Manganhumite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Manganhumite
Sir Abraham Hume
Formula:
(Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2
Colour:
Pale to deep brownish-orange
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
3.83
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1978 by Paul Brian Moore for its chemical composition as the Mn-dominant member of the group and relationship to humite, which was named after Sir Abraham Hume [February 20, 1749 London, England, UK – March 24, 1838 Wormley Bury. England. UK], English connoisseur and collector of gems, minerals and artwork.
Dimorph of:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2470
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2470:5
IMA Classification of Manganhumite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Mn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)2
Approval year:
1969
First published:
1978
Classification of Manganhumite
9.AF.50
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
52.3.2c.3
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
14.18.12
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mnhu | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Manganhumite
Sub-Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale to deep brownish-orange
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010}
{010}
Density:
3.83(5) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.84 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured with Berman torsion balance
Optical Data of Manganhumite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.707(3) nβ = 1.712(3) nγ = 1.723(3)
2V:
Measured: 37° (4), Calculated: 70°
Birefringence:
Moderate
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.016
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v weak
Pleochroism:
Not Visible
Chemistry of Manganhumite
Mindat Formula:
(Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Ca,F,H20,P
Crystallography of Manganhumite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.54 Å, b = 21.45 Å, c = 4.82 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.491 : 1 : 0.225
Unit Cell V:
1,089.72 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Anhedral grains, to about 1 cm
Comment:
Space Group: Pbnm
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000686 | Manganhumite | Francis C A, Ribbe P H (1978) Crystal structures of the humite minerals: V. Magnesian manganhumite American Mineralogist 63 874-877 |  | 1978 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 1.777 Å | (10) |
| 2.500 Å | (7) |
| 3.371 Å | (6) |
| 2.628 Å | (6) |
| 1.525 Å | (6) |
| 2.752 Å | (5) |
| 2.813 Å | (5b) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Manganhumite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Anhedral grains up to 1 mm in greatest dimension. Pale to deep brownish-orange. Often show small inclusions of katoptrite and magnetite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 119819.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 137016, 162626.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 119819.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 137016, 162626.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Skarn
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Manganhumite
Other Language Names for Manganhumite
Dutch:Manganhumiet
German:Manganhumit
Manganohumit
Manganohumit
Russian:Мангангумит
Simplified Chinese:锰硅镁石
Spanish:Manganhumita
Relationship of Manganhumite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Manganhumite Subgroup:
| Alleghanyite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Sonolite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AF. | Chegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3(OH)2 |
| 9.AF. | Jingwenite-(Y) | YAlV4+(SiO4)O2(OH)2 |
| 9.AF. | Barwoodite | Mn2+6Nb5+(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 |
| 9.AF.05 | Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| 9.AF.05 | Xenolite | Al10Si8O31 |
| 9.AF.10 | Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| 9.AF.10 | Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| 9.AF.15 | Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| 9.AF.20 | Krieselite | Al2(GeO4)F2 |
| 9.AF.20 | Mullite | Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x |
| 9.AF.23 | Boromullite | Al9BSi2O19 |
| 9.AF.25 | Yoderite | Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH) |
| 9.AF.30 | Zincostaurolite | Zn2Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| 9.AF.30 | Staurolite | Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| 9.AF.30 | Magnesiostaurolite | Mg(Mg,Li)3(Al,Mg)18Si8O44(OH)4 |
| 9.AF.35 | Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| 9.AF.40 | Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| 9.AF.45 | Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| 9.AF.45 | Kumtyubeite | Ca5(SiO4)2F2 |
| 9.AF.45 | Reinhardbraunsite | Ca5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 9.AF.45 | Hydroxylchondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.45 | Alleghanyite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite) | Ca7(SiO4)4F2 |
| 9.AF.50 | Humite | Mg7(SiO4)3F2 |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite) | Mg7(SiO4)3(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.50 | Fluorchegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3F2 |
| 9.AF.55 | Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.55 | Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| 9.AF.55 | Sonolite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.60 | Leucophoenicite | Mn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.65 | Ribbeite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.70 | Jerrygibbsite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.75 | Franciscanite | Mn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 |
| 9.AF.75 | Scorticoite | Mn6(Sb,◻)Σ2(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Welinite | Mn2+6(W6+,Mg)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 |
| 9.AF.75 | Örebroite | Mn2+3(Sb5+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(O,OH)3 |
| 9.AF.80 | Ellenbergerite | Mg6(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)2(Al,Mg)6Si8O28(OH)10 |
| 9.AF.85 | Magnesiochloritoid | MgAl2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.85 | Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.85 | Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| 9.AF.90 | Olmiite | CaMn2+[SiO3(OH)](OH) |
| 9.AF.90 | Poldervaartite | CaCa[SiO3(OH)](OH) |
| 9.AF.95 | Pilawite-(Y) | Ca2Y2Al4(SiO4)4O2(OH)2 |
Other Information
Notes:
Dissolves in warm dilute HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Manganhumite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2470.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Manganhumite
Reference List:
Moore, Paul Brian (1978) Manganhumite, a new species. Mineralogical Magazine, 42 (321) 133-136 doi:10.1180/minmag.1978.042.321.20
Francis, Carl A., Ribbe, Paul H. (1978) Crystal structures of the humite minerals: V. Magnesian manganhumite. American Mineralogist, 63 (9-10) 874-877
Moore, Paul Brian (1978) Manganhumite, a new species. Mineralogical Magazine, 42 (321) 133-136 doi:10.1180/minmag.1978.042.321.20
Fleischer, Michael, Chao, George Y., Pabst, and Adolf (1979) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 64 (1-2) 241-245 p.243
Winter, G. A., Essene, E. J., Peacor, D. R. (1983) Mn-humites from Bald Knob, North Carolina: mineralogy and phase equilibria. American Mineralogist, 68 (9-10) 951-959
Localities for Manganhumite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China | |
| Pingyi Wan (2002) |
| Pingyi Wan (2002) |
| Pingyi Wan (2002) |
| Pingyi Wan (2002) |
| Pingyi Wan (2002) | |
France | |
| Ragu et al. (2025) |
Japan | |
| White et al. (1982) |
Romania | |
| Hîrtopanu et al. (2003) | |
| Hârtopanu et al. (1996) |
| Hirtopanu et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) |
| Hîrtopanu (1997) +1 other reference |
Sweden | |
| Holtstam et al. (1999) |
| |
| Raade (1993) | |
| Moore (1978) |
| Nysten (2003) | |
| - (n.d.) | |
USA | |
| Färber (n.d.) |
| Dunn (1985) +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:130-135. |
| Tracy et al. (2003) |
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Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA