Koechlinite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Koechlinite
Rudolf I. Koechlin
Formula:
Bi2MoO6
Colour:
Greenish yellow, white to light gray; greenish yellow in transmitted light
Lustre:
Silky
Specific Gravity:
8.26 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1914 by Waldemar Theodore Schaller in honor of Rudolf Ignatz Koechlin [November 11, 1862 Wien, Austria - February 11, 1939 Wien, Austria], Austrian mineralogist and Curator of the mineral collection of the Vienna Natural History Museum (former Hof-Museum), Vienna, Austria.
A rare secondary mineral occurring in the oxidation zones of Bi-Mo deposits.
The molybdate analogue of russellite.
The molybdate analogue of russellite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2235
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2235:0
IMA Classification of Koechlinite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1914
Classification of Koechlinite
4.DE.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
E : With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
E : With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra
48.2.2.1
48 : ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : A2XO4
48 : ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : A2XO4
27.3.4
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
3 : Molybdates
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
3 : Molybdates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Kcl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Koechlinite
Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Greenish yellow, white to light gray; greenish yellow in transmitted light
Streak:
Pale greenish yellow
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}, perfect on {0kl}, imperfect.
On {010}, perfect on {0kl}, imperfect.
Density:
8.26 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Koechlinite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 2.52 nβ = 2.61 nγ = 2.67
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.150
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In shades of greenish yellow.
Comments:
2V measured = large.
Chemistry of Koechlinite
Mindat Formula:
Bi2MoO6
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Koechlinite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pna21
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.4822 Å, b = 16.1986 Å, c = 5.5091 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.338 : 1 : 0.34
Unit Cell V:
489.23 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals thin, square to rectangular plates striated parallel [010] and laths flattened on {010}; spheroidal aggregates of laths; massive or earthy incrustations.
Twinning:
{101} as twin plane, penetration and contact twins. Composition face {101} or {010} in contact twins.
Comment:
Pseudotetragonal; space group based on synthetic material.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009999 | Koechlinite | Teller R G, Brazdil J F, Grasselli R K, Jorgensen J D (1984) The structure of gamma-bismuth molybdate, Bi2MoO6, by powder neutron diffraction Acta Crystallographica C40 2001-2005 |  | 1984 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Epitaxy Comments:
Parallel growths with an unidentified orthorhombic mineral reported.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.131 Å | (100) |
| 1.647 Å | (90) |
| 1.918 Å | (80) |
| 1.628 Å | (70) |
| 2.733 Å | (60) |
| 1.936 Å | (60) |
| 1.570 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Koechlinite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts: #64801. U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA: #R6411, 93646.
Other Language Names for Koechlinite
Dutch:Koechliniet
German:Koechlinit
Russian:Кехлинит
Simplified Chinese:钼铋矿
Spanish:Koechlinita
Traditional Chinese:鉬鉍礦
Relationship of Koechlinite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Koechlinite Group:
| Russellite | Bi2WO6 | Orth. mm2 : Pca21 |
| Tungstibite | Sb3+2WO6 | Orth. 2 2 2 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 10 photos of Koechlinite associated with Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| 8 photos of Koechlinite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 5 photos of Koechlinite associated with Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| 2 photos of Koechlinite associated with Russellite | Bi2WO6 |
| 2 photos of Koechlinite associated with Native Bismuth | Bi |
| 2 photos of Koechlinite associated with Wolframite Group | |
| 2 photos of Koechlinite associated with Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| 2 photos of Koechlinite associated with Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| 1 photo of Koechlinite associated with Sardignaite | BiMo2O7(OH) · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Koechlinite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.DE. | Colchesterite | Bi3+2Mo6+2O9 |
| 4.DE. | Pertoldite | GeO2 |
| 4.DE. | Ziroite | ZrO2 |
| 4.DE.05 | Downeyite | SeO2 |
| 4.DE.10 | Koragoite | (Mn2+,Fe3+)3(Nb,Ta,Ti)2(Nb,Mn)2(W,Ta)2O20 |
| 4.DE.15 | Russellite | Bi2WO6 |
| 4.DE.15 | Tungstibite | Sb3+2WO6 |
| 4.DE.20 | Tellurite | TeO2 |
| 4.DE.25 | Paratellurite | TeO2 |
| 4.DE.30 | Bismutotantalite | BiTaO4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Stibiotantalite | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Cervantite | Sb3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Bismutocolumbite | Bi(Nb,Ta)O4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Stibiocolumbite | Sb(Nb,Ta)O4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Clinocervantite | Sb3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DE.35 | Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| 4.DE.40 | Billwiseite | Sb3+5Nb3WO18 |
| 4.DE.45 | Kyawthuite | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
Other Information
Notes:
Readily soluble in HCl, less so in HNO3.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Koechlinite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2235.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Koechlinite
Reference List:
Frondel, Clifford (1943) New data on agricolite, bismoclite, koechlinite, and the bismuth arsenates. American Mineralogist, 28 (9-10) 536-540
Zemann, Josef (1956) Die Kristallstruktur von Koechlinit, Bi2MoO6. Heidelberger Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrographie, 5 (2). 139-145 doi:10.1007/bf01129682
van den Elzen, A. F., Rieck, G. D. (1973) Redetermination of the structure of Bi2MoO6, koechlinite. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 29 (11) 2436-2438 doi:10.1107/s0567740873006801
Localities for Koechlinite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Rankin et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Sharpe et al. (2004) |
| Clissold (2007) | |
| Petrella (2015) |
| R Bottrill |
| Birch (2001) |
| Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Hodge (1970) |
China | |
| www.minsocam.org (2009) |
Czech Republic | |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) |
| Jiří Sejkora - Sekundární minerály ... |
| Samples was analysed by P. Pauliš. |
| J.Sejkora | |
Europe | |
| Paulis et al. (2003) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) +1 other reference |
| |
| Journal of the Washington Academy of Science (1914) +2 other references | |
| Massanek et al. (2005) |
| Witzke et al. (2007) |
| Witzke et al. (2007) |
Italy | |
| Gentile et al. (2023) |
| Gentile et al. (2023) |
| Orlandi et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi et al. (2005) | |
| - (n.d.) |
Japan | |
| 浜地忠男 (1961) +1 other reference |
| Sadanaga et al. (1974) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Jeremolenko (2002) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Mexico | |
| dan weinrich |
Poland | |
| Kozłowski et al. (2016) |
| Mochnacka et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
South Africa | |
| S. Weinert (2006) +1 other reference |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2018) |
| Calvo (2009) |
UK | |
| M.Wirth collection |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Dunning et al. (1998) |
| Dunning et al. (2005) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Cooper et al. (1991) |
| Wolff et al. (2014) |
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Daniel Mine, Neustädtel, Schneeberg, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany