bortnikov et al. (2023) |
| Bortnikov et al. (2023) |
| Bortnikov et al. (2023) |
| Okrugin et al. (an Example of Mutnovsky Geothermal Area, Southern Kamchatka) |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +2 other references | |
| Kravtsova et al. (2003) |
| Kravtsova et al. (2003) | |
| Fats’yanov et al. (2010, November) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Volkov et al. (2023) |
| Volkov et al. (2021) | |
| Tauson et al. (2017) | |
| Savva et al. (2007) | |
| Vikentyev (2015) |
| Ankusheva et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| Sejkora et al. (2021) |
| Kiseleva et al. (2008) |
Slovakia | |
| Berkh et al. (2014) |
| Jeleň et al. (2006) | |
| Duda +1 other reference |
| Vlasáč et al. (2021) | |
| Majzlan (2009) +1 other reference | |
| Koděra (1986) | |
| Berkh et al. (2014) | |
| Ferenc Š. et al. (2014) +2 other references |
| Vlasáč et al. (2025) | |
| Vlasáč et al. (2024) |
| Števko et al. (2018) |
| Vlasáč et al. (2021) | |
| Ďuďa R. (2001) |
South Korea | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Park et al. (1988) |
| Kim et al. (2009) |
Spain | |
| Dr. Cesar Menor-Salvan. Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA-CSIC) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Econ Geol (1992) |
| Menor et al. (2010) |
Switzerland | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Guastoni et al. (2009) +1 other reference |
| Ansermet (2012) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
USA | |
| USGS OFR 2004-1200 (Hawley,2004) |
| Taylor |
| Graeme (1993) |
| Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Galbraith (1947) |
| Bastin (1925) +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1988) |
| Schrader (1915) +3 other references |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Sims (1963) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| USGS OFR 66-87 (Moench,1966) |
| Moench et al. (1966) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Moench et al. (1966) | |
| Harrison et al. (1959) |
| Lovering et al. (1950) +1 other reference |
| Moench et al. (1966) |
| Lovering et al. (1950) +2 other references | |
| Moench et al. (1966) | |
| Lovering et al. (1950) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Barnes (1985) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| USGS PP 1017 (Lovering,1978) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Kucera (2021) |
| collected by and in the collection of ... |
| U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... |
| Rocks & Minerals 82:368-380 | |
| U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +1 other reference | |
| U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Rocks & Min.:64:142-143. +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Dana 7:I:352 & 355. +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Econ Geol (1991) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Rocks & Minerals 75:338 |
| Rocks & Min. 70:246 |
| Gobla (2012) |
| Gnanou (2018) |
| Gnanou (2018) | |
| Gammons et al. (2020) | |
| Dana 7:I:352 |
| Szarkowski (2019) |
| Chris Gammons and Ryan Stevenson (2015) |
| Anaconda Mining Company Collection | |
| Guilbert and Zeihen 1964. From tables ... +1 other reference | |
| Gammons et al. (2016) | |
| Gammons et al. (2016) | |
| Rocks & Min.: 16: 246. | |
| XRD Analysis by John Attard 2017 | |
| Dan Evanich collection | |
| Gammons et al. (2016) | |
| Gammons et al. (2016) +1 other reference | |
| NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference |
| NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference | |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| R&M 74:6 p380-390 |
| - (2005) +1 other reference |
| Bastin (1922) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| [Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ... |
| [Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ... | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Entwistle (1944) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| EDS analysis done by John Dagenais | |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| [Pearceite-T2ac] Lasmanis (1995) |
| Lambe et al. (1987) |
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Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany