Cesàrolite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Cesàrolite
Giuseppe R. P. Cesàro
Formula:
PbMn4+3O6(OH)2
Colour:
Steel-grey
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic, Dull
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
5.29
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named in 1920 by Henri Jean Francois Buttgenbach and C. Gillet in honor of Giuseppe Raimondo Pio Cesàro [September 7, 1849 Naples, Italy - June 20, 1939 Comblain-au-Pont, Belgium], Professor of Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Liége.
A rare, but inconspicuous secondary Pb(II)-Mn(IV)-oxide.
Chemically related to (the Pb-poorer) coronadite.
Chemically related to (the Pb-poorer) coronadite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
939
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:939:9
IMA Classification of Cesàrolite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Cesàrolite
4.FG.10
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
G : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; unclassified
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
G : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; unclassified
7.6.1.1
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
6 : (AB)5X8
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
6 : (AB)5X8
7.11.27
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
11 : Oxides of Sn and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Csà | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Cesàrolite
Sub-Metallic, Dull
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel-grey
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Density:
5.29 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Cesàrolite
Comments:
In polished sections the crusts are inwardly isotropic and outwardly composed of anisotropic spherules.
Chemistry of Cesàrolite
Mindat Formula:
PbMn4+3O6(OH)2
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Cesàrolite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 2.8106(1) Å, c = 20.386 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 7.253
Unit Cell V:
139.46 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Friable, coke-like masses; botryoidal crusts.
Comment:
Point Group: n.d. ; Space Group: R ; Z = n.d.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.40 Å | (40) |
| 3.21 Å | (10) |
| 2.194 Å | (100) |
| 2.087 Å | (80) |
| 1.760 Å | (50) |
| 1.563 Å | (50) |
| 1.406 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Type Occurrence of Cesàrolite
General Appearance of Type Material:
botryoidal crusts and cokelike masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris
Laboratory of Mineralogy, University of Liège
Laboratory of Mineralogy, University of Liège
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Cesàrolite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 10 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| 6 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 5 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 3 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 2 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 2 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 2 photos of Cesàrolite associated with Siderite | FeCO3 |
| 1 photo of Cesàrolite associated with Oxyplumboroméite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| 1 photo of Cesàrolite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| 1 photo of Cesàrolite associated with Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.FG.05 | Janggunite | Mn5-x(Mn,Fe)1+xO8(OH)6 |
| 4.FG.15 | Kimrobinsonite | (Ta,Nb)(OH)5-2x(O,CO3)x ; x near 1.2 |
| 4.FG.20 | Langhofite | Pb2(OH)[WO4(OH)] |
| 4.FG.25 | Tashelgite | CaMgFe2+Al9O16(OH) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Cesàrolite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-939.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Cesàrolite
Localities for Cesàrolite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Auer et al. (2017) |
| Kolitsch (2013) | |
| C.Auer (2014) |
| Tomazic et al. (2012) |
Bulgaria | |
| Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Annual ... |
Canada | |
| Cleaver et al. (2021) |
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš et al. (2023) |
| Sejkora et al. (2009) |
France | |
| Lheur (2023) |
| Gol et al. (2010) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Gol et al. (2010) | |
| Georges FAVREAU collection and EDX ... |
| Favreau et al. (2024) |
| Favreau et al. (2024) | |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Reinhardt et al. (2016) |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
Greece | |
| Schusser et al. (2022) |
| Rieck et al. (2022) | |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll: Minerals of Szár Hill |
Italy | |
| Vergani et al. (2021) |
| Parola et al. (2023) +1 other reference |
| Onac (2025) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2021) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2021) |
Japan | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Poland | |
| Pieczka et al. (2015) +2 other references |
Portugal | |
| Alves (n.d.) |
Russia | |
| Silyanov et al. (2021) |
| Kasatkin et al. (2021) |
Spain | |
| Calvo et al. (2018) |
| Abella i Creus (2018) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Thailand | |
| Sacchi (2017) +1 other reference |
Tunisia (TL) | |
| Ann.Soc.Geol. Belgique (1920) |
UK | |
| John Betterton collection |
| Green et al. (2008) |
| Green et al. (2008) |
| Bridges et al. (2011) | |
| Turner et al. (2010) |
| Cotterell (2006) +1 other reference |
| Cotterell (2007) +2 other references |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Hewett et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
Quick NavTopAbout CesàroliteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Sidi Amor ben Salem Mine, Slata Pb-Zn deposit, Tajerouine, Kef, Tunisia