Python PostgreSQL - Insert Data

The following tutorial will guide us on the method of the data insertion into a database using the Python PostgreSQL API.

But before we get started let us briefly understand PostgreSQL and its API for Python.

Understanding PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is an open-source RDBMS widely utilized to store and handle structured data. In order for us to interact with PostgreSQL using Python, we will be needing a library called psycopg2. This library will serve as a DB-API 2.0-compliant interface in Python for working with the PostgreSQL databases.

Some Characteristics of PostgreSQL:

The following are some of characteristics of PostgreSQL:

1. Relational Database Management System (RDBMS): PostgreSQL is an RDBMS, implying that we can store and organize the data in the form of tables consisting of multiple rows and columns. It helps SQL for querying and manipulating data, making sure records are integrity through constraints like primary keys, foreign keys, and unique constraints.
2. ACID Compliance: PostgreSQL guarantees Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability for transactions.
3. Data Types: It supports diverse information types, including numeric, string, date/time, JSON, and custom types.
4. Concurrent Access: Handles more than one concurrent connection efficaciously, enabling concurrent examine and write operations.
5. Indexes: Provides index support for quicker information retrieval and question optimization.
6. Advanced SQL: Supports complex SQL queries, subqueries, joins, and aggregation capabilities.

Insertion of Data into Database using Python's psycopg2 Module

The INSERT query in PostgreSQL is used to add new information (rows) directly into a table. When running PostgreSQL in Python, using libraries like psycopg2, you could execute INSERT queries to insert information into your database tables.

Syntax:

1. table_name: Name of the table where statistics will be inserted.
2. (column1, column2, ...): Optional listing of columns wherein facts could be inserted. If ignored, all columns want values.
3. VALUES (value1, value2, ...): Values to be inserted into the desired columns.

Example:

Code Explanation:

• Connecting to the Database: The `psycopg2.connect()` function establishes a connection to the PostgreSQL database using the provided database credentials.
• Creating a Cursor: The `conn.cursor()` method creates a cursor item that executes SQL instructions.
• Defining the INSERT Statement: The `insert_query` variable holds the SQL INSERT announcement that specifies the table ("users") and values ("name" and "email") into which statistics could be inserted.
• Data to be Inserted: The `data_to_insert` tuple carries the actual records ('Don Wilson" 'don.wilson@example.com') in an effort to be inserted into the table.
• Executing the INSERT Statement: The `cur.execute()` technique executes the INSERT assertion with the provided information, putting a brand new record into the "users" table.
• Committing the Transaction: The `conn.commit()` announcement commits the transaction, making the insertion operation everlasting in the database.
• Closing the Cursor and Connection: Finally, the `cur.close()` and `conn.close()` statements near the cursor and connection to launch sources and keep the right database management practices.