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Portal:Kurdistan

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The Kurdistan Portal

Kurdish-inhabited areas (according to CIA, 1992)[1][2]

Kurdistan (Kurdish: کوردستان, lit. 'land of the Kurds'; [ˌkʊɾdɪˈstɑːn] ⓘ), or Greater Kurdistan, is a roughly defined geo-cultural region and stateless nation in West Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population and the Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Geographically, Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges.

Kurdistan generally comprised the following four regions: southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan). Some definitions also include parts of southern Transcaucasia. Certain Kurdish nationalist organizations seek to create an independent nation state consisting of some or all of these areas with a Kurdish majority, while others campaign for greater autonomy within the existing national boundaries. The delineation of the region remains disputed and varied, with some maps greatly exaggerating its boundaries.

Historically, the word "Kurdistan" is first attested in 11th century Seljuk chronicles. Many disparate Kurdish dynasties, emirates, principalities, and chiefdoms were established from the 8th to 19th centuries. Administratively, the 20th century saw the establishment of the short-lived areas of the Kurdish state (1918–1919), Kingdom of Kurdistan (1921–1924), Kurdistansky Uyezd i.e. "Red Kurdistan" (1923–1929), Republic of Ararat (1927–1930), and Republic of Mahabad (1946).

In Iraq, following the Aylūl Revolt, the government entered into an agreement with the rebellious Kurds, granting Kurds local self-rule. Soon after, however, the agreement collapsed. Later, during the Iraqi no-fly zones conflict, which followed the Gulf War, the Iraqi military withdrew from parts of northern Iraq, allowing the Kurds to fill the vacuum and regain lost control in those areas. After the invasion of Iraq, and since the creation of the new Iraqi federal state, the new constitution issued in 2005 recognises Kurdistan Region as a federal region; even though the constitution does not include the term "autonomy", it emphasises decentralisation and devolution, allowing regions and governorates to administer local affairs. In practice, however, only Kurdistan Region has exercised this authority granted by the constitution. In September 2017, Iraqi Kurds held a one-sided independence referendum, which eventually failed and was abandoned. The subsequent effort by the Iraqi government to punish Kurdistan Region has resulted in the latter losing authorities it had previously possessed, and the future of Kurdish autonomy in Iraq has been called into question. Iraqi Kurdish officials have also complained of efforts by the Iraqi government to return to the pre-2003 centralized government and dismantle Kurdistan Region altogether.

There is also a Kurdistan province in Iran, which is not self-ruled. Kurds fighting in the Syrian civil war, under the banner of the Syrian Democratic forces, established the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (commonly called Rojava), a self-governing administration which seeks to retain its autonomy in a proposed federalized Syria. (Full article...)

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Şivan Perwer during a ceremony in July 2016

Şivan Perwer (born İsmail Aygün on 23 December 1955) is a Kurdish poet, writer, music teacher, and singer. Perwer fled Turkey in 1976 due to bans and restrictions imposed on Kurdish music. He lived in continuous exile for 37 years, returning to Diyarbakır on 16 November 2013 upon an invitation by the prime minister of Turkey at the time, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

Perwer also holds several honorary doctorates in music. (Full article...)

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Newroz as celebrated by Kurds
Photograph credit: Salar Arkan
Newroz is the Kurdish celebration of Nowruz, the arrival of spring and the new year in Kurdish culture, observed in many parts of Eurasia that are historically influenced by Persian culture and Zoroastrianism. At Newroz, Kurds celebrate the victory of the legendary Kaveh the Blacksmith over the tyrant Zahhak; in the modern era, the holiday has become associated with resistance to Turkish rule. These Kurds were photographed at a celebration of Newroz in Bisaran, Iran, in 2017.
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Sources

  1. ↑ "Kurdish lands". Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  2. ↑ "The Kurdish lands". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
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