Wiktionary

kak

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kak"
Languages (20)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Basque • Cebuano • Dutch • Livonian • Lower Sorbian • Lower Tanana • Malay • Mizo • Mokilese • Pipil • Romani • Russenorsk • Serbo-Croatian • Turkish • Unami • Volapük • Yucatec Maya
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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kak

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kayapa Kallahan.

See also

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English

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Khmer កាក់ (kak). Doublet of jiao.

Noun

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kak (plural kaks)

  1. A subdivision of currency, equal to one tenth of a Cambodian riel.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Afrikaans kak (“shit”), from Dutch kak (“shit”). See also cack.

Noun

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kak (uncountable)

  1. (South Africa, slang) Trouble.
    • 2008, Lauren Beukes, Moxyland, Jacana Media, →ISBN, pages 102–103:
      ‘You a cop? You with the guy inside?’ the shoppie says, bending his knees to talk to me confidentially. ‘Cos it was legitimate, okay? Bitch started pulling down the merchandise, falling around. Dronkie. She's been in here before, causing kak. Stealing shit. And how long is your friend gonna be in there anyway?’
  2. (South Africa, slang) Rubbish; nonsense.

Verb

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kak (third-person singular simple present kaks, present participle kakking, simple past and past participle kakked)

  1. (South Africa) To defecate.
Derived terms
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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch kakken (verb), from Middle Dutch cacken, and kak (noun), from Middle Dutch cac.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kak/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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kak (present kak, present participle kakkende, past participle gekak)

  1. (vulgar) to shit

Noun

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kak (uncountable)

  1. (vulgar) shit

Basque

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Noun

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kak

  1. absolutive plural of ka
  2. inessive indefinite of ka
  3. inessive singular of ka

Cebuano

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Etymology

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From English cock, from Middle English cok, from Old English coc, cocc (“cock, male bird”), from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz (“cock”), probably of onomatopoeic origin.

Verb

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kak

  1. to prepare a firearm for firing
  2. (colloquial) to reach inside one's pants to adjust the penis especially during an unwanted erection

Noun

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kak

  1. the sound of a cocking firearm

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch cac, deverbal from cacken; see kakken. Compare English cack.

Noun

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kak m (uncountable, diminutive kakje n)

  1. (vulgar) shit, feces
    Synonym: poep
  2. (vulgar, informal) arrogance
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Berbice Creole Dutch: kaka
  • Negerhollands: kaka, koka

Interjection

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kak

  1. (vulgar) shit, damn
    Synonyms: shit, kut, fuck, klote
    Kak, ik kom te laat. ― Shit, I'm running late.

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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kak

  1. inflection of kakken:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Livonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kakku, borrowed either from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*kakō) or Proto-Germanic *kakǭ. Cognate with Estonian kakk, Finnish kakku.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑk/, [ˈkɑkː]

Noun

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kak

  1. (flat, small) cake

Declension

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Declension of kak (79)
singular (ikšlu’g) plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv) kak kakūd
genitive (genitīv) kak kakūd
partitive (partitīv) kakkõ kakīdi
dative (datīv) kakkõn kakūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl) kakkõks kakūdõks
illative (illatīv) kakkõ kakīž
inessive (inesīv) kaksõ kakīs
elative (elatīv) kakstõ kakīst

References

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  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “kak”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[4] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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Modified from Proto-Slavic *kako.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkak/
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Syllabification: kak

Adverb

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kak

  1. how

Lower Tanana

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Etymology

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Equivalent to -ka' (“foot”) + k'e (“on”). Compare Ahtna kaekʼ.

Root

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kak

  1. to track

Stem set

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Aspect Imperfective Perfective Future Optative
Momentaneous kax kak kwx kax

References

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  • Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 234

Malay

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Etymology

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Clipping of kakak.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkak/ [ˈkaʔ]
  • Rhymes: -aʔ
  • Hyphenation: kak

Noun

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kak (plural kak-kak or kak2)

  1. older sister
  2. term of address for a female acquaintance who is older but in the same generation
  3. older sibling (rare)
  4. older brother (rare)

Mizo

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Etymology

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From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kak.

Verb

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kak

  1. (intransitive) to crack, split open

Further reading

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Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kak

  1. (intransitive) to jump

Derived terms

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References

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  • Harrison, Sheldon P.; Albert, Salich Y. (1977), Mokilese-English Dictionary‎[5], Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 91

Pipil

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Etymology

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Compare with Classical Nahuatl kaktli.

Noun

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kak

  1. sandal; footwear
    Synonym: kakti

Further reading

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  • Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
  • Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Romani

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Two etymologies have been proposed:

  1. Inherited from Proto-Middle Indo-Aryan *𑀓𑀸𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*kākka), from Dravidian.[1][2] Compare Hindi काका (kākā).[2]
  2. Possibly borrowed from Iranian.[3] Compare Persian کاکا (“uncle”), though this itself is also from the Indo-Aryan word above.

Noun

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kak m (nominative plural kaka)

  1. uncle

References

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  1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*kākka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 153
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994), “kak¹”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 132
  3. ^ Yaron Matras (2002), “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction‎[1], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 25

Further reading

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  • Marcel Courthiade (2009), “o kak, -es m. -a, -en = o kàk/o, -os m. -e, -en”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 184
  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “kak”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22

Russenorsk

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Russian как (kak, “how”)

Adverb

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kak

  1. how, what
    Kak tvoja levom?
    How do you do?

References

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  • Ingvild Broch; Ernst H. Jahr (1984), Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag

Serbo-Croatian

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Adverb

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kak (Cyrillic spelling как)

  1. (Kajkavian) how
  2. (Kajkavian) as, like
  3. (colloquial, Croatia) informal form of kako

Conjunction

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kak

  1. (Kajkavian) as, like
  2. (colloquial, Croatia) informal form of kako
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Turkish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkak/
  • Hyphenation: kak

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قاق (ḳaḳ),[1][2] from Proto-Turkic *kak (“dry”).[3][4][5]

Cognates

Noun

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kak (definite accusative kakı, plural kaklar)

  1. (colloquial, dialectal) Dried fruits like apples, pears, apricots, peaches etc.
    Synonyms: kuru meyve, (dialectal) çir
  2. (colloquial, dialectal) Dried meat.
  3. (dialectal, figuratively) A skinny person.
  4. (dialectal) A pool of rain water on mountains or between rocks.
Declension
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Declension of kak
singular plural
nominative kak kaklar
definite accusative kakı kakları
dative kaka kaklara
locative kakta kaklarda
ablative kaktan kaklardan
genitive kakın kakların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular plural
1st singular kakım kaklarım
2nd singular kakın kakların
3rd singular kakı kakları
1st plural kakımız kaklarımız
2nd plural kakınız kaklarınız
3rd plural kakları kakları
definite accusative
singular plural
1st singular kakımı kaklarımı
2nd singular kakını kaklarını
3rd singular kakını kaklarını
1st plural kakımızı kaklarımızı
2nd plural kakınızı kaklarınızı
3rd plural kaklarını kaklarını
dative
singular plural
1st singular kakıma kaklarıma
2nd singular kakına kaklarına
3rd singular kakına kaklarına
1st plural kakımıza kaklarımıza
2nd plural kakınıza kaklarınıza
3rd plural kaklarına kaklarına
locative
singular plural
1st singular kakımda kaklarımda
2nd singular kakında kaklarında
3rd singular kakında kaklarında
1st plural kakımızda kaklarımızda
2nd plural kakınızda kaklarınızda
3rd plural kaklarında kaklarında
ablative
singular plural
1st singular kakımdan kaklarımdan
2nd singular kakından kaklarından
3rd singular kakından kaklarından
1st plural kakımızdan kaklarımızdan
2nd plural kakınızdan kaklarınızdan
3rd plural kaklarından kaklarından
genitive
singular plural
1st singular kakımın kaklarımın
2nd singular kakının kaklarının
3rd singular kakının kaklarının
1st plural kakımızın kaklarımızın
2nd plural kakınızın kaklarınızın
3rd plural kaklarının kaklarının

Etymology 2

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Imperative form of kakmak.

Verb

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kak

  1. second-person singular imperative of kakmak

References

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  1. ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890), “قاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1419
  2. ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911), “قاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 931
  3. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*KAk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  4. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  5. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972), “kak/ka:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 608

Further reading

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Unami

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Algonquian [Term?], from Proto-Algic *ki·la·hka.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kak anim (plural kakàk)

  1. brant (type of goose)
    Synonym: menkixsu

References

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  • Rementer, Jim with Pearson, Bruce L. (2005), “kak”, in Grant Leneaux, Raymond Whritenour, editors, The Lenape Talking Dictionary, The Lenape Language Preservation Project

Volapük

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Noun

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kak (genitive kaka, plural kaks)

  1. cocoa

Declension

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Declension of kak
Singular Plural
Nominative kak kaks
Genitive kaka kakas
Dative kake kakes
Accusative kaki kakis
Predicative1 kaku kakus
Vocative o kak o kaks
  1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Yucatec Maya

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Noun

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kak

  1. obsolete spelling of kʼáakʼ
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