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Dufrénoysite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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05727480017271927863558.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
01797750017271922596639.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
09183820017417419248968.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
09779820017271922567473.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
01797750017271922596639.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
04407050017373061851468.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
09779820017271922567473.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
01797750017271922596639.jpg
Dufrénoysite

Lengenbach Quarry, Fäld, Binn, Goms, Valais, Switzerland
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About DufrénoysiteHide

05343590017271922688290.jpg
Ours Pierre Armand Petit Dufrenoy
Formula:
Pb2As2S5
Colour:
Dark lead-grey; dark red-brown (transmitted light)
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
5.50 - 5.57
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Sartorite Group
Name:
Named by Augustin Alexis Damour in 1845 in honour of Ours Pierre Armand Petit Dufrénoy [September 5, 1792, Sevran, Seine-et-Oise, France - March 20, 1857, Paris, France], Professor of Mineralogy in the École des Mines, Paris. The mineral dufrénite is also named in his honour.
Dufrenoysite-Veenite Series. Closely related to buynite.

Also compare argentodufrénoysite.


The structure contains isolated and interconnected AsS3 pyramids, as, e.g., in case of baumhauerite, gratonite, sartorite, and seligmannite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1324
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1324:2

IMA Classification of DufrénoysiteHide

Classification of DufrénoysiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):
2.HC.05d

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
Dana 8th ed.:
3.5.9.3

3 : SULFOSALTS
5 : 2.5 < ø < 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
5.6.2

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
DufIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
DufThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of DufrénoysiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark lead-grey; dark red-brown (transmitted light)
Streak:
Reddish brown, chocolate brown
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=135 - 146 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010} perfect
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.50 - 5.57 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.61 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of DufrénoysiteHide

Anisotropism:
Strong in brown-violet and deep green.
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm39.5%42.1%
420nm39.0%41.7%
440nm38.5%41.1%
460nm38.1%40.6%
480nm37.8%40.2%
500nm37.4%39.7%
520nm37.0%39.0%
540nm36.6%38.4%
560nm36.1%37.6%
580nm35.6%36.9%
600nm34.9%36.2%
620nm34.2%35.4%
640nm33.3%34.6%
660nm32.5%33.7%
680nm31.7%33.0%
700nm31.0%32.4%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 42.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White
Internal Reflections:
Deep red at times.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Very weak.

Chemistry of DufrénoysiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Pb2As2S5
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Pb57.193 %
S22.127 %
As20.680 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
As, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of DufrénoysiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:
P21
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.90 Å, b = 25.74 Å, c = 8.37 Å
β = 90.35°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.307 : 1 : 0.325
Unit Cell V:
1,701.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Tabular {010} and somewhat elongated [100]; also elongated [010] and striated [100] to 3 cm.
Twinning:
On {001}.
Comment:
The X-ray powder pattern closely resembles that of veenite.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.74 Å(100)
3.00 Å(90)
2.70 Å(80)
3.21 Å(60)
2.36 Å(60)
2.23 Å(60)
3.56 Å(50)
Comments:
Close to the data for veenite.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
Moderate to low temperature hydrothermal deposits.

Type Occurrence of DufrénoysiteHide

Synonyms of DufrénoysiteHide

Other Language Names for DufrénoysiteHide

Relationship of Dufrénoysite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Sartorite Group
Other Members of Sartorite Group:
ArgentobaumhaueriteAg1.5Pb22As33.5S72Tric. 1 : P1
ArgentodufrénoysiteAg3Pb26As35S80Tric. 1 : P1
ArgentoliveingiteAg3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112Tric. 1 : P1
BarikaiteAg3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
BaumhaueritePb12As16S36Tric. 1 : P1
BernarlottiitePb6(As5Sb3)S18Tric. 1 : P1
BoscardiniteTlPb4(Sb7As2)S18Tric. 1 : P1
Carducciite(Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
DekatriasartoriteTlPb58As97S204Mon. 2/m : P21/b
ÉcrinsiteAgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36Tric. 1 : P1
EnneasartoriteTl6Pb32As70S140Mon. 2/m : P21/b
GeueriteAg2Tl4Pb4As22S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
GiuşcăiteAg2Tl4Pb4As20Sb2S40Mon. m
GuettarditePb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32Mon. 2/m : P21/b
HendekasartoriteTl2Pb48As82S172Mon. 2/m : P21/b
HeptasartoriteTl7Pb22As55S108Mon. 2/m : P21/b
HyršlitePb8As10Sb6S32Mon. 2 : P21
IncomsartoriteTl6Pb144As246S516Mon. 2/m
InterliveingiteAgPb18As25S56Mon. 2 : P21
LiveingitePb9As13S28Mon. 2 : P21
ParapierrotiteTlSb5S8Mon. m
PhilrothiteTlAs3S5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
PierrotiteTl2(Sb,As)10S16Orth. mm2 : Pna21
PolloneiteAgPb46As26Sb23S120Mon. 2 : P21
RathiteAg2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
SartoritePbAs2S4Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Twinnite Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4Mon. 2/m
VeenitePb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5Mon. 2 : P21
Forms a series with:
VeeniteDufrénoysite-Veenite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
28 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
21 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with PyriteFeS2
11 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with RealgarAs4S4
10 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with JordanitePb14As6S23
5 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with SphaleriteZnS
5 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Lengenbachite Ag4Cu2Pb18As12S39
4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with PararealgarAs4S4
4 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
3 photos of Dufrénoysite associated with SartoritePbAs2S4

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.HC.BernarlottiitePb6(As5Sb3)S18Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.HuntingdonitePb19Sb16As6S51Cl2Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.MoiraitePb12Sb8As8S36Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05fParapierrotiteTlSb5S8Mon. m
2.HC.05gMarumoitePb32As40S92Mon. 2 : P21
2.HC.05bBaumhauerite II
2.HC.05dRathiteAg2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.05eHeptasartoriteTl7Pb22As55S108Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.05eHendekasartoriteTl2Pb48As82S172Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.05bArgentobaumhaueriteAg1.5Pb22As33.5S72Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05cArgentoliveingiteAg3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05bBaumhaueritePb12As16S36Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05dVeenitePb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5Mon. 2 : P21
2.HC.05eDekatriasartoriteTlPb58As97S204Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.05aHyršlitePb8As10Sb6S32Mon. 2 : P21
2.HC.05eIncomsartoriteTl6Pb144As246S516Mon. 2/m
2.HC.05cLiveingitePb9As13S28Mon. 2 : P21
2.HC.05cJohnjamboritePb14Sb8.5As7.5S38Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05fPierrotiteTl2(Sb,As)10S16Orth. mm2 : Pna21
2.HC.05dRathite-IVPbAs2S4
2.HC.05dArgentodufrénoysiteAg3Pb26As35S80Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05eÉcrinsiteAgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36Tric. 1 : P1
2.HC.05aSartoritePbAs2S4Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HC.05aTwinnite Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4Mon. 2/m
2.HC.05fPhilrothiteTlAs3S5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.05hPolloneiteAgPb46As26Sb23S120Mon. 2 : P21
2.HC.05aGuettarditePb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.10aFülöppitePb3Sb8S15Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.HC.10dSemseyitePb9Sb8S21Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.HC.10dRayitePb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21Mon.
2.HC.10cHeteromorphitePb7Sb8S19Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.HC.10bPlagionitePb5Sb8S17Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.HC.15FalkmanitePb3Sb2S6Mon.
2.HC.15BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.20RobinsonitePb4Sb6S13Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.HC.25MoëloitePb6Sb6S14(S3)Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 2
2.HC.30DadsonitePb23Sb25S60ClTric. 1 : P1
2.HC.35ZoubekiteAgPb4Sb4S10Orth.
2.HC.35Proto-owyheeiteAg9Pb40Sb45S112Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.35OwyheeiteAg3Pb10Sb11S28Mon. 2/m
2.HC.40ParasterryiteAg4Pb20Sb14As10S58Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.HC.50LopatkaitePb5Sb3AsS11Mon. 2/m : P21/b

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for DufrénoysiteHide

References for DufrénoysiteHide

Reference List:
Damour, A.A. (1845) Sur le sulfo-arséniure de plomb du mont Saint-Gothard (Nouvelle espèce minérale). Annales de Chimie et de Physique: 14: 379-383. (in French)
Rammelsberg (1847) 229, 256. (as Gotthardit)
Des Cloizeaux, A.L.O. (1855) Sur les formes cristallines de la dufrenoysite. Annales des Mines: 8: 389-398.
von Waltershausen, W.S. (1855) Ein Beitrag zur naheren Kenntniss des Dolomits in den Walliser Alpen. Annalen der Physik und Chemie (Poggendorf): 94: 115-141.
Heusser, C. (1856) Ueber den Dufrenoysit, Binnit und Adular des Binnenthales. Annalen der Physik und Chemie: 97: 115-129.
vom Rath, G. (1864) Poggend. Annalen der Physik und Chemie: 122: 371-399.
Petersen (1866) Offenbacher Ver. Naturkunde: 7: 13 (as Skeroclas)
Petersen (1867) Jb. Min.: 203 (as Skeroclas).
Groth, F. (1874) Tabellarische Übersicht der Einfachen Mineralien (1st ed.). Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn.p.18
Weisbach, A. (1880) Char. Min.: 42. (as Plumbobinnite)
Baumhauer, H. (1895) Uber den Skleroklas von Binn. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin: 243-252. (in German, as Skleroklas)
Lewis, W.J. (1903) A large crystal of sulpharsenite of lead from the Binnenthal. Mineralogical Magazine: 13: 34.
Solly, R. H. (1912) Description of large crystals of Seligmannite and Dufrenoysite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 16 (76) 282-286 doi:10.1180/minmag.1912.016.76.05
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.442-445
Marumo, F., Nowacki, W. (1967) The crystal structure of dufrenoysite, Pb16As16S40. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 124 (6) 409-419 doi:10.1524/zkri.1967.124.6.409
Ribár, B., Nicca, Ch., Nowacki, W. (1969) Dreidimensionale Verfeinerung der Kristallstruktur von Dufrenoysit, Pb8As8S20. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 130 (1). 15-40 doi:10.1524/zkri.1969.130.1-6.15
Walia, D. S., Chang, L. L. Y. (1973) Investigations in the systems PbS-Sb2S3-As2S3 and PbS-Bi2S3-As2S3. The Canadian Mineralogist, 12 (2) 113-119
Pring, Allan (1990) Disordered intergrowths in lead-arsenic sulfide minerals and the paragenesis of the sartorite-group minerals. American Mineralogist, 75 (3-4) 289-294
Pring, A. (2001) The crystal chemistry of the sartorite group minerals from Lengenbach, Binntal, Switzerland - a HRTEM study. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 81. 69-87
Berlepsch, P.; Armbruster, Th.; Topa, D. (2002) Structural and chemical variations in rathite, Pb8Pb4-x(Tl2As2)x(Ag2As2)As16S40: modulations of a parent structure. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 217 (11). 581-590 doi:10.1524/zkri.217.11.581.20784
Shimizu, M., Ishizaki, Y., Honma, T., Matsubara, S., Miyawaki, R. (2005) Dufrenoysite and marumoite from the Okoppe mine, Japan. Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. Proceedings of the Eighth Biennial SGA Meeting Beijing, China, 18–21 August 2005. Session 6., Springer (Berlin) 695-697.
(2005) Dufrénoysite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Roth, P. (2007) Dufrénoysite. In: Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and minerals named after Swiss individuals, Kristallografik Verlag (Achberg Germany): 56-57.
Kharbish, Sherif (2016) Micro-Raman spectroscopic investigations of extremely scarce Pb-As sulfosalt minerals: baumhauerite, dufrénoysite, gratonite, sartorite, and seligmannite. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 47 (11). 1360-1366 doi:10.1002/jrs.4973

Localities for DufrénoysiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Armenia
 
  • Syunik Province
    • Sisian
Kukulyan (1987)
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Puttapa
Muller (1972) +1 other reference
Austria
 
  • Salzburg
    • Hallein District
      • Scheffau am Tennengebirge
        • Grubach
          • Moosegg
Paar et al. (1978) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Bomby Township
Harris et al. (1988)
Sabina (1991)
Sabina (1991)
China
 
  • Jiangxi
    • Shangrao
      • Dexing Co.
        • Yinshan ore field
Zhengping Hao (1988)
  • Liaoning
    • Huludao
      • Lianshan District
Fuchang Ni (1985)
  • Yunnan
    • Nujiang
      • Lanping County
        • Baiyangping ore field
          • Eastern ore zone
Jiajun Liu et al. (2010)
Ethiopia
 
  • Oromia Region
    • Megado
Cook et al. (2000)
Ireland
 
  • Connacht
    • Galway County
      • Killimor
de Haller
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Formazza
Graeser et al. (1981) +2 other references
Japan
 
  • Aomori Prefecture
Matsubara et al. (2000) +1 other reference
Mexico
 
  • Chihuahua
    • Batopilas Municipality
      • Andrés del Rio mining district
Wilson et al. (1986)
New Zealand
 
  • Auckland Region
    • Great Barrier Island
Railton et al. (1990)
Norway
 
  • Nordland
    • Hemnes
      • Bleikvasslia
Cook et al. (1998)
Papua New Guinea
 
  • Bismarck Sea
Moss et al. (2001)
R Moss 2000. GEOCHEMISTRY AND ...
Peru
 
  • Huancavelica
    • Castrovirreyna Province
      • Santa Ana District
Kampf et al. (2011)
    • Huancavelica Province
      • Huachocolpa District
        • Huachocolpa mining district
Pérez-Puig Obieta et al. (2013)
Romania
 
  • Hunedoara County
    • Certeju de Sus
Ciobanu et al. (2004)
Russia
 
  • Amur Oblast
    • Urusha-Oldoi ore district
Vakh et al. (2016) +1 other reference
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Serovsky District
      • Turya river
        • Tur'insk
Kasatkin et al. (2020) +1 other reference
Switzerland (TL)
 
  • Valais
    • Goms
      • Binn
        • Fäld
Damour (1845) +2 other references
Kolitsch et al. (1996)
        • Giessen
Most recent: Gea 1993/04 p.137 with ...
50. (in German) +3 other references
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • St Endellion
        • Port Isaac
Golley et al. (1995)
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Mohave County
      • Cerbat Mountains
        • Wallapai Mining District
Univ. of AZ Bull. 41 (1916-17) +1 other reference
  • California
    • Inyo County
      • Inyo Mts (Inyo Range)
Hanks (1884) +1 other reference
  • Colorado
    • San Juan County
      • Anvil Mountain
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Idaho
    • Blaine County
Ream (1995)
    • Boise County
Ream (2004)
  • Nevada
    • Lincoln County
      • Pioche Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
  • New York
    • St. Lawrence County
      • Fowler
Chamberlain et al. (2013)
Chamberlain et al. (2023)
  • Utah
    • Beaver County
      • San Francisco Mining District
        • Frisco
Bullock (1981)
    • Salt Lake County
Bullock (1981)
      • Bingham Mining District
Bullock (1981)
Dana 6: 1093.
      • Little Cottonwood Mining District
Dana 6:1092-1093.
Dana 6: 1092.
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