Tsjad

Afrikaans

Alternative forms

• Tsjaad (dated)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

Tsjad

1. Chad (a country in Central Africa; capital: N'Djamena)

Derived terms

• Tsjadiër
• Tsjadies

Icelandic

Alternative forms

• Tjad

Proper noun

Tsjad n (proper noun, genitive singular Tsjad or (uncommon) Tsjads)

1. Chad (a country in Central Africa)

Declension

Declension of Tsjad (sg-only neuter)

indefinite singular
nominative	Tsjad
accusative	Tsjad
dative	Tsjad
genitive	Tsjad, Tsjads1

¹Uncommon.

Norwegian Bokmål

The flag of Chad.

Chad in Africa.

Guelta d'Archei on the Ennedi Plateau in Chad.

Alternative forms

• Tchad (superseded in 1995)

Etymology

A 1995 respelling of Tchad, the former standard Norwegian spelling. The older form is ultimately from French Tchad, the French name of the country, which takes its name from Lake Chad.

The lake name is traditionally connected with Kanuri tsade (“lake; large expanse of water”). However, Gustav Nachtigal recorded the Kanuri name of the lake as Tsâd and reported that the name appeared to mean “large body of water” in the dialect of the earlier inhabitants of the western shore, the Sô and related peoples. The deeper linguistic origin is therefore uncertain. Modern Kanuri has Sádǝ for “Chad”.

Compare the parallel adaptations Norwegian Nynorsk Tsjad, Danish Tchad, Swedish Tchad, German Tschad and English Chad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʃɑːd/, [tʃɑːd]
• Rhymes: -ɑːd
• Hyphenation: Tsjad

Proper noun

Tsjad

1. Chad; a country in Central Africa, Africa, a landlocked country with Ndjamena as its capital.

   Tsjad har store klimatiske forskjeller mellom Sahara i nord og savanneområdene i sør. ― Chad has large climatic differences between the Sahara in the north and the savanna regions in the south.

   • 2025 December 11, Ketil Fred Hansen, “Tsjad”, in Store norske leksikon‎^[1]:

     Tsjad er en innlandsstat i Sentral-Afrika.

     Chad is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

Usage notes

• The official Norwegian long-form name is Republikken Tsjad (“the Republic of Chad”).

Derived terms

• tsjader (“a Chadian”)
• tsjadisk (“Chadian”)

See also

countries in Africa: land i Afrika (appendix)edit

• Algerie
• Angola
• Benin
• Botswana
• Burkina Faso
• Burundi
• Den demokratiske republikken Kongo
• Den sentralafrikanske republikk
• Djibouti
• Egypt
• Ekvatorial-Guinea
• Elfenbenskysten
• Eritrea
• Eswatini
• Etiopia
• Gabon
• Gambia
• Ghana
• Guinea
• Guinea-Bissau
• Kamerun
• Kapp Verde
• Kenya
• Komorene
• Lesotho
• Liberia
• Libya
• Madagaskar
• Malawi
• Mali
• Marokko
• Mauritania
• Mauritius
• Mosambik
• Namibia
• Niger
• Nigeria
• Republikken Kongo
• Rwanda
• São Tomé og Príncipe
• Senegal
• Seychellene
• Sierra Leone
• Somalia
• Sudan
• Sør-Afrika
• Sør-Sudan
• Tanzania
• Togo
• Tsjad
• Tunisia
• Uganda
• Zambia
• Zimbabwe

References

• “Rettskrivningsvedtak 1962–2003”, Språkrådet.
• Ketil Fred Hansen, “Tsjad” in Store norske leksikon.
• Rolf Theil, “kanuri (språk)” in Store norske leksikon.
• Henry Tourneux (2008), “Le nom des Sao : essai d’étymologie”, Comptes rendus du Groupe Linguistique d’Études Chamito-Sémitiques, pages 135–144.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Proper noun

Tsjad

1. Chad (a country in Central Africa)

Related terms

• tsjadar
• tsjadisk