Fredrikssonite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Fredrikssonite
Kurt A. Fredriksson
Formula:
Mg2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2
Colour:
Reddish-brown
Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
3.84
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named by P.J. Dunn, D.R. Peacor, W.B. Simmons, and D. Newbury in 1983 in honor of Kurt A. Fredriksson (1926, Sweden – 2001), Swedish–American geochemist and meteoriticist, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA. He pioneered the use of the electron microprobe on extraterrestrial minerals.
This page provides mineralogical data about Fredrikssonite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1603
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1603:8
IMA Classification of Fredrikssonite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Mg2Mn3+O2(BO3)
Approval year:
1983
First published:
1983
Classification of Fredrikssonite
6.AB.30
6 : BORATES
A : Monoborates
B : BO3, with additional anions; 1(D) + OH, etc.
6 : BORATES
A : Monoborates
B : BO3, with additional anions; 1(D) + OH, etc.
24.2.1.6
24 : ANHYDROUS BORATES
2 : A2BO2[XO3]
24 : ANHYDROUS BORATES
2 : A2BO2[XO3]
9.8.3
9 : Borates
8 : Borates of Fe
9 : Borates
8 : Borates of Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Fdk | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Fredrikssonite
Vitreous, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Reddish-brown
Streak:
Pale brown to yellow
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
One, poor, and a second, very poor
One, poor, and a second, very poor
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.84(5) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.80 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Fredrikssonite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.82 nβ = 1.86 nγ = 1.99
2V:
Measured: 51° , Calculated: 62°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.170
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v, strong.
Optical Extinction:
Z = elongation of cleavage fragments = c (by analogy to ludwigite).
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
Pronounced; X = golden brown; Z = dark reddish brown to black.
Comments:
Absorption: Z > X.
Chemistry of Fredrikssonite
Mindat Formula:
Mg2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Fredrikssonite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbam
Setting:
Pbam
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.18 Å, b = 12.55 Å, c = 2.95 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.731 : 1 : 0.235
Unit Cell V:
339.87 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals are elongated on [001], with a diamond-shaped cross-section. Aggregates are composed of crystals in a sub-parallel orientation and also randomly oriented crystals in radiating clusters.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005368 | Fredrikssonite | Burns P C, Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C (1994) Jahn-Teller-distorted MnO6 octahedra in fredrikssonite, the fourth polymorph of Mg2Mn(BO3)O2 The Canadian Mineralogist 32 397-403 |  | 1994 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.590 Å | (100) |
| 2.486 Å | (90) |
| 5.16 Å | (80) |
| 2.013 Å | (50) |
| 1.513 Å | (40) |
| 2.201 Å | (30) |
| 1.570 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Fredrikssonite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystals are elongated on [001], with a diamond-shaped cross-section, to 0.1 x 2.0 mm in size. They form aggregates in a sub-parallel orientation. Also randomly oriented in radiating clusters of 1-2 mm crystals. The transparency seems is an indicator of this species vs its polymorphs.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), Washington, D.C., US, catalogue numbers 149811 and 150341.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Equigranular metamorphic rock consisting of manganoan calcite and hausmannite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Fredrikssonite
Other Language Names for Fredrikssonite
Relationship of Fredrikssonite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Ludwigite Group:
| Azoproite | (Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Ti,Mg)(BO3)O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam |
| Bonaccordite | Ni2Fe3+(BO3)O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam |
| Ludwigite | Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam |
| Marinaite | Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Savelievaite | Mg2Cr3+O2(BO3) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam |
| Vonsenite | Fe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 6 photos of Fredrikssonite associated with Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| 5 photos of Fredrikssonite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 4 photos of Fredrikssonite associated with Kinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Fredrikssonite associated with Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| 1 photo of Fredrikssonite associated with Zenzénite | Pb3Fe3+4Mn4+3O15 |
| 1 photo of Fredrikssonite associated with Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 |
| 1 photo of Fredrikssonite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 6.AB. | Chubarovite | KZn2(BO3)Cl2 |
| 6.AB. | Rhabdoborite-(Mo) | Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2 |
| 6.AB.05 | Hambergite | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| 6.AB.10 | Berborite | Be2(BO3)(OH,F) · H2O |
| 6.AB.15 | Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| 6.AB.20 | Yuanfuliite | Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) |
| 6.AB.20 | Warwickite | (Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3) |
| 6.AB.25 | Karlite | (Mg,Al)6.5(BO3)3(OH)4(◻,Cl)0.5 |
| 6.AB.30 | Marinaite | Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3) |
| 6.AB.30 | Savelievaite | Mg2Cr3+O2(BO3) |
| 6.AB.30 | Vonsenite | Fe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.30 | Ludwigite | Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.30 | Azoproite | (Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Ti,Mg)(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.30 | Bonaccordite | Ni2Fe3+(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.35 | Folvikite | Sb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4 |
| 6.AB.35 | Pinakiolite | (Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.40 | Takéuchiite | (Mg,Mn2+)2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.40 | Blatterite | Sb5+3(Mn3+,Fe3+)9(Mn2+,Mg)35(BO3)16O32 |
| 6.AB.40 | Orthopinakiolite | (Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.40 | Chestermanite | Mg2(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al,Sb3+)(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.45 | Aluminomagnesiohulsite | (Mg,Fe2+)2(Al,Mg,Sn)(BO3)O2 |
| 6.AB.45 | Hulsite | Fe2+2Fe3+O2(BO3) |
| 6.AB.45 | Magnesiohulsite | Mg2Fe3+O2(BO3) |
| 6.AB.50 | Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| 6.AB.50 | Hydroxylborite | Mg3(BO3)(OH)3 |
| 6.AB.55 | Shabynite | Mg5(BO3)(OH)5(Cl,OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 6.AB.55 | Wightmanite | Mg5(BO3)O(OH)5 · 2H2O |
| 6.AB.60 | Gaudefroyite | Ca4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3 |
| 6.AB.65 | Sakhaite | Ca48Mg16(BO3)32(CO3)16 · 2(H2O,HCl) |
| 6.AB.70 | Harkerite | Ca48Mg16[AlSi4O15(OH)]4(BO3)16(CO3)16 · 2(H2O,HCl) |
| 6.AB.75 | Pertsevite-(F) | Mg2(BO3)(F,OH) |
| 6.AB.75 | Pertsevite-(OH) | Mg2(BO3)(OH) |
| 6.AB.80 | Jacquesdietrichite | Cu2(H2BO3)(OH)3 |
| 6.AB.85 | Rhabdoborite-(V) | Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1) |
| 6.AB.85 | Rhabdoborite-(W) | Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} |
| 6.AB.85 | Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| 6.AB.90 | Mengxianminite | (Ca,Na)2Sn2(Mg,Fe)3Al8[(BO3)(BeO4)O6]2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Fredrikssonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1603.html
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References for Fredrikssonite
Reference List:
Dunn, Pete J., Peacor, Donald R., Simmons, William B., Newbury, Dale (1983) Fredrikssonite, a new member of the pinakiolite group, from Långban, Sweden. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 105 (4) 335-340 doi:10.1080/11035898309454571
Localities for Fredrikssonite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Sweden (TL) | |
| Dunn et al. (1983) +2 other references |
| - (2012) | |
|
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Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden