This Korean study replicated a previously published American study. The conceptual framework and method combined ethical enquiry and phenomenology. The research questions were: (1) What is nursing students’ experience of ethical problems involving nursing practice? and, (2) What is nursing students’ experience of using an ethical decision-making model? The participants were 97 senior baccalaureate nursing students, each of whom described one ethical problem and chose to use one of five ethical decision-making models. From 97 ethical problems, five content categories emerged, (...) the largest being health professionals (69%). The basic nature of the ethical problems was the students’ experience of conflict, resolution and rationale. Using an ethical decision-making model helped 94% of the students. A comparison of the Korean and American results yields important implications for nursing ethics education, practice and research. (shrink)

Choosing for whom to work is one of the most difficult ethical questions public relations practitioners have to address. This article attempts to examine the issue of client choice in the philosophical context of universalism versus ethical relativism. In this article, while acknowledging that differences between cultures exist, I argue public relations practitioners should take a universalistic approach in choosing their clients because ethical relativism itself is seriously flawed.

The purpose of this study was to examine how employees’ experiences, in the wake of an organization’s downsizing, would influence employee–organization relationships and the employees’ decisions to remain with the organization. In investigating survivors’ responses to downsizing, informational justice was chosen as an antecedent of the survivors’ intentions to leave and Organization–Public Relationship (OPR) was hypothesized to function as a mediator between informational justice and turnover intentions. The results revealed significant associations between informational justice and OPR as well as associations (...) between OPR and turnover intentions in a downsizing context. Also, it was shown that OPR mediates the relationship between informational justice perceptions during the downsizing and turnover intentions after the downsizing. (shrink)

Purpose This study aims to investigate the applicability of ethical ideologies reflected by two dimensions of moral idealism and relativism, together with social norms, to the context of digital piracy. Design/methodology/approach This study used data from a survey of college students and conducted a series of hierarchical regression analyses. Findings This study found that digital piracy intention was dissimilar among four different ethical groups. Injunctive norm was a critical factor that affected internet users’ intention of digital piracy, yet it was (...) valid only for situationists and absolutists. For subjectivists and exceptionists, individual differences represented by ego-involvement and past experience of digital piracy played a more critical role than social norms in explaining digital piracy intention. Originality/value This study is the first attempt to apply the dimensions of moral idealism and relativism to the context of digital piracy. Thus, it suggests that more tailored approaches are recommended to reduce digital piracy for internet users’ varied ethical ideologies. (shrink)

The Department of Defense has a long history of Global Health Engagement, beginning with identifying and developing vaccines for yellow fever, influenzae, and malaria. Contemporary examples of global health engagement include the worldwide deployment of military assets to aid in natural disasters, and deployment of ship and land based medical teams for short‐term medical and surgical engagements. In 2017, the Department of Defense Instruction on Global Health Engagement was published to help guide these efforts. Surgery is an indispensable part of (...) global health and presents unique ethical challenges. (shrink)

The philosophical system of the Shangjunshu 商君書 (the Book of Lord Shang; hereinafter the BLS) can be understood by analyzing its theses concerning the concept of the shengren 聖人 (sage). Similarly, to other philosophical texts in Chinese philosophy, the BLS expresses its ideals through the concept of the sage, devoting a great deal of space to expounding on it rather than simply assimilating the ideal of a sage to that of any male of exceptional ability. In the BLS, the sage (...) establishes laws, defines all things, and attains fuguo qiangbing 富國強兵 (state enrichment and army strengthening) by combining agriculture and warfare. Focusing on the BLS's theses on the sage, we can better understand the complex philosophy stated in this book and possibly gain insight into the directions that humanity should pursue. (shrink)

Background Nurses in long-term care often experience moral distress. While moral distress has been reported to negatively impact nursing competence and patient outcomes, some studies suggest that it may contribute positively to nursing competence. Thus, knowledge regarding the impact of moral distress on nursing competence remains limited and inconsistent. Research aim This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of moral sensitivity and ethical climate on the relationship between moral distress and nursing competence. Research design This was a quantitative study (...) with a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design. Participants and research context A survey was conducted with 175 registered nurses working in long-term care hospitals in Korea. Data were collected in September and October 2023. The survey measured moral distress, moral sensitivity, ethical climate, and nursing competence using the Moral Distress Scale, the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, and an instrument for measuring nursing competence in long-term care hospitals, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 27.0 and the PROCESS macro program. Ethical consideration This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Informed consent was obtained from participants prior to data collection. Findings Moral distress did not have a significant direct effect on nursing competence; however, it had a positive impact on nursing competence through the mediation of moral sensitivity and ethical climate. Moral sensitivity and ethical climate demonstrated a dual mediating effect in the relationship between moral distress and nursing competence. Conclusion The findings of this study provide insights into how moral distress can positively contribute to nursing competence. Ensuring that nurses have high moral sensitivity and that organizations foster a positive ethical climate may help moral distress enhance nursing competence. (shrink)

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and irresponsibility (CSIR) impact firm risk in complex, dynamic ways, rather than as mere opposites. In a meta-analysis of 197 empirical studies, we find asymmetric patterns in which CSIR’s risk-generation effects outweigh CSR’s risk-mitigation effects. These impacts vary across dimensions of social outcomes, risk types, and contextual moderators. Moreover, CSR’s risk-mitigation effects are influenced by indirect paths related to CSIR, whereas CSIR’s risk-generation effects are not associated with indirect paths. Our findings highlight the nuanced interplay among (...) CSR, CSIR, and risk, offering new insights for future research on theoretical mechanisms, contexts, measurements, and methods. (shrink)

Cet article propose une étude préliminaire sur l’impact sociétal de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) au sein de la communauté coréenne de go, après la victoire d’AlphaGo sur Lee Se-dol en 2016. Si les avancées techniques de l’IA au go ont été largement médiatisées, ses implications culturelles et sociales restent peu explorées, notamment pour les apprenants et amateurs, qui forment la majorité de cette communauté. À partir de la littérature existante, l’étude identifie trois axes clés pour une enquête ethnographique: 1) le démantèlement (...) des connaissances anciennes de l’humain sur le jeu de go par l’IA; 2) les réactions contrastées des membres de la communauté; 3) la nécessité d’analyser dans quelle mesure expertise, pédagogie et loisir motivent l’usage de l’IA. (shrink)

The objective of our study is to explore scientific creativity with a focus on intellectual (thinking) skills in the cognitive aspect by analyzing scientific theories, which are basically the creativity of historical great scientists, Galileo, Newton, Einstein While our study laid stress on the cognitive domain, exploration of the creativity of great scientists is also connected with affective characteristics (motives, task commitment, etc.) and their environmental factors (incubation period). Great scientists of the science history were aware of the discrepancy issue (...) among different fields of study and long searched for solutions, which they held in their minds. As a result, they created a certain hypothesis using the abstraction strategy in which they leave only the considerations suitable for the world view of the time. Then, they conducted a thought experiment that justified it. The reason why it was difficult for general people to understand was that there was a domain transition beyond materials obtained in the abstraction process. Furthermore, they all had strong motives for the future as well as task commitment. Knowledge is a product of natural selection, and the fusion of knowledge that does not presuppose the unity of knowledge is meaningless. (shrink)

Poetics of Relation presents a powerful account of Relation. “Relation is an open totality evolving upon itself” whose elements “don’t blend” nor “lose themselves” in relation; instead, “each element can keep its… essential quality, even as it accustoms itself to the essential qualities and differences of others.” In its most absolute formulation, Relation enables “a relational practice affirming the multiplicity and diversity of components." The subject of relation “is not: (of) Being, but: —(of) beings”; there is no “Non-Being… except outside (...) of Relation”, for Relation facilitates the existence of all beings through the relation with the self, as it is through Relation that beings come into being. Insofar as Relation is total, it is the primordial condition of beings in the world to come into being. However, Relation exceeds the bounds of traditional Western metaphysics by facilitating a connection not only with the thought of the other, a constitutive object of the mind that reaffirms the self, but the other of Thought. It is Relation that enables the haunting connection to the other of Thought, an Other with such alterity that it lacks representation in Thought, which exerts an ethereal pressure to cause one to “have to act… [and] change [one’s] thought, without renouncing its contribution.” Relation remains as a set of relations that is total, constitutive, mutualist, mutable, and autotelic. (shrink)

Moral distress among healthcare clinicians is widely acknowledged but persistently misunderstood. The dominant institutional response has been to prescribe individual-level interventions, including resilience training, mindfulness programming, and wellness initiatives, to clinicians whose distress often arises from structural conditions beyond their control. This article argues that moral distress and its severe counterpart, moral injury, often arise from organizational ethics failure, while individual psychological factors shape how that distress is experienced rather than serving as its primary cause. Drawing on Pellegrino’s account of (...) institutional fidelity to the healing relationship, professional virtue ethics, and organizational ethics theory, the article identifies five structural drivers of moral distress, demonstrates that resilience-based responses constitute a form of moral offloading that compounds institutional harm, and proposes a four-component organizational ethics infrastructure as an affirmative institutional obligation. The article further argues that healthcare organizations must develop organizational ethics capacity beyond bedside consultation to include institutional review of the structures and policies that shape clinical practice. A healthcare institution that demands ethical commitment from its clinicians without ensuring the conditions necessary for ethical practice has violated a foundational professional obligation. (shrink)

Background Nurses providing care to patients with end-of-life or terminal illnesses often encounter ethically challenging situations leading to moral distress. However, existing quantitative studies have examined moral distress using instruments that address general clinical situations rather than those specific to end-of-life care. Furthermore, qualitative studies have often been limited to participants from a single unit or those experiencing moral distress-induced circumstances. A comprehensive and integrated understanding of the overarching process of moral distress is vital to discern the unique circumstances surrounding (...) end-of-life care and its consequential impacts. Research objectives To explore the moral distress experiences of nurses who are frequently involved in caring for patients with end-of-life or terminal illnesses and apply it to two existing theories: the model of moral distress and the ecological model. Research design A qualitative descriptive approach was employed. Participants and research context Seven focus group interviews involving 30 nurses were performed. The subsequent transcriptions underwent rigorous content analysis. Ethical considerations We obtained Institutional Review Board approval from a university. Focus group interviews were conducted with nurses who agreed to participate and signed the consent form. Findings The moral distress-inducing factors and nurses’ perceived impact of moral distress were identified and categorized based on moral distress theories and ecological models. A total of 15 categories and 30 subcategories across the following 4 domains were derived: (1) intrapersonal, (2) interpersonal, (3) organizational, and (4) structural factors. Conclusions End-of-life-specific circumstances induced moral distress among nurses, with both negative and positive impacts identified. Effective organizational and policy support is essential to manage conflicts, form a healthy organizational culture, provide training, and prevent unnecessary expenses due to the negative consequences of moral distress. (shrink)

Previous studies in Western contexts have examined the relationships between various board characteristics and CSR, yet the relationships need to be re-examined in non-Western contexts given differential theoretical premises across contexts. We specifically propose that the effects of board characteristics on CSR in Korea should be patterned distinctively from Western-based existing literature, focusing on three important board characteristics, such as a board’s independence, social ties, and diversity. Using a panel dataset from large Korean firms, we found that various relationships between (...) board characteristics and CSR were non-linear, whereas most of the previous research on Western contexts found that the same relationships were linear. Specifically, curvilinear relationships were found between CSR and board independence, CEO-outside director social ties, and educational diversity. Our findings suggest that there is no universal feature of CSR-supportive board characteristics due to the unique characteristics of various institutional contexts. (shrink)

The instrumental benefits of firm’s CSR activities are contingent upon the stakeholders’ awareness and favorable attribution. While social media creates an important momentum for firms to cultivate favorable awareness by establishing a powerful framework of stakeholder relationships, the opportunities are not distributed evenly for all firms. In this paper, we investigate the impact of CSR credentials on the effectiveness of social media as a stakeholder-relationship management platform. The analysis of Fortune 500 companies in the Twitter sphere reveals that a higher (...) CSR rating is a strong indicator of an earlier adoption, a faster establishment of online presence, a higher responsiveness to the firm’s identity, and a stronger virality of the messages. Incidentally, the higher CSIR rating is also found to be associated with the stronger virality. Our findings also suggest that socially responsible firms can harvest proactive stakeholders’ participation without investing more resources. As the first study that conceptualizes the social media as a proponent of CSR, this paper contends that “being socially responsible” makes more practical sense for firms with the rise of social media. (shrink)

Corporate social responsibility functions as a positive signal to stakeholders that a firm is a responsible corporate citizen. However, CSR is increasingly becoming an ambiguous signal of organizational goodwill because many companies engage in CSR purely out of self-interest, rather than genuine altruism. In this paper, we integrate attribution theory with signaling theory to explore how stakeholders react when they receive additional signals that contradict the company’s intended positive CSR signal. Specifically, we argue that morally questionable CEO ethics in the (...) media negatively influences stakeholders’ CSR motive attributions, which in turn results in increased cynicism that ultimately impacts CSR support intentions and behaviors. We find support for our hypotheses in a quasi-experimental study of stakeholder media exposure to different types of CEOs. Our findings demonstrate that stakeholders consider CEO ethics an important signal of CSR motives, and will shun the CSR initiatives of morally questionable CEOs. (shrink)

This study examines why individuals who are deeply embedded in the organization may engage in unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). Drawing from social identity theory and self-affirmation theory, we propose that deeply embedded employees may engage in UPB as a way of promoting or maintaining their status in the organization. We further propose that this positive relationship between organizational embeddedness and UPB, mediated through status perceptions, is stronger for employees working under managers who display low levels of ethical leadership. Using data (...) gathered in a two-wave survey from 224 working adults, the results of the study lend support for the hypothesized relationships and remained significant even after controlling for affective commitment. The study advances our understanding of both contextual and individual factors motivating employees to engage in UPB and the boundary conditions under which UPB can be reduced. (shrink)

We explored the need for an ecosystem approach based on relational systems when conducting research on South Korea’s cultural industry. We used Mollard’s (2009. L’ingeniere culturelle. Paris: PUF) idea of the participants in the French cultural system as a key reference and extended it to the notion of the platform, which is the core concept of South Korea’s cultural industry ecosystem (CIE). We also utilized the idea of the “semiotic square of consumption values” from Floch to explicate each platform and (...) participant, which play a significant role in South Korea’s CIE. By defining a role rooted in the relationship and values for each subject (i.e., the production, consumption, authority, and intermediary subjects), we aimed to better understand the ecosystem of the cultural industry and focused on K-pop as a specific aspect of South Korea’s cultural sector by identifying the current identity of each participant. (shrink)

Suffering and Evil in Nature: Comparative Responses from Ecstatic Naturalism and Healing Cultures, edited by Joseph E. Harroff and Jea Sophia Oh, provides many unique experiments in thinking through the implications of ecstatic naturalism. This collection of essays directly addresses the importance of values sustaining cultures of healing and offers a variety of perspectives inducing radical hope requisite for cultivating moral and political imaginings of democracy-to-come as a regulative ideal. Through its invocation of “healing cultures,” the collection foregrounds the significance (...) of the active, gerundive, and processual nature of ecstatic naturalism as a creative horizon for realizing values of intersubjective flourishing, while also highlighting the significance of culture as an always unfinished project of making discursive, interpretive and ethical space open for the subaltern and voiceless. Each contribution gives voice to the tensions and contradictions felt by living participants in emergent communities of interpretation—namely those who risk replacing authoritarian tendencies and fascist prejudices with a faith in future-oriented archetypes of healing to make possible truth and reconciliation between oppressor and oppressed, victimizers and victims of violence and trauma. These essays then let loose the radical hope of healing from suffering in a ceaseless community of communication within a horizon of creative democratic interpretation. (shrink)

Background: Although numerous studies on job satisfaction among nurses have been conducted, there is a lack of research considering the ethical perspectives of leadership and organizational climate in job satisfaction. Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of the ethical climate and ethical leadership as perceived by nurses on job satisfaction in South Korea. Research design: A descriptive and correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 263 nurses from four general hospitals in South Korea. (...) Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Institute Review Board of Hallym University before data collection. Results: Job satisfaction was positively correlated with ethical climate and ethical leadership. The ethical climate in relationship with hospitals and people orientation leadership were influential factors in the level of job satisfaction among nurses. Discussion: Organizations in the nursing environment should pay attention to improving the ethical climate with acceptable ethical norms in the workplace and nurse leaders should respect, support and genuinely care about their nurses in ethical concerns. (shrink)

This study analyzed the sensitivity between fund flow and fund performance with Korean funds, whether there would be a difference in the sensitivity between environmental, social and governance funds and non-ESG funds, and whether there was a difference in sensitivity according to the type of past fund performance. The main results of the analysis are as follows. First, the analysis of the fund flow–performance correlation of Korean funds revealed that they had a negative correlation and the ESG did not affect (...) fund flow. Analysis of the difference in sensitivity between fund flow and performance volatility revealed that there was a negative correlation regardless of the performance measuring method and ESG. Finally, the comparison of fund flow and performance sensitivity according to the type of past fund performance revealed that despite consistent asymmetry, there was little difference in sensitivity asymmetry between ESG funds and non-ESG funds. The results reveal that, unlike the expectation that investors in Korean ESG funds would focus more on non-financial properties like the purpose of investment than on profit, they attach the same importance to fund performance. (shrink)

This chapter explores Rainer Forst’s justification-centric view of nondomination toleration. This view places an idea of equal respect and a corresponding requirement of reciprocal and general justification at the core of non-domination toleration. After reconstructing this view, this chapter addresses two issues. First, even if this idea of equal respect requires the limits of non-domination toleration to be drawn in a manner that is equally justifiable to all affected people, equal justifiability should not be understood in terms of Forst’s requirement (...) of reciprocal and general acceptability. Second, for the equal justifiability of relevant constraints to ensure non-domination outcomes, discursive equality must be understood in substantive, purchase-sensitive terms. This means that a justification-centric view of non-domination toleration stands or falls with the participation value of what it regards as the standards of justification. This places reasonably contested matters of value at the heart of such views. (shrink)

Toleration is one of many responses toward diversity and difference. With the growing diversity, the theme of toleration has often taken center stage in discussions of multiculturalism and social pluralism. Nonetheless, it has not received much attention in the social work profession. Social workers often encounter situations in which they face a choice between tolerating and not tolerating. We argue that toleration is a legitimate and relevant topic in social work discourse. To make this point, first, this paper discusses different (...) conceptions of toleration. Then, it demonstrates its relevance to social work and explores a potential benefit of including the idea of toleration in social work discourse. Social work code of ethics implicitly supports toleration, or at least respect-toleration and esteem-toleration. Incorporating toleration in social work discourse may help social workers to better cope with or reduce ethical stress and disjuncture. (shrink)

Background: An understanding of the ethical concerns encountered by visiting nurses in the community is needed. Yet, there is a lack of research on this topic. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the ethical concerns that visiting nurses experience when caring for vulnerable older people living in a community. Design and sample: A qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore the nature of the ethical issues experienced by visiting nurses (N = 13) who care for vulnerable older (...) people, over 65 years of age, in a South Korean community. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with visiting nurses. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore the main themes of the phenomenon. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chung-Ang University Bioethics Committee in South Korea. Results: Four ethical themes emerged from the qualitative data: (a) quantitative performance rather than quality care, (b) clients being invisible, (c) tuning the level of the relationship with clients, and (d) facing the visiting nurses’ own limitations. Conclusion: This study provides a theoretical basis to understand the ethical aspects of visiting nurses’ interactions with clients, which should facilitate the development of ethical guidelines for visiting nurses to use in making ethical decisions in their practice. (shrink)

Prioritizing friendship is associated with many health and well-being benefits. However, to date, there have been relatively few studies that have examined cultural moderators of the link between friendship and important outcomes. In other words, is prioritizing friendships more beneficial in some contexts than others? In the current study, we examined how culture- and country-level factors were associated with the importance people place on friendships and the benefits derived from this importance. The sample comprised of 323,200 participants from 99 countries (...) from the World Values Survey. Multilevel analyses revealed that women, people with higher levels of education, and people living in countries that are more economically equal and high in indulgence placed more value on friendships. Prioritizing friendships in life was associated with better health and well-being, but these associations depended on many cultural factors. The findings are discussed in the context of the ways in which friendships can enrich health and well-being across different settings. (shrink)

What does it mean for nature to be sacred? Is anything supernatural or even unnatural? Nature’s Transcendence and Immanence: A Comparative Interdisciplinary Ecstatic Naturalism discusses nature’s divinizing process of unfolding and folding through East-West dialogues and interdisciplinary methodologies. Nature’s selving/god-ing processes are the sacred that is revealed as nature’s transcendent and immanent dimensions. Each chapter of Nature’s Transcendence and Immanence: A Comparative Interdisciplinary Ecstatic Naturalism shares a part of nature’s sacred folds that are complexes within nature that have unusual semiotic (...) density. These discussions serve to help restore a better relationship to nature as a whole through an innovative combination of research and ideas from a variety of traditions and disciplines. This collection not only introduces ecstatic naturalism and deep pantheism as sacred practices of philosophy and theology, but also invites a broader audience from a wide range of academic disciplines such as neuro-psychoanalysis, aesthetics, mythology, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence (AI). (shrink)

The purpose of this study was to identify how older Korean people seek information and their desire to participate in decision making about their health care. A total of 165 elderly people living in Seoul, South Korea, participated in the study. Data were collected during individual interviews using the Autonomy Preference Index. The mean information-seeking score was high. The mean score for their desire to participate with a physician in decision making was lower, but this was higher when family members (...) were involved. The study indicates that many older people want to receive information about their health care. Families (or guardians), as well as older people themselves, should be included in the decision-making process. Nurses can encourage older people to express their wishes, while treating each individual with respect. (shrink)

Research on recruitment shows that jobseekers display positive attitudinal and behavioral responses to potential employers' corporate social responsibility (CSR), while corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) works contrariwise. However, few studies have examined how jobseekers react to companies that show the two attributes in an inconsistent way. This study investigates how jobseekers' perceptions of a company, shaped by its CSR history, are changed based on its recent CSR/CSI practices. It also examines how jobseekers' moral traits affect their perceptions of and behavioral intentions (...) toward the company, influenced by the (in)consistency of its CSR. The results of a scenario-based experiment with 203 subjects show that jobseekers perceive a company with a strong (vs. weak) CSR history as warmer and infer that its CSR motive is genuine. However, when they obtain information about the company's recent CSI practices, they tend to perceive that the motivation of the previous CSR is not genuine and are less likely to be attracted by the company. This tendency is amplified when the jobseekers have a strong propensity to belong to ethical organizations. This research contributes to the literature on the effects of the (in)consistency of a company's CSR on its external stakeholders. (shrink)

Service providers working for a service organization are asked to express such positive emotions as joy, pleasure, and politeness required at the organizational level rather than their natural emotions they are experiencing at the moment. They cannot express their emotion they are actually going through and accordingly, their level of emotional labor and emotional dissonance influence on their job commitment and trust toward their organization. This study thus set out to investigate the effects of leading variables of emotional labor on (...) the level of emotional labor and the impact of emotional labor on organizational trust and organizational commitment with a subject group of college administrative staffs. Three underlying factors such as job stress, intimacy, and professionalism were identified as the determinants of emotional labor. Conceptual background about job stress, intimacy, emotional labor, and organizational effectiveness as the core variables of the study was investigated. Based on the conceptual background and our research questions, 5 research hypotheses and the proposed research model regarding the effects of emotional labor on organizational commitment and trust were developed. We also tried to include the moderating effects of work environment and gender of service providers on the research model. Unlike many different studies on emotional labor from the traditional perspective of service, this study also offers a practical implication by expanding and applying it to the field of college administrative service, which is an area where service providers are in the different working environment from the traditional company work environment. Finally, the managerial implications and the limitations of the study were also discussed. (shrink)

This is a compilation of papers presented at the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, held February 20-22, 1998 in Vancouver, Canada, hosted by the University of British Columbia Department of Linguistics. The conference drew a large number of participants, from around the world. The fifty papers in this volume address theoretical issues in Syntax, Phonology, the Syntax-Semantics and Syntax-Phonology interfaces, and Language Acquisition, and provide an exciting view of current theory in these areas.

Sumner B. (Barney) Twiss, who died in 2023, was for ten years a General Editor of the Journal of Religious Ethics (JRE). He was a frequent contributor of articles, a member of the JRE Editorial Board, and a member of the journal's Board of Trustees. In this article, colleagues and students reflect on some of his many contributions, not only to the JRE but to the broader discursive fields of comparative religious ethics and human rights.

The purpose of the paper is to analyse the translation into English and Korean of the old Polish criminal law terminology used by Adam Mickiewicz in his renown poem entitled “Master Thaddeus, or the Last Foray in Lithuania: A Nobility’s Tale of the Years 1811–1812, in Twelve Books of Verse” Mickiewicz (Pan Tadeusz czyli ostatni zjazd na Litwie. Historia szlachecka z roku 1811 i 1812 we dwunastu księgach wierszem). The research methods used encompass the analysis of parallel texts of the (...) poem. The authors first selected the fragments of the poem containing criminal law terminology. Next analysed two translations into English (Biggs in Master Thaddeus, or the last Forey in Lithuania—by Adam Mickiewicz, an Historical epic poem in XII books, translated from the original by Biggs, with a Preface by W.R. Morfill, M.A. and Notes, by the translator and Edmond Naganowski, Trübner et Comp, London, 1885 and MacKenzie in Adam Mickiewicz. Pan Tadeusz or the Last Foray in Lithuania. A Tale of the Gentry in the Years 1811 and 1812 translated into English verse with Introduction by Kenneth R. Mackenzie, Polska Fundacja Kulturalna, Londyn, 1990) and one into Korean Cheong et al. (『판 타데우시』 [Pan Tadeusz] Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, 2005). The findings reveal that the terminology under scrutiny in the majority of cases must be considered obsolete and legal system-bound. Mickiewicz (1834) referred to the laws binding Poles under the Third Lithuanian Statute (Wilno, 1774). Therefore, the translators had to face the challenge of deciphering the appropriate meanings and finding equivalents sufficiently conveying them. (shrink)