噉

噉 U+5649, 噉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5649 ← 噈 [U+5648] CJK Unified Ideographs 噊 → [U+564A]

Translingual

Han character

噉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+12, 15 strokes, Cangjie input 口一十大 (RMJK), four-corner 6804₀, composition ⿰口敢)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 208, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4299
• Dae Jaweon: page 431, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 679, character 10
• Unihan data for U+5649

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撖	*kʰɯːm, *kʰreːmʔ, *ɡraːmʔ
澉	*l̥ʰaːms, *klaːmʔ
噉	*l'aːmʔ
敢	*klaːmʔ
橄	*klaːmʔ
瞰	*kʰlaːms
闞	*kʰlaːms, *qʰreːmʔ, *hŋraːms
憨	*qʰaːm, *qʰlaːms
譀	*qʰlaːms, *qʰraːms, *qʰraːb
巖	*ŋraːm
礹	*ŋraːm, *ŋamʔ
豃	*qʰraːmʔ
讝	*kjam
玁	*hŋramʔ
嚴	*ŋam
儼	*ŋamʔ
曮	*ŋamʔ
釅	*ŋams

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 噉 – see 啖 (“to eat; to dine; to feed; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 啖).

Etymology 2

trad.		噉
simp. #		噉
alternative forms		咁

Originally written as 咁; the functions of the two words differentiated in late 19th century. Likely from the fusion of 嗰物 (go³ mat⁶) (Cheung, 2013).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam²

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gam²
    • Yale: gám
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵/

Definitions

噉 (Cantonese)

1. this/that way; this/that manner; like this/that; like so; such a way

   噉唔得㗎！ [Cantonese]  ―  gam² m⁴ dak¹ gaa³! [Jyutping]  ―  This will not work! / This will not do!

   佢係一個噉嘅人。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   佢系一个噉嘅人。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   keoi⁵ hai⁶ jat¹ go³ gam² ge³ jan⁴. [Jyutping]

   He/she is someone like this.

   噉就完咗喇！ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   gam² zau⁶ jyun⁴ zo² laa⁴! [Jyutping]

   Is that all!? / It's over just like that?

   點可以噉㗎？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   点可以噉㗎？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   dim² ho² ji⁵ gam² gaa³? [Jyutping]

   How can it be so?

   未見過佢喊成噉。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   未见过佢喊成噉。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   mei⁶ gin³ gwo³ keoi⁵ haam³ seng⁴ gam². [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 1888, James Dyer Ball, Cantonese Made Easy, Hongkong: 'China Mail' office, page 89:

     冇邊個噉做 [Cantonese, trad.]
     冇边个噉做 [Cantonese, simp.]

     mou⁵ bin¹ go³ gam² zou⁶ [Jyutping]

     no one (or nobody) does so

   • 2023, “INTERNET YAMERO”, 中岛文 (lyrics)‎^[2][3]performed by 雪霏岚岚, cover of INTERNET YAMERO [INTERNET YAMERO]:

     「今日去咗做心理咨询啊　医生佢劝我戒网咁话喔　[……]」 [Cantonese, simp.]
     「今日去咗做心理咨詢啊　醫生佢勸我戒網咁話喔　[……]」 [Cantonese, trad.]

     “gam¹ jat⁶ heoi³ zo² zou⁶ sam¹ lei⁵ zi¹ seon¹ aa³, ji¹ saang¹ keoi⁵ hyun³ ngo⁵ gaai³ mong⁵ gam² waa⁶ wo⁵, [...... ]” [Jyutping]

     I went and got a therapist / When I went to see them, they told me to “get off the internet” […]

   1. (after a nominal phrase or predicate) like; as if

      好似喺度催緊我噉 [Cantonese, trad.]
      好似喺度催紧我噉 [Cantonese, simp.]

      hou² ci⁵ hai² dou⁶ ceoi¹ gan² ngo⁵ gam² [Jyutping]

      as if they were trying to hurry me

      你做乜成碌竹噉㗎？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

      nei⁵ zou⁶ mat¹ seng⁴ luk¹ zuk¹ gam² gaa³? [Jyutping]

      Why are you just like a bamboo?

   2. (before a verb) attached to the phrase before to form a manner modifier for the verb

      佢慢慢噉行。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

      keoi⁵ maan⁶ maan^6-2 gam² haang⁴. [Jyutping]

      He/she walks slowly.

      將朱古力當飯噉食 [Cantonese, trad.]
      将朱古力当饭噉食 [Cantonese, simp.]

      zoeng¹ zyu¹ gu^2-1 lik^6-1 dong³ faan⁶ gam² sik⁶ [Jyutping]

      to eat chocolate as if it was a meal

2. in that case; then

   噉我返去先啦。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   gam² ngo⁵ faan¹ heoi³ sin¹ laa¹. [Jyutping]

   I'll be leaving first then.

Synonyms

• (to form adverbs): (Mandarin) 地 (de)
• (this, like this): (Mandarin) 那 (nà)
• (in this case, then): (Mandarin) 那 (nà)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam² / gan²

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gam² / gan²
    • Yale: gám / gán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam² / gan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem² / gen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵/, /kɐn³⁵/

Definitions

噉

1. alternative form of 減 / 减

Japanese

Kanji

噉

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. bite
2. chew

Readings

• On (unclassified): たん (tan)、だん (dan)
• Kun: くらう (kurau)、くらわす (kurawasu)

Korean

Hanja

噉 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam)

1. to eat
2. to feed

Vietnamese

Han character

噉: Hán Việt readings: đạm, hám
噉: Nôm readings: dám, ngoảm

1. chữ Nôm form of dám (“to dare to do something”)

Zhuang

Noun

噉

1. Sawndip form of gemj (“cheek (of face)”)