Kamacite
A variety of Native Iron
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About Kamacite
Formula:
(Fe,Ni)
α-(Fe,Ni).
Colour:
Grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
From the Greek "kamask" meaning "shaft" or "lath".
A nickel-rich variety of iron; α-(Fe,Ni).
The principle constituent of a typical octahedrite meteorite with about 92% iron and 7% nickel.
Compare also taenite, γ-(Ni,Fe).
The principle constituent of a typical octahedrite meteorite with about 92% iron and 7% nickel.
Compare also taenite, γ-(Ni,Fe).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2143 (as Kamacite)
2047 (as Native Iron)
2047 (as Native Iron)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2143:8 (as Kamacite)
mindat:1:1:2047:9 (as Native Iron)
mindat:1:1:2047:9 (as Native Iron)
Classification of Kamacite
Dana 7th ed.:
1.1.17.3
1.1.11.1
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
1.62
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
Physical Properties of Kamacite
Optical Data of Kamacite
Type:
Isotropic
Chemistry of Kamacite
Mindat Formula:
(Fe,Ni)
α-(Fe,Ni).
α-(Fe,Ni).
Element Weights:
| Element | % weight |
|---|---|
| Fe | 100.000 % |
Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Co,C,P,S
Crystallography of Kamacite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Cell Parameters:
a = 2.86 Å
Unit Cell V:
23.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Synonyms of Kamacite
Nickel-iron alloy (in part)
Other Language Names for Kamacite
Varieties of Kamacite
| Wickelkamazite | A name given to kamacite surrounding accessory constituents in meteoritic irons. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 157 photos of Kamacite associated with Taenite | (Ni,Fe) |
| 73 photos of Kamacite associated with Troilite | FeS |
| 31 photos of Kamacite associated with Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| 26 photos of Kamacite associated with Native Iron | Fe |
| 25 photos of Kamacite associated with Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| 22 photos of Kamacite associated with Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| 13 photos of Kamacite associated with Plessite | |
| 11 photos of Kamacite associated with Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| 11 photos of Kamacite associated with Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr3+2S4 |
| 11 photos of Kamacite associated with Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Kamacite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Kamacite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2143.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
References for Kamacite
Reference List:
Reed, S.J.B (1965) Election-probe microanalysis of the metallic phases in iron meteorites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 29 (5) 535-549 doi:10.1016/0016-7037(65)90045-1
Ramsden, A. R., Cameron, E. N. (1966) Kamacite and taenite superstructures and a metastable tetragonal phase in iron meteorites. American Mineralogist, 51 (1-2) 37-55
Localities for Kamacite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Algeria | |
| Wlotzka (ed.) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Newton et al. (1995) |
| Mason et al. (1966) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2020) |
Angola | |
| Wood (1967) +2 other references |
| Sighinolfi et al. (1990) |
Antarctica | |
| Shen et al. (2022) |
| Shen et al. (2022) | |
| - (2010) | |
| Yin et al. (2018) | |
| Lee et al. (2019) |
| Zhang et al. (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Weisberg (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1967) |
| Lin et al. (1991) | |
| Krinov (1965) +1 other reference |
| Prinz et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| Ravich et al. (1968) +2 other references |
| El Gorsey et al. (1988) |
| Sönmez et al. (2025) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2014) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2014) | |
| Brandstätter et al. (2014) | |
| Bouvier et al. (2016) +1 other reference | |
| bersite |
| Jeffrey N. Grossman (1988) | |
| Scott et al. (1981) +2 other references | |
| Nagahara (1980) | |
| Berkley et al. (1985) | |
| Rubin (1990) | |
| Gannoun et al. (2011) | |
| Nagahara (1882) +2 other references | |
| Scott et al. (1981) +2 other references | |
| Meteorite Working Group (1985) +1 other reference |
| FOGEL (1997) | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin 84 (Aug.2000) | |
| Burroni et al. (2008) | |
| Enstatite +2 other references |
| Anzures et al. (2024) |
| McCoy et al. (2006) | |
| Danielson et al. (2009) |
Argentina | |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Scott (1977) +1 other reference |
| M. A. Nazarov et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| |
| Taylor et al. (1971) +1 other reference |
Armenia | |
| Nazarov et al. (1993) |
Australia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Tchirvinsky (1919) +1 other reference |
| Fujita et al. (1991) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1966) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Edwards (1943) +1 other reference |
| Phil Schmitz +1 other reference |
| Madigan (1939) |
| 1. Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta +19 other references |
| Excalibur Minerals CATALOG #20506 - ... +2 other references |
| Ebihara et al. (1997) +2 other references |
| Brearley et al. (1998) |
| Keller et al. (1992) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1966) +1 other reference |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +2 other references |
| Alderman (1940) +2 other references |
| Cohen (1897) +1 other reference |
| Ma et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
| Scott et al. (1971) |
| Buseck et al. (1972) |
| en.wikipedia.org (2005) |
| Bevan A (1993) | |
| Bevan et al. (1988) |
| Gennady P. Vdovykin (1970) |
| Am Min 67:126-131 | |
| Buchwald (1975) +2 other references |
| E. Simpson +1 other reference |
| E. Simpson +2 other references |
| McCall et al. (1966) +2 other references |
| E. Simpson +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| E. Simpson +2 other references | |
| Alexander N. Krot et al. (2002) |
| E Simpson +2 other references |
| DeLaeter (1973) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Journal of the Royal Society of Western ... |
| Thomas R. Watters & Martin Prinz (1980) | |
| The Wiluna Meteorite Fall +1 other reference |
| The Redfields Meteorite +2 other references |
| New Material From +2 other references |
Austria | |
| Ravasz et al. (1977) |
| ... |
| Brandstätter et al. (2013) |
Azerbaijan | |
| Britvin et al. (2008) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
Bangladesh | |
| Scott et al. (1981) |
| Powell (1969) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Belarus | |
| Hewins (1979) |
| Dymkin et al. (1984) +2 other references |
Belgium | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Bolivia | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin #106 - ... |
| Anthony (1997) |
Brazil | |
| Scott (1977) |
| www.igc.usp.br/museu/artigos05.htm. |
| Zucolotto et al. (2001) |
| Danon (1981) |
| www.meteorito.com.br (2011) +1 other reference |
| Clarke et al. (1978) |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
| Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114) |
| Reisener et al. (2003) |
| Steele et al. (1976) |
| London +1 other reference |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
| Atencio et al. (2020) |
| Brooks (1990) |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
| Cavarretta et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
| Meteoritical Bulletin |
| ... +1 other reference |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
| Symes et al. (1970) +3 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +3 other references |
| Unlisted Editors (2016) +1 other reference |
| Anonymous (2015) |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
Burkina Faso | |
| Domanik et al. (2004) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
Cambodia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Cameroon | |
| 489-492. (July 1997) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Smith (1980) +2 other references |
| Rubin (1990) |
| Dawson +5 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Wasson et al. (2003) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Keil (1968) |
| castaing.eps.mcgill.ca (n.d.) |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2012) |
| Nininger (1932) +2 other references |
| |
Chile | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| H. J. Axon et al. (1981) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Kuiren Wang (1987) +2 other references |
| scholar.ilib.cn (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| M. Chen and X. Xie |
| Chen et al. (1994) +2 other references |
| Lin et al. (2007) |
| Kejie Tao and Peishan Zhang (1987) |
| Daode Wang and Rambaldi (1988) |
| Yu (1984) |
| Wang et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| Wen Chuanfen (1980) |
| Ma et al. (2024) |
| Shangyue Shen (1990) +4 other references |
| Ruzicka (2013,2015) +1 other reference |
| Bian (1981) +1 other reference |
| Grossman (1997) +1 other reference |
| Kallemeyn et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| Jingsui Yang et al. (2006) |
| Wang et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| Lunar and Planetary Science +1 other reference |
| Xinzhi Zhan (1978) |
| Xiyue Wang et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
| Yongheng Chen et al. (1998) |
| Lin et al. (2008) |
| Connolly et al. (2006) |
| Bartoschewitz et al. (2001) |
| Wasson et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2020) |
| Daode et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
Colombia | |
| Connolly Jr. (2008) +1 other reference |
Costa Rica | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Croatia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
Cuba | |
| The Meteoritical Bulletin +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... +1 other reference |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Borovička et al. (2003) |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
| Skála R. |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2020) |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... |
Denmark | |
| Callisen et al. (1963) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
DR Congo | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Egypt | |
| Meteoritics & Planetary Science 41 et al. (2006) |
| tin.er.usgs.gov (2010) |
| Methot et al. (1975) | |
Estonia | |
| Mason et al. (1965) +1 other reference |
| Marini et al. (2004) |
| Easton (1986) +1 other reference |
Finland | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Kinnunen et al. (2017) |
| Rubin |
| Hewins (1979) |
| K. J. Neuvonen et al. (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +3 other references |
France | |
| Grady et al. (2015) |
| Wood (1967) +1 other reference |
| Grady et al. (2015) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Brearley et al. (1998) |
| Mason et al. (1961) +1 other reference |
| Gattacceca et al. (2007) |
| Kurat et al. (2005) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Weisberg et al. (2007) +4 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Wood (1967) +2 other references |
| Keil (1968) |
Germany | |
| - (2010) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Schmidt (1852) |
| Simon (2004) +2 other references |
| Hochleitner et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| - (2010) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Matthes et al. (1988) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Hentschel (1960) +1 other reference |
| Buseck et al. (1967) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2015) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr et al. (1974) |
| New York +5 other references |
| Ramdohr et al. (1974) |
| Bartoschewitz et al. (2009) |
| Mason et al. (1967) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr et al. (1969) +3 other references |
| Buchner (1863) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Rambaldi et al. (1974) |
| Palme et al. (1983) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Bartoschewitz et al. (2009) |
| Bartoschewitz et al. (2009) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Tuček K.: Meteority a jejich výskyt v ... | |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Bartoschewitz et al. (2012) |
Greece | |
| Wood (1967) +1 other reference |
Greenland | |
| Vereshchagin et al. (2024) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
Hungary | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec. |
India | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Gennady P. Vdovykin (1970) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Nehru et al. (1984) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Noonan et al. (1976) +1 other reference |
| S. P. Das Gupta et al. (1979) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor et al. (1981) |
| Woolum et al. (1980) +2 other references |
| Meteoritics & Planetary Science 40 et al. (2005) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ray et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| G Parthasarathy (2005) |
| Hewins (1979) +1 other reference |
| Bapna et al. (1991) |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Weisberg et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
| Bhandari et al. (2002) |
| Mason et al. (1966) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Rubin (1990) |
| Wai et al. (1972) |
| Schwartz et al. (2001) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Brearley et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Gennady P. Vdovykin (1970) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Indonesia | |
| Grady (2000) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor et al. (1981) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Iran | |
| McCausland et al. (2016) |
| Burragato F. et al. (1974) |
| Ward (1901) +2 other references |
Iraq | |
| Al-Bassam (1978) +1 other reference |
Ireland | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Italy | |
| Gattacceca et al. (2020) |
| Mason et al. (1962) |
| McSween (1977) +5 other references |
| Carapezza et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
| Rubin (1990) |
| Baldanza et al. (1970) |
| Wasson et al. (2003) |
| Tschermak (1876) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Fioretti et al. (2007) |
| Fioretti et al. (2004) |
| Levi-Donati et al. (1971) |
| G.Cevolani (1998) |
| Pratesi et al. (2003) |
| Ortalli et al. (1990) |
| Levi-Donati G.R. (1972) +1 other reference |
| Zucchini et al. (2018) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Grady (2000) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin Database +1 other reference |
| Bonatti et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Meteoritical Bulletin Database +2 other references |
| Baldanza et al. (1969) +1 other reference |
| Levi-Donati (1967) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin Database +2 other references |
| Nozette (1979) |
Japan | |
| Shima et al. (1980) +1 other reference |
| Grady (2000) |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Ishiwatari (1995) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Mason et al. (1961) +1 other reference |
| Beck et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Grady (2000) |
| Miyashiro et al. (1967) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Gornostaeva et al. (2018) |
| geosci.uchicago.edu (n.d.) +3 other references |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of ... | |
| Sharygin (2019) |
Kenya | |
| Schulze et al. (1994) |
Latvia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Guignard et al. (2015) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Lesotho | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Libya | |
| Connolly Jr (2006) +1 other reference |
| Ikeda et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Folco (2004) | |
| Zhang et al. (2013) | |
Malawi | |
| Keil (1968) +1 other reference |
| Chapola (1991) +1 other reference |
Mali | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (n.d.) |
Mauritania | |
| Lapaz et al. (1954) +1 other reference |
| - (2010) |
| - (2010) |
| Connolly Jr. & 7 others (2007) |
| - (2010) |
| - (2010) |
| - (2010) |
| - (2010) | |
Mexico | |
| Wlotzka et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Scott et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
| Tassin (1902) +2 other references |
| Wasson et al. (2003) |
| Cohen (1903) +1 other reference |
| Wlotzka (1991) | |
| Prior (1923) +1 other reference |
| Prior (1923) +2 other references |
| Rose (1864) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Brearley et al. (1998) |
| Graham (1987) +1 other reference |
| Henderson (1941) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +3 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Michel-Lévy et al. (1979) |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Körnige bis dichte Eisen +4 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Fletcher (1890) +3 other references |
| Farrington (1909) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Fredriksson et al. (1979) +1 other reference |
| Ruzicka et al. (2006) |
| Graham et al. (1988) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin: MB 107 (2018) |
| Buchwald (1975) | |
Mongolia | |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2024) |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2024) |
Morocco | |
| Connolly et al. (2007) +3 other references |
| Michael K. Weisberg & 7 others (2009) |
| Riches et al. (2012) |
| Specimen from Soenke Stolze and related |
| Wittmann (2014) +1 other reference |
| Rubin et al. (2002) |
| Harold C. Connally (2007) |
| Chennaoui Aoudjehane et al. (2006) |
| Nachit et al. (2022) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2015) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2017) |
| Gattacceca et al. (2003) |
Myanmar | |
| Grady (2000) |
Namibia | |
| LA-UR-10-7276 +4 other references |
| ASHWAL (2001) | |
| CanRockhound v.4 +1 other reference |
Netherlands | |
| Rubin (1990) |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2016) |
| Lindner et al. (1990) |
New Zealand | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Battey (1962) |
| Challis (1984) |
Niger | |
| Russell et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2021) | |
Nigeria | |
| Alan E. Rubin (2010) |
| Mason (1967) +2 other references |
| PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTEENTH LUNAR AND ... +3 other references |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Rubin +5 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
North Africa | |
| Owocki et al. (2012) |
| - (2010) | |
| Gannoun et al. (2011) +3 other references | |
| Piani et al. (2016) | |
Northwest Africa | |
| - (2004, July) | |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
| ... | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2015) +2 other references | |
| Moggi-Cecchi et al. (2005) +1 other reference | |
| Keil (2012) | |
| Jambon A. et al. (2008) | |
| Moggi-Cecchi et al. (2007) | |
| ... +4 other references | |
| Bunch et al. (2008) | |
| Weisberg et al. (2008) +1 other reference | |
| Weisberg et al. (2008) | |
| Weisberg et al. (2008) | |
| Bunch et al. (2008) | |
| Gattacceca (2017) | |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2020) | |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2010) | |
| Houde et al. (2023) | |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2013) | |
| Christine E. Jilly-Rehak et al. (2016) | |
| www.pnas.org (2019) | |
| ... +1 other reference | |
| doczz.net (n.d.) | |
| Szurgot et al. (2009) +1 other reference | |
Norway | |
| Griffin et al. (1979) |
| Bryhni (2002) |
| Rubin (1990) |
| Wolff (1963) |
| Bilet et al. (2013) |
| - (2010) +1 other reference |
| Cohen (1903) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
Oman | |
| Hutchison (1977) |
| Ivanova et al. (2003, March) |
| The Meteoritical Bulletin | |
| Reed (1968) +1 other reference | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2000) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2008) | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2002) +1 other reference | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2001) | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2002) | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2003) | |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2003) | |
| Litasov et al. (2019) | |
| Litasov et al. (2019) | |
Pakistan | |
| Keil (1968) +1 other reference |
| Keil (1968) |
| Bild et al. (1976) |
| Keil et al. (1965) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Mason et al. (1973) |
Peru | |
| en.wikipedia.org (2007) |
Philippines | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Poland | |
| B. Cervelle et al. +2 other references |
| Szopa et al. (2015) |
| Stepniewski et al. (2000) +2 other references |
| Karwowski Ł. 2003: The new ... +2 other references |
| ... +1 other reference |
| Stepniewski et al. (1998) |
| Karwowski (2012) |
Portugal | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Nolze et al. (2019) |
Romania | |
| al României (2003) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1961) +3 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
Russia | |
| Krot et al. (1992) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Petaev (1992) +3 other references |
| Sharygin (IIAB) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Sharygin et al. (2013) +4 other references |
| Dugushkina et al. (2023) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Pliashkevich et al. (1980) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) | |
| Zaslavskaya et al. (1991, March) |
| Rubin (1990) +1 other reference |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| webmineral.ru (2020) +1 other reference |
| Buseck (1977) |
| L. N. Novoselova (1986) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Ryabov et al. (2010, October) +1 other reference |
| Korsakov et al. (2019) | |
| Erokhin et al. (2016) |
| Erokhin et al. (2017, December) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Sharygin et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| - (2010) +1 other reference |
| Gennady P. Vdovykin (1970) |
| - (2010) +1 other reference |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) | |
| Shukolyukov et al. (1982) |
| Litasov et al. (2018) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) | |
| Erokhin et al. (2018) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| O. Richard Norton “ Rocks From Space ... +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buseck (1977) |
| Excalibur Minerals +3 other references |
| Mandarino (2003) +1 other reference |
| Litasov et al. (2017) +2 other references |
| Semenenko et al. (1992) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| A. V. Fisenko et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of ... +1 other reference |
| Buseck (1977) +1 other reference |
| Leroux H. (2000) |
| Lorenz et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Meteoritics | |
| Scott et al. (1985) | |
| Fredriksson et al. (1986) |
Serbia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Sears et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
