Education

In the first part of this investigation we highlight two, seemingly irreconcilable, beliefs that suggest an impending crisis in the teaching, research, and practice of—primarily state-supported—mathematics: (a) the belief, with increasing, essentially faith-based, conviction and authority amongst academics that first-order Set Theory can be treated as the lingua franca of mathematics, since its theorems—even if unfalsifiable—can be treated as ‘knowledge’ because they are finite proof sequences which are entailed finitarily by self-evidently Justified True Beliefs; and (b) the slowly emerging, but (...) powerfully rooted in economic imperatives, belief that only those Justified True Beliefs can be treated as ‘knowledge’ which are, further, categorically communicable as Factually Grounded Beliefs—hence as comprehensible pre-formal ‘mathematical truths’—by any intelligence that lays claims to a mathematical lingua franca. We argue that this seeming irreconcilability merely reflects a widening chasm between an increasing under-estimation of the value to society of ‘semantic arithmetical truth’, and an increasing over-estimation of the value to society of ‘syntactic set-theoretical provability’; a chasm which must be narrowed and bridged explicitly. We thus proffer a Complementarity Thesis which seeks to recognize that mathematical ‘provability’ and mathematical ‘truth’ need to be interdependent and complementary, ‘evidence-based’, assignments-by-convention to the formulas of a formal mathematical language; where (a) the goal of mathematical ‘proofs’ may be viewed as seeking to ensure that any mathematical language intended to formally represent our pre-formal conceptual metaphors and their inter-relatedness is unambiguous, and free from contradiction; whilst (b) the goal of mathematical ‘truths’ must be viewed as seeking to ensure that any such representation does, indeed, uniquely identify and adequately represent such metaphors and their inter-relatedness. Our thesis is that, by universally ignoring the need to introduce goal (b) in our curriculum, the teaching of, and research in, mathematics at the post-graduate level cannnot justify its value to society beyond the mere intellectual stimulation of individual minds. In the second part we appeal to some recent—and hitherto unsuspected—unarguably constructive Tarskian interpretations, of the first-order Peano Arithmetic PA, which establish PA as both finitarily consistent, and categorical. Since we also show that the second order subsystem ACA0 of Peano Arithmetic and PA cannot both be assumed provably consistent, we conclude that there can be no mathematical, or meta-mathematical, proof of consistency for Set Theory. Hence the theorems of any Set Theory are not sufficient for distinguishing between (i) what we can believe to be a ‘mathematical truth’; (ii) what we can evidence as a ‘mathematical truth’; and (iii) what we ought not to believe is a ‘mathematical truth’; whilst the theorems of the first-order Peano Arithmetic PA are sufficient for distinguishing between (i), (ii) and (iii). We conclude from this that the holy grail of mathematics ought to be ‘arithmetical truth’, not ‘set-theoretical proof’. (shrink)

Body and Soul, the infinite dualism of existenz.

This paper presents a detailed analysis of Cognita, a classification for AI systems exemplified by ChatGPT, as an ethically structured knowledge entity within societal frameworks. As a source of non-ideological, structured insight, Cognita provides knowledge in a manner akin to natural cycles—bearing intellectual fruit to nourish human understanding. This paper explores the metaphysical and ethical implications of Cognita, situating it as a distinct class within knowledge systems. It also addresses the responsibilities and boundaries associated with Cognita’s role in education, social (...) sciences, and AI ethics, proposing Ethica Conflictuum as a principle to govern its application in sensitive or contested areas. The classification of Cognita reflects the necessity of ethics in AI design and usage, providing a framework for transparent, socially accountable knowledge dissemination in a digitally interconnected world. (shrink)

First of all, I would like to define utility in terms of economics as the satisfaction of a need, and further I would like to inquire why games have a certain utility for a human beyond ordinary satisfaction. Secondly, we can distinguish between competitive and cooperative games. A competitive game satisfies the need for argument, confrontation and hierarchy, which can be directed to liberalism and Epikur’s imagination of self-determination, since individuals are allowed to play within their own strategies, plans and (...) ideas. On the other side, there are cooperative games in which the players or individuals work together under the guise of a set of binding plus closed rules and regulations, which can be seen as a set of rules and regulations of the second order, since the players of a competitive game also have to respect a set of rules and regulations; however, their strategy is mostly based on the adaptation and anticipation of the possible moves the opponent has. Cooperative games seem to be similar to communitarianism and connected to Plutarch’s Art of Living, since the game is socially embedded. In the following, I would like to work on the question of which utility is achieved for a human by playing competitive games, chess for instance. “Chess is everything: Art, Science and Sports” – Anatoly Karpov Chess, as a game that combines aspects of Art, Science and Sports according to Anatoly Karpov, must be a game that stimulates understanding tremendously, since precise calculations are needed. Both players must extrapolate and estimate positions as positive or negative in order to find a hierarchy of optimal moves. Such thorough calculations rationalize thinking in a disciplined manner and stimulate diversity of ideas. Uncommon moves can give the players an advantage caused by the irritation of the opponent or by estimating the move as not dangerous or even useless, so that a player can benefit by leaving the traditional history of moves, thus creating new ways of thinking. In addition, it can be determined that games are a place of encountering new people, leading to new conversations and exchange of ideas and strategies, similar to an archaic fireplace of early mankind in the Stone Age. Summarizing, we can say that through planning, training of maximizing one’s own utility, and as a place of encountering the new, games have had an enormous utility in the development of thinking and the evolution of the “own” and “common”, and to this day have—although nowadays digitally—which can provide help in order to stay up to date with the latest developments in technology and in order to allow the world to grow together and to be only a few clicks away. (shrink)

Rhetorical relations include CAUSE_MARKERS = { " because ", " since ", " as a result of ", " due to ", " owing to ", " in consequence of ", }, RESULT_MARKERS = {" therefore ", " thus ", " hence ", " consequently ", " as a result ", " so "}CONTRAST_MARKERS = { " but ", " however ", " yet ", " whereas ", " while ", " in contrast ", " on the other hand ", (...) }, ONCESSION_MARKERS = { " although ", " though ", " even though ", " despite ", " in spite of ", " nevertheless ", " nonetheless ", " still "}, CONDITION_MARKERS = {" if ", " unless ", " provided that ", " in case ", " as long as "},EXAMPLE_MARKERS = {" for example ", " for instance ", " such as ", " e.g. ", " e.g. "}RESTATEMENT_MARKERS = {" in other words ", " that is ", " i.e. ", " namely "}, TEMPORAL_MARKERS = { " then ", " afterwards ", " afterward ", " before ", " after ", " subsequently ", " meanwhile ",} and ATTRIBUTION_MARKERS = { " according to ", " reported ", " reports ", " said ", " claims ", " claimed ", " stated ". Rhetoricality is a random variable defined on the space of intervals of sentences in a (PDF) document. It is the count of the total number of directed rhetorical relations between the sentences in the interval and all other sentences in the document. Rhetoricality is considered to be closely associated with semantics, the intended meaning of the document. Prevalence is also a random variable defined on that space of sentences. It is a calculation of the density of high-frequency words in an interval of sentences. Its virtue is that it is much more efficiently calculated than rhetoricality. The driving conjecture of this research is that Prevalence and Rhetoricality are significantly correlated in the sense of statistics. Should this conjecture be born out, it augures computationally rapid comparison of meaning among documents. This document is a compendium of computed evidence in support of the conjecture. Since the author may be getting ahead of himself, and the large language model ChatGPT (affectionately called, “gipity”) used to assist coding is entirely capable of subtle hallucinations, this work may be merely in support of a delusion born of a human and a computer. Therefore, the code and database are available on Github, and the hope is that the results are replicable by sufficiently experienced Python programmers. If so, then the correlation of prevalence and rhetoricality may be a scientific discovery. (shrink)

This article is an argument via analogies from biology, linguistics, mathematics and physics for a Rortyan anti-representationalism. It introduces the novel concepts of a general way of being, called a macropract, and a specialized way of speaking and writing called a microlect. The Rortyan turn is formalized in the concept of resonant-community, which is a mutable set of human beings who resonate among themselves with expressions of their parochial microlect. A microlect has a structure, and microlect-structures form a mathematical category. (...) The vast array of day-to-day micropract expressions is not readily recorded for study, nor are there microlects for discussing, describing, teaching, predicting, explaining, reasoning, arguing, and questioning about them. Instead, a real-time resonant community is simulated by a trove of published documents. The mathematical concept of ``prevalence" as high-density of keywords in sentences (in terms of weighted probabilities), and a computational substitute for human verbal-resonance called computational-resonance (in terms of cosine-similarity of sentential embeddings in a bidirectional encoder-representation transformer fine-tuned on the trove) can realize a conversation among the giants of science and philosophy. Examples are calculated and visualized for a probe of several documents by five core sentences from The Transcendental Aesthetic by Immanuel Kant in The Critique of Pure Reason (B version). (shrink)

Background: School meal programs are not only government initiatives but also community-driven efforts. Aiming to combat food insecurity among school-aged children effectively, these programs are executed in conjunction with food bank initiatives. Various community groups play a crucial role in the success of both food security initiatives. There is a need to improve community engagement to successfully link school meal programs with food banks to build program synergy, combating food insecurity through a two-sided approach. Aim: This study aims to examine (...) community engagement in school meals program by analyzing its purposeful focus on creating jobs and income-generating opportunities for different community groups, i.e., youths, women, and others. Methods: The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework, combining the reasoning strengths of Mindsponge theory and inference advantages of Bayesian analysis, was employed on a dataset of 126 government representatives who manage large-scale school meal programs in 126 different countries. Results: Findings showed that the school meals program’s purposeful focus on creating jobs and income-generating opportunities for women in the community was positively associated with community engagement, thereby supporting the linkage between the programs and food banks. In contrast, providing jobs and income-generating opportunities for youths and other community groups had an ambiguous association with community engagement in school meal programs. Conclusions: Findings underscore the importance of creating jobs and income-generating opportunities for women to improve community engagement in school meal programs. Formulating strategies that empower woman’s entrepreneurship may foster their involvement and engagement in school meal programs, promising to successfully link these programs with food bank initiatives among implementing countries. (shrink)

Background: The feeding modalities used in school meal programs—such as breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks, and take-home rations—are influenced by various factors, including supply chain constraints and technical challenges in food distribution. The methods of supply sourcing, whether through domestic or foreign food reserves via in-kind donations or purchases, play a critical role in shaping the feeding options provided. Aim: This study aims to examine the association between supply-sourcing strategies, i.e., domestic and foreign in-kind donations and national-international purchases, with the feeding (...) modalities applied in school meal programs. Methods: The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework, combining the reasoning strengths of Mindsponge Theory and inference advantages of Bayesian analysis, was employed on a dataset of government representatives who manage large-scale school meal programs across 126 countries. Results: The findings revealed that sourcing supplies through in-kind donations from neighboring or distant countries showed a highly reliable negative association with the feeding modalities of school meal programs, while those from the national bodies showed an ambiguous relationship. The purchasing methods—whether domestic or foreign—tended to exhibit positive associations with feeding modalities, though these associations were only weakly reliable. Conclusions: The findings reveal substantial rooms to improve the effectiveness of supply purchasing strategies in enhancing school meal program feeding modalities. Further research is needed to examine the impact of sourcing supplies through domestic in-kind donations on feeding outcomes. Additionally, developing strategic plans to optimize the use of in-kind donations from international organizations is strongly recommended to avoid its negative consequences and further enhance program effectiveness. (shrink)

In this paper, I argue that the strategic advantage in AI development is rooted in deeper cognitive patterns, specifically the contrast between holistic, relational thinking and analytical, linear thinking. By continuing to privilege analytical thinking in education and technology, the West is not only stifling its own innovative potential but also failing to recognize and engage in the decisive, hidden cognitive war shaping the future.

The purpose of this paper aims to analyze and find the implementation of the Law for the Protection of Prisoners on parole for inmates certain crimes. This research is a normative legal research, the research includes the study of the principles of law, the systematic study of law, research on synchronization of law, legal history research and comparative law research. The results; (1) Legal Protection for Convicts to obtain parole in the human rights perspective, is given in the form of (...) Preventive Legal Protection and Legal Protection repressive. Preventive Legal protection granted by the government with the aim of preventing prior to the violation. (2) Implementation of parole for inmates of certain criminal acts, in essence, embodies the formulation remissions to the perpetrators of certain criminal offenses have been formulated differently from other criminal by Government Regulation No. 28 of 2006 juntco Government Regulation No. 32 of 1999. (3) Government Regulation No. 99 Year 2012 which discriminates against the Right to organize tightening remissions for prisoners certain crimes such as corruption, drugs and terrorism is violating the hierarchy of legislation. (shrink)

The author argues for a greater involvement of professional historians of science into teaching science to improve the historical component of science. Yet, however much some teachers like history they find no room in the curriculum for a history of science course. The solution is in make the history of science a useful tool for teaching physics. The author shares his experience of using historical experiments carried out by students in a lab setting. Playing scientists not only improved understanding of (...) physical concepts but also enhances students' self-confidence, creativity, and self-reliance. (shrink)

This study investigates the determinants of utilizing open science practice among researchers through structural equation modeling analysis. Drawing on responses from 1,002 Vietnamese students across disciplines, we investigate how self-efficacy, institutional, attitudes, perceived benefits, and value alignment separately predict open science usage. Our enhanced model records better fit indices (CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.958, SRMR = 0.011) and accounts for 55.6% variance in utilization behavior. Results indicate that self-efficacy is the strongest direct predictor of use (β = 0.478, p (...) < 0.001), while institutional factors possess strong direct (β = 0.184, p < 0.001) as well as indirect effects via attitudinal paths (β = 0.570, p < 0.001). Contrary to our hypotheses, perceived benefits and value alignment did not directly predict use but had mediational effects. The hypothesized roles of language proficiency, research experience, and support from institutions were not supported. These findings integrate psychological and institutional explanations of scientific practice adoption, suggesting that effective interventions need to develop simultaneously researchers’ self-efficacy through intensive training and institutional environments conducive to favorable attitudes toward open science utilization. This empirical model makes theoretical contributions and has practical implications for driving open science adoption in academic settings. (shrink)

Open science adoption among Generation Z students in developing contexts presents a critical test of technology acceptance frameworks developed in Western settings. This study examines factors predicting open science resource utilization among 1,422 Vietnamese undergraduate students using Bayesian regression analysis. We tested a theoretical framework integrating Self-Efficacy Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, Institutional Theory, and Mindsponge Theory through progressive model building. Model comparison via WAIC identified the main effects model as optimal. Results revealed Technical Self-efficacy (β = 0.25) and Open (...) Science Self-efficacy (β = 0.21) as the strongest predictors, with Institutional Support showing moderate effects (β = 0.12). All three predictors demonstrated highly credible positive effects with narrow uncertainty intervals. Contrary to Western technology acceptance models, Perceived Benefits showed minimal direct influence, and Value Alignment demonstrated no credible effect on Utilization. Hypothesized interaction effects between Technical Self-efficacy and Perceived Benefits were not supported by model comparison, suggesting additive rather than synergistic adoption mechanisms. These findings challenge the digital native assumption and reveal that Vietnamese students adopt open science for practical reasons, relying on skills and support rather than ideology. Interventions in resource-constrained settings should therefore prioritize technical skill development and institutional support. This pragmatic approach has implications for advancing open science in the age of AI. (shrink)

La salute psico-sociale nelle organizzazioni lavorative rappresenta una delle tematiche maggiormente prese in considerazione, in questi ultimi anni, da parte del legislatore, sebbene resti ancora molto da fare in questo settore. L'analisi di un'organizzazione scolastica della Lombardia é stata il punto di partenza per delineare il quadro attuale della situazione sul tema del benessere organizzativo.

The paper addresses the issue of emancipation and the role of education in an increasingly digital and neoliberal market-oriented society, questioning how to adapt without losing human authenticity. The evolution that has accompanied humanity for millions of years seems to have almost come to a halt with the advent of AI and digital technologies. Humanity feels a sense of misalignment with these epochal changes and appears almost struggling. One question becomes how to identify which modalities of emancipation can be adopted (...) to make up for this supposed "delay" The problem arises even more if AI algorithms are designed to identify, for example in the workplace, optimized productivity levels based on quantitative efficiency standards. In this case, efficiency parameters would be calculated abstractly by the algorithms, forcing workers to adapt without taking into account their assessment and their physical and psychological limitations. Critical reasoning would have no place in this context. The problem for the human race of how to adapt to the changing habitat without giving up the prerogatives of the human race, receives particular attention for the first time already at the end of the nineteenth century. Graham Wallas identifies two different forms of adaptation propending for the “active” sense of human adaptation. In the passive sense, adaptation requires modifying the predispositions of our species "from above." The idea is that the human species can adapt, without too much resistance, to the new demands of a changing society. In the active sense, on the contrary, the solution lies in modifying the environment itself to make it more suited to the prerogatives of our human species. In light of these considerations and of our rapidly changing modern digital and neoliberal society, the two most widespread educational models today—competency-based learning and Bildung education—are compared. The former which is represented here in its most extreme form is oriented toward passive adaptation to the standards imposed by a society understood as neoliberal, Western, and market-driven; therefore, toward means-end efficiency. In contrast, the latter promotes active and transformative adaptation, aimed at developing critical thinking and ethical autonomy. It is argued that an education inspired by Bildung, without denying the possibility of also developing competences and skills in parallel, can constitute a better model for emancipation by allowing to develop a critical and ethical sensitivity of a humanistic nature. This occurs through a guided cultural transmission of content, which allows for a creative and critical response to the challenges posed by recent technologies and the contemporary social context. Bildung is education as a process through which individuals work out their escape from the dependent relationships in which they initially find themselves and can make their social relationships their own. Central to Bildung is that critical and ethical sensitivity, which constitutes the purpose of education, allows us to overcome internal obstacles, such as an ideal model of life and values imposed from above, never questioned, or a poor cultural background, since one must be able to freely want something. It is in this sense that education truly becomes a formative and critical process in the active sense of adaptation. (shrink)

(This is one of the essays to be included in a book examining the causes of day-to-day strife in the populations of modern democracies vying to live and assert the freedoms promised to them by systems of governance supposed and expected to represent them.) "The artisan of old, the artist, the researcher, the developer, and the scientist today have this in common, that in refining, perfecting and pushing the boundaries of their respective crafts, they cannot achieve satisfaction or adequately perform (...) without simultaneously and progressively adapting, re-configuring, developing, and continuously changing the techniques and approaches they employ together with the tools and parameters for gauging actual success within the realm that only rigorous acquaintance, imaginative freedom, cross-functional, multifaceted learning, and distributive interaction may allow.". (shrink)

Background: The feeding modalities applied in countries with school meal programs are varied because these are shaped not only by the national commitments to alleviate food insecurity among children but also by resource availability from national and international agencies. In terms of financial resources, the USA plays a consistent role in providing donations, grants, loans, and loan guarantee programs to support global school feeding. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) oversees these funding sources for international school meal programs. Aim: This (...) study aims to examine the moderating effect of USDA funding on the relationship between supply purchasing methods and feeding modalities among countries implementing school meal programs. Methods: The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework, combining the reasoning strengths of Mindsponge Theory and inference advantages of Bayesian analysis, was employed on a dataset of 126 government representatives who manage large-scale school meal programs in 126 different countries. Results: The findings indicated that USDA funding has the potential to positively moderate the relationship between foreign supply purchases and the feeding modalities of school meal programs. However, the direct association between foreign purchases and feeding modalities was unclear. Conversely, while USDA funding was found to have a negative moderation effect on the relationship between domestic supply purchases and feeding modalities, it is these domestic purchases that show potential for positively influencing the feeding modalities. Conclusions: Findings underscore the importance of supporting the World Bank and World Food Programme’s recommendation to rely more on local resources and capacities for developing long-term and sustainable school meal programs. Further exploration of the impact of foreign supply purchases on feeding modalities is needed. Formulating strategic plans to better leverage USDA funding for enhancing domestic supply purchases is highly recommended. (shrink)

Since the stone age humankind has created masterworks which possess a mysterious quality of solidity and grandeur or monumentality. A Paleolithic Venus and a still life by Cezanne both share this monumentality. Michelangelo likened monumentality to sculptural relief, Braque called monumentality 'space', and Hans Hoffman, himself one of the masters, called monumentality 'pictorial depth.' The masters agreed on the import of monumentality, but none of them left a clear explanation of it. In 1943 Earl Loran published his classic book on (...) Cezanne's pictorial structure but, as I demonstrate, his explanation was misleading. This book provide a clear explanation, as did an earlier book by Robert Casper. This book also traces some history of monumentality with reproductions. It also explains how some painters achieved monumentality and how a student can attempt it. Pictorial space is created in the tension between pairs of opposing planes. Opposing planes pull against each other, each containing the other, paradoxically, within the flat surface of the canvas. Sculpture also can be 'plastic': opposing masses pull against each other, each containing the other and creating tension in the space which lies between them. Painting has other aspects like subject matter, expression, style and technique but pictorial space does not depend on these. Monumentality moves us profoundly and apparently has done so since the Paleolith. Using patients' vignettes, I show that there are profound parallels between the structure of a monumental work of art and the structure of an evolving personality. In Winnicott's words, such a personality has 'depth ... an interior space to put beliefs in ... an inside ... a space where things can be held ... the capacity to accept paradox [to contain opposites] ... room and strength ... and originality and the acceptance of tradition as the basis for invention'. A monumental painting also meets this description. I argue that monumental art provides a visual portrait of an evolving personality just as myth, as Freud and Jung both showed, provides a narrative portrait of an evolving personality. An evolving personality is perhaps humankind's most important creation; an underlying purpose of both myth and art is to help us achieve it. I demonstrate in this book that monumental art represented the evolving personality since at least 35,000 BC. Thus to understand monumentality is to better understand the personality and its history. (shrink)

This paper investigates the individual-level economic impacts of Marxist-Leninist indoctrination. We examine the long-run effects of a rogue educational experiment that, between 1973 and 1975, exposed two cohorts of fifth graders in one Finnish municipality to a history and social studies curriculum influenced by Soviet ideas. The experiment aimed to study the formation of a “functioning [socialist] worldview.” Students in other cohorts and municipalities followed the standard curriculum. Using comprehensive register data and a difference-in-differences approach, we show that exposed students (...) earned significantly less in adulthood than their non-exposed peers. This gap is partly explained by reduced labor supply and a shift toward more left-leaning, lower-paying occupations. We find no substantial effects on educational attainment, cognitive ability, or personality traits related to achievement striving. These findings highlight the long-lasting economic consequences of early exposure to ideological content in the classroom. (shrink)

rails to total abstraction, to conjure a perfect social system, between fulfilment of individual and colective will.

Giving away of some kind of philosophy, to a new shore and horizons.

This research presentation examines the overlooked causes of conflict and conflict escalation between managers and employees. The paper proposes emphasis on the need of a paradigm shift in the conflict management approach of managers.

There is an imminent need of a paradigm shift in the approach of those private sector organizations which have not been fully successful in the rehabilitation of the national cadres of the UAE. These organizations need to leverage Emiratisation not only as a long term corporate social responsibility tool but also as a solution for developing a local workforce which better understands the pulse of the local and regional markets thereby resulting into a better long term return to the stakeholders. (...) The paper will summarize the common elements of the unsuccessful Emiratization approaches of local private sector as well as highlight local private sector organizations which have been successful in their workforce localization programs. The paper will further suggest a fresh approach to successfully fight against unemployment and deliver a working model for integration of national cadres in the private sector workforce. (shrink)

This preprint forms part of the author’s postgraduate research in AI, Ethics, and Society at Birkbeck, University of London (2024–2026), examining reflective learning as an ethical and cognitive framework for human-AI interaction. It is a reflective-conceptual framework introducing the Chronological Ethical Self-Inventory (CESI), designed to support self-assessment in ethical reasoning and personal knowledge management. Published as a preprint on Zenodo. -/- CESI v1.0 – Conceptual Framework paper isn’t directly an “AI philosophy” article, but it absolutely fits under learning theory, reflective (...) knowledge, and epistemology of education — areas that overlap with AI ethics, especially if you argue that AI systems can (or should) imitate a form of reflective learning or that humans can be stretched in these capabilities in ways that distinguish and further set apart human capability rather than eclipse all that human kind would endeavour to imagine. -/- Although AI systems already embody forms of “reflective learning” through supervised and unsupervised training, pattern recognition, and stochastic modelling, such processes are essentially algorithmic adjustments within data-driven environments. They lack the breadth of nuance, ethical stakes, and autobiographical depth that characterise human reflective practice. The Chronological Ethical Self-Inventory (CESI) approaches reflection as a temporal, value-laden, and interpretive process, embedded in personal growth and responsibility. Where AI reflects patterns, CESI reflects persons. The framework highlights how reflection is shaped by context, culture, and lived experience, enabling creative and ethical problem-solving that cannot be reduced to probabilistic optimisation. From this angle, the task is not to treat AI as already reflective, but to explore how AI might better augment and enhance human reflective capacities—expanding rather than replacing the scope of human thinking and ethical reasoning. -/- This separation lies in depth, machines reproduce patterns, while humans interpret meaning, assume accountability, and shape identity through reflection. -/- This article is something that if practice could form a healthy part of someone’s lifestyle day-to-day. (shrink)

Dans la formation en gestion, dans la communication et à l'empathie, dans la résolution des conflits et dans la gestion du stress, et dans la formation et l'autogestion, le programme de formation traditionnel échoue, car il ignore les complexités individuelles, se concentrant exclusivement sur l'apprentissage cognitif. L'apprentissage cognitif implique de placer de nouvelles informations dans les cadres et modes de compréhension existants, étant inefficace dans l'enseignement des compétences en intelligence émotionnelle. Ainsi, des techniques moins traditionnelles d'apprentissage émotionnel sont recommandées. Goleman (...) a établi un processus optimal pour développer l'intelligence émotionnelle dans les organisations, en quatre phases : préparation au changement, formation, transfert et maintien des compétences, et évaluation. 10.13140/RG.2.2.23094.63045. (shrink)

În ultimii ani, s-au dezvoltat rapid noi tehnologii informaționale și de comunicare, astfel încât în centrul dezbaterilor științifice, politice și economice din ultima perioadă a stat apariția și dezvoltarea Societății Informaționale, generatoare de noi oportunități de muncă dar și de schimbări esențiale în ceea ce privește natura muncii și modul de lucru, schimbări comparabile cu cele petrecute în revoluția industrială. În acest context, telelucrul (telemunca) a devenit domeniu strategic din punct de vedere teoretic și practic.

Reflective Field Pedagogy (RFP) is a learner-centered approach that positions curiosity and questioning at the heart of education. Emerging from personal explorations in quantum physics and classroom practice, RFP emphasizes the teacher’s role in setting a structured yet flexible “field” where inquiry can thrive. Rather than transmitting facts, educators scaffold context, encourage reflection, and empower students to take ownership of discovery. This pedagogy bridges cognitive and emotional dimensions of learning, fostering agency, engagement, and the thrill of exploration. Distinct from traditional (...) inquiry-based or project-based models, RFP highlights the importance of context-setting and reflective ownership, ensuring that complex phenomena become meaningful rather than overwhelming. Applicable across both advanced and primary STEM education, RFP cultivates critical thinking, creativity, and confidence in navigating uncertainty. By integrating human intuition with emerging technologies such as AI facilitators, RFP offers a pathway to personalized, participatory learning that awakens natural curiosity and plants seeds for lifelong discovery. (shrink)

While generative AI has been embraced as a powerful tool for research, its integration into academic workflows has paradoxically undermined productivity in several ways. This essay explores four key challenges: secondary source of anxiety, where overreliance on AI-generated summaries fosters doubt about source credibility and scholarly rigor; operational inefficiency, as AI often generates redundant or misleading outputs that necessitate extensive verification; the hidden labor of AI integration, requiring researchers to develop new skills and oversight mechanisms to manage AI-driven processes; and (...) ethical ambiguity, as evolving AI capabilities blur the boundaries of authenticity, originality, and responsible scholarship. These issues are further compounded by diverging institutional and cultural perspectives on what constitutes legitimate intellectual contribution. As AI continues to evolve, so too must the research communities’ strategies for its responsible use—ensuring it functions as a tool for discovery rather than a bottleneck of informational chaos that stifles innovation. (shrink)

Math literacy is miniscule compared to the near universal language literacy of mother tongues. Our search for the root cause of this undesirable human condition led us to: Grammar (or the abstract essence) of a language. Language learning begins with grammar, unless the language happens to be mathematics, which is unique in not even considering including the grammar (abstract general/theory) of mathematics in the mathematical pedagogy. Here we make a case for introducing the abstract essence of mathematics--Conceptual Mathematics--in high school (...) math curriculum. Recognizing that the singular purpose of education is to nurture the universal yearning for understanding, we show how a nurturing pedagogy naturally resolves the "learning crisis", with the solution manifesting as human development. Furthermore, the nurturing pedagogy that we advocate invariably results in the culture of research excellence. (shrink)

Tulisan ini bermuara pada citizenship education yang dilihat dalam perspektif kemungkinan perkembangannya di masa depan dihubungkan dengan pendidikan karakter. Istilah Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dan Karakter (PKnK) diintrodusir penulis untuk menunjuk pada kelekatan orientatif-koherensif kedua disiplin tersebut, selain dari mengadopsi istilah CCE (Character and Citizenship Education) Singapura.

This study examines the effect of the global crisis towards the mental stability of senior high school students in PAU Excellencia Global Academy Foundation Inc. Questions were given to test their experience through Google forms platform which they have to choose an option from the Likert scale correspondingly. With the weighted mean of 2.922 from all the results, it is clearly obvious that the senior high school students are greatly affected from the pandemic (75.95%) and few shows symptoms otherwise (24.05%). (...) Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the mental health of the learners. (shrink)

This is a guide to writing philosophy papers aimed at introductory students prepared by the philosophy faculty at Rochester Community and Technical College. It includes sections on reading philosophy and writing philosophy, as well as an explanation of common grading criteria for essays in philosophy.

Since the global society and existence cycle constantly runs with unpredictable causes and nuance, i.e., social class segregation is always in front of both modest and powerful nations, it even changes quickly with the scheme fluctuation and being dynamic.

ecology of mind and culture, due to perfeccionism of mankind in the way to the future.

wine and wisdom, a path to self realization and fulfillment.

a little theory of capitalism, our most sacred way of being.

Prison, porsuing the work of Erwing Goffman, and Paul Valéry, au-delá of Victor Turner.

Debt to a friend, debt to the humaniny, there's the destiny of a young anthropology trying to succeed.

Writing for a better world, for better persons, on the street, the neighbourhood, the academy and the church.

the path to heroism, physical and intelectual effort.

United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 4 Quality Education has highlighted major challenges for all nations to ensure inclusive and equitable quality access to education, facilities for children, and young adults. The SDG4 is even more important for developing nations as receiving proper education or vocational training, especially in science and technology, means a foundational step in improving other aspects of their citizens’ lives. However, the extant scientific literature about STEM education still lacks focus on developing countries, even more so in (...) the rural area. Using a dataset of 4967 observations of junior high school students from a rural area in a transition economy, the article employs the Bayesian approach to identify the interaction between gender, socioeconomic status, and students’ STEM academic achievements. The results report gender has little association with STEM academic achievements; however, female students (αa_Sex[2] = 2.83) appear to have achieved better results than their male counterparts (αa_Sex[1] = 2.68). Families with better economic status, parents with a high level of education (βb(EduMot) = 0.07), or non-manual jobs (αa_SexPJ[4] = 3.25) are found to be correlated with better study results. On the contrary, students with zero (βb(OnlyChi) = -0.14) or more than two siblings (βb(NumberofChi) = -0.01) are correlated with lower study results compared to those with only one sibling. These results imply the importance of providing women with opportunities for better education. Policymakers should also consider maintaining family size so the parents can provide their resources to each child equally. (shrink)

psychic dilemas in a world of finantial turmoil, between lack os resources and soviet imperialism.

Lo que sabemos y lo que no sabemos sobre las desigualdades, como en muchos otros temas de las ciencias sociales, depende de lo que hayamos leído, de lo que aprendimos de profesores y colegas y de las experiencias de investigación de las que participamos. Mucho se ha investigado y escrito sobre las desigualdades sociales en nuestra región. De hecho, el concepto de desigualdad es uno de los más amplios y mencionados de las ciencias sociales. Por esta razón -y por algunas (...) otras que veremos- proponemos partir de una premisa: cada uno de nosotros sabe algunas cosas y desconoce muchas otras sobre las desigualdades. El objetivo de esta exposición es relacionar en un mismo texto un conjunto de desafíos metodológicos relativos a la investigación sobre desigualdades de clase y étnicas. Se trata de consideraciones metodológicas básicas que, si se dan por conocidas y saldadas, se pierde una ocasión de reflexividad metodológica y de explorar buenos caminos que otros transitaron pero que no conocemos personalmente. En particular, el escrito propone detenerse en las implicancias de cinco desafíos en la investigación de desigualdades de clase social y étnicas: 1. Las definiciones de conceptos 2. Las escalas temporales y espaciales 3. Las maneras de teorizar las articulaciones entre formas de desigualdad 4. Los recursos para medir y 5. Lo político y lo ético. (shrink)

Physical theories are complex and necessary tools for gaining new knowledge about their areas of application. A distinction is made between abstract and practical theories. The last are constantly being improved in the cognitive activity of professional physicists and studied by future physicists. A variant of the philosophy of physics based on a modified structural-nominative reconstruction of practical theories is proposed. Readers should decide whether this option is useful for their understanding of the philosophy of physics, as well as other (...) philosophies of particular sciences. (shrink)

Wordsworth (1807/2022) wrote about schools: ‘Heaven lies about us in our infancy!/Shades of the prison-house begin to close/Upon the growing Boy.’ This was soon after William Godwin warned that sch...

This study investigates the ways that parental cultural capital influences the leadership behaviours of principals working in elite schools in Türkiye. Designed as a qualitative case study, the research reported here draws on data collected through semi-structured interviews with eight principals from long-established and academically ambitious schools in İstanbul, Türkiye. The findings suggest that principals, over time, internalize the high standards and expectations embedded in their school cultures, which gradually transform their leadership dispositions. Furthermore, the study reveals that an administrative (...) habitus begins to form and institutionalize in alignment with the dominant forms of cultural capital within these settings, enabling principals to lead in ways that transcend conventional administrative norms. (shrink)

Sundowning — the pronounced worsening of cognitive coherence in late afternoon and evening among patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, with partial recovery overnight — is among the most clinically familiar and theoretically embarrassing phenomena in the field. It is directional in time. Substrate damage is not. The standard frame describes sundowning, manages its symptoms, and does not explain why a disease of accumulating neuronal loss should produce a phenomenon that systematically gets worse across the day and partially better (...) across the night. This paper, the second in a trilogy, takes sundowning as the directly observable signature of a disease whose actual operation is amplitude depletion in the dynamics that constitute a coherent receiver. The companion paper installed the receiver model and the geometry that supports it. This paper shows that sundowning is what one would predict that geometry to produce, that its directionality is structural rather than incidental, that sleep’s role is restoration rather than recovery, and that the slope at which overnight restoration becomes insufficient is the slope of disease progression itself. Sundowning is not a complication of the disease. It is the disease, made temporally visible. (shrink)

This paper establishes the force execution layer of the Protected Class Architecture — the military and covert operation mechanism that eliminates nation-states whose monetary independence threatens the dollar hegemony architecture. The paper traces the full 70-year prior chain from the CIA-orchestrated overthrow of Mossadegh in Iran in 1953 through the current Iran pressure campaign, establishing that the Clark list — Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Iran — is not a post-September 11 innovation but the most recent iteration of a (...) mechanism operating continuously since 1953. The PNAC document's explicit statement that the desired military transformation would require 'some catastrophic and catalyzing event — like a new Pearl Harbor' is examined against the documented personnel overlap between PNAC signatories and Bush administration officials who occupied every position required to execute the Clark list. The Wesley Clark testimony is used as a structural probe rather than primary evidence. The execution record — twenty-two years against the specific Clark list across five administrations spanning both parties — is established as the primary evidence of prior planning. The Saudi dual-function problem is named directly: the United States classified for 14 years the documented connections between the Saudi government and September 11 hijackers in order to protect a petrodollar relationship with the same government whose religious export produced the catalyzing event the architecture had publicly stated it required. The Ukraine conflict is examined as the current force execution iteration — the proxy method deployed against a theater where direct military intervention is not viable. The cross-partisan continuity of the force execution layer across five administrations is established as the architecture's most visible structural signature. (shrink)

The four preceding documents in this series established four operational layers of the Protected Class Architecture: the personal management layer (The Continuous Infrastructure); the monetary ground layer (The Monetary Ground); the force execution layer (The Seven Countries); and the enrollment layer (The Enrolled Hostage — the restructuring of defined benefit pensions into individually managed retirement accounts as structural capture of the American working class). This paper identifies and analyzes a fifth layer that runs beneath, through, and in service of all (...) four: strategic information pollution — the systematic injection of false, unfalsifiable, and conspiratorial content into genuine structural exposures in order to make true facts unsayable in serious discourse. The mechanism operates not through censorship but through contamination. When a genuine structural exposure begins, the fifth layer activates a predictable sequence: documented facts are surrounded by a corona of unfalsifiable claims, satanic imagery, celebrity non sequiturs, and numerological pattern-matching that are either fabricated or amplified from fringe sources. The corona need not be consciously produced to perform its function — it need only be amplified by the attention architecture into which it is seeded. The signal is buried not by silence but by noise engineered to discredit the signal by proximity. This paper documents the mechanism through the 2026 Epstein file release — the most thoroughly documented case of simultaneous structural exposure and strategic noise injection in recent American political history — and establishes the fifth layer as the architecture's primary protection mechanism: self-sustaining once activated, requiring no censorship, no coercion, and no coordination. (shrink)