extrude

See also: extrudé

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs

Proto-Italic *eks

Latin ex

Latin ex-

Proto-Indo-European *trewd-der.

Proto-Italic *troudō

Latin trūdō

Latin extrūderebor.

English extrude

Borrowed from Latin extrūdere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪkˈstɹuːd, ɛk-/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːd

Verb

extrude (third-person singular simple present extrudes, present participle extruding, simple past and past participle extruded)

1. To push or thrust out.
   • 1967, M.R. Calton, Welding of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys‎^[1], US Patent 3477117, page 6:

     It is theorized that when the surface velocity is below certain minimum values the material at the interface between workpieces WP-1 and WP-2 rolls up and extrudes from the interface in the form of long twisted cylindrical projections which are sometimes referred to as "dingle-berries."

   • 2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 6:

     Fire salamanders, which are common on forested hillsides in southern and central Europe, extrude secretions onto their skin containing a neurotoxic alkaloid, Samandarin, when they think they are under attack.

   • 2015, Joan Horvath, Rich Cameron, 3D Printing with MatterControl, page 153:

     When a printer is extruding and has open spaces in a layer, printers pull the filament back so that stringing does not occur.

   • 2017, Richard Horne, 3D Printing For Dummies:

     Researchers at the University of Warwick have created conductive polycaprolactone (PCL)-based filament by mixing carbon black into melted plastic before it's extruded as filament; they call the result carbomorph.

2. (transitive) To form or shape (a metal, plastic etc.) by forcing it through a die or an opening.
3. (transitive) To expel; to drive off.

Derived terms

• coextrude
• extrudability
• extrudable
• extrudate
• extrudite
• pultrude
• unextruded

Related terms

• extruder
• extrusion

Translations

to push or thrust out

• Armenian: արտամղել (hy) (artamġel)
• Bulgarian: изтиквам (bg) (iztikvam), избутвам (bg) (izbutvam)
• Finnish: pursua (fi), tursua (fi)
• French: extruder (fr)
• German: hinausdrängen (de), herausdrücken/rausdrücken/drücken (de), herauspressen (de)/rauspressen/pressen (de), hinausstoßen/ausstoßen (de)
• Italian: estrudere (it)
• Māori: whakawhetē
• Spanish: extrudir (es), extruir (es)

to form or shape by forcing through a die

• Bulgarian: щанцовам (štancovam)
• Danish: ekstrudere
• Finnish: pursottaa (fi)
• German: extrudieren (de), (in Form drücken/informdrücken/formdrücken/)drücken (de), (in Form pressen/informpressen/formpressen/)pressen (de)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} extruder (fr)

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛk.stʁyd/
• Homophones: extrudent, extrudes

Verb

extrude

1. inflection of extruder:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɛkˈstruː.dɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ekˈstruː.de]

Verb

extrūde

1. second-person singular present active imperative of extrūdō

Portuguese

Verb

extrude

1. inflection of extrudar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative
2. inflection of extrudir:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eɡsˈtɾude/ [eɣ̞sˈt̪ɾu.ð̞e]
• Rhymes: -ude
• Syllabification: ex‧tru‧de

Verb

extrude

1. inflection of extrudir:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative