sampu

Makasar

Alternative forms

• sampo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Sulawesi *sampu (“cousin”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu, from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild”). Cognate with Toraja-Sa'dan sampu (“cousin”), Buginese sappo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsampu/, [ˈsampʰu]
• Hyphenation: sam‧pu

Noun

sampu (Lontara spelling ᨔᨄᨘ)

1. cousin

Compounds

• sampu pinngappaʼ
• sampu pinruang
• sampu pintallung
• sampu sikali

Further reading

• A. A. Cense (2024), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek‎^[1], Brill, →DOI

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /samˈpuʔ/ [sɐmˈpʊʔ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uʔ
• Syllabification: sam‧pu

Etymology 1

Tagalog numbers ^(edit)

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←  1	←  9	10	11  →	20  →
		1
Cardinal: sampu     Spanish cardinal: diyes     Ordinal: ikapu, ikasampu, pansampu     Ordinal abbreviation: ika-10, pang-10     Adverbial: makasampu     Multiplier: sampung ibayo     Distributive: tigsampu, sampuan, sampu-sampu     Collective: pu, desena     Restrictive: sasampu     Fractional: kapulo, ikapulo, saikapulo, kapu, ikapu, saikapu, kasampu, sangkasampu, ikasampu, saikasampu
Tagalog Wikipedia article on 10

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *əsa

Proto-Austronesian *sa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋa

Proto-Austronesian *puluq

Proto-Austronesian *sa-ŋa-puluq

Tagalog sampulo

Tagalog sampuwo

Tagalog sampuo

Tagalog sampu

From earlier sampuo, from sampuwo, from older sampulo, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *sa-ŋa-puluq (“ten”). Compare Ilocano sangapulo, Central Bikol sampulo, Maranao sapolo', Tausug hangpu', Gorontalo mopulu, Malay sepuluh, Bima sampuru, and Hawaiian anahulu (“period of ten days”). By surface analysis, sam- +‎ pu, literally “one ten”.

Alternative forms

• sampo — colloquial
• sampouo, sangpouo — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• sampuo, sampuwo, sampwo, sangpuo, sangpuwo — obsolete
• sangpu — archaic

Numeral

sampû (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ)

1. ten

   Synonym: diyes

Usage notes

• To describe the quantity of something, the number is placed before the noun and affixed with -ng enclitic suffix when the word ends with a vowel, and a separate preposition, na, for a consonant.

  Isang saging, dalawang pinya

  One banana, two pineapples

  Apat na mansanas, anim na mangga

  Four apples, six mangos

Derived terms

• ikasampu
• kasampu
• makasampu
• pagsampuin
• panampu
• pansampu
• pasampu
• sampuan
• sampuin
• sampung daan
• sampung laksa
• sampung libo
• Sampung Utos
• sasampuin
• tigsampu

See also

• labing-

Etymology 2

Adverb

sampû (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ)

1. alternative form of sampon

   Bukas ang pintuan at nagpapakilalang naroroon na si Escosura at sampu ng mga padrino niya.

   The door is open and presents that Escosura and along with his godfathers are there.

Usage notes

• See sampo.

Further reading

• “sampu”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Serrano Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano (overall work in Tagalog and Spanish), Intramuros, Manila: Ateneo de Manila., page 1156
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[2] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.

Anagrams

• sumpa