Slovakia | |
| Ozdín et al. (2010) +2 other references |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Ozdín et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
| Koděra (1986) |
Slovenia | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Bischoff (2011) |
Somalia | |
| Millosevich (1924) |
| Gattacceca J. et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1967) +2 other references |
South Africa | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Mineralogical Magazine 38 (293) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Hewins et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Stanley (1914) +1 other reference |
| Clarke et al. (1978) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Keil (1968) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Axon et al. (1981) |
| London: New York. +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
South Sudan | |
| Mason (1966) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Spain | |
| Gooley et al. (1976) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Williams et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
| Lozano et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Rull et al. (2010) |
| Williams et al. (1985) +2 other references |
| Garcia-Guinea et al. (2013) |
| Rubin (1990) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Berwerth (1909) +1 other reference |
Sudan | |
| A. J. Easton (1986) |
| Michael K. Weisberg et al. (2009) |
Sweden | |
| Gooding et al. (1979) +2 other references |
| LA-UR-10-7276 +6 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Rubin (1990) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Dominik et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
Syria | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Moore et al. (2020) |
Tanzania | |
| Keil (1968) |
Thailand | |
| Wasson et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
Tunisia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Turkey | |
| Colakoglu et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| - (2010) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
Turkmenistan | |
| Ivanova et al. (1992) |
Uganda | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| Hey et al. (1968) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Jobbins et al. (1966) +3 other references |
| Prior (1923) +2 other references |
| Rubin et al. (1980) |
Ukraine | |
| A. W. R. Bevan (1979) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +3 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Rubin (1985) +4 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Sungatullin et al. (2018) |
| Mason et al. (1963) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
USA | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Cook et al. (1982) |
| Briani et al. (2012) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Grady et al. (2015) |
| ... |
| Merrill (1927 ) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Space Science Reviews +4 other references |
| Delaney et al. (1982) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Meteoritics & Planetary Science 36 (2001) |
| Mason et al. (1960) +1 other reference |
| Bunch et al. (1969) |
| Nininger (1937) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Meteorites and their parent planets By ... +1 other reference |
| Buseck (1968) |
| Kunz (1887) +1 other reference |
| London: New York. 245 pp. +2 other references |
| Farrington (1915) +3 other references |
| Goldstein et al. (1967) +4 other references |
| Merrill (1922) +5 other references |
| Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference |
| Whitney (1941) +2 other references |
| Leonard (1953) +2 other references |
| Clarke et al. (1978) +2 other references |
| La Paz (1955) +2 other references |
| Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference |
| Wasson et al. (1976) +3 other references |
| Humiston (1963) +3 other references |
| Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2006) |
| Cohen (1901) +3 other references |
| Wasson et al. (1969) +2 other references |
| Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference |
| Scott et al. (1973) +2 other references |
| Mittlefehldt et al. (1998) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor et al. (1979) +1 other reference | |
| Taylor (1968) +1 other reference |
| Rubin (1990) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Novotny (1981) |
| New York +5 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Kallemeyn et al. (1989) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Huss et al. (1966) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Meteoritics +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) | |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) +1 other reference |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) +1 other reference |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Henderson et al. (1951) +3 other references |
| Cook (1978) |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Merrill (1927) +1 other reference |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1967 36 : 120-126 +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta +3 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Meteoritics |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1965) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Knox Jr. (1963) +2 other references |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (n.d.) |
| Rubin (1990) | |
| Mason et al. (1961) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Knox Jr. (1963) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Knox (1970) +1 other reference |
| Hey et al. (1968) +2 other references |
| Scott (1977) |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Boesenberg et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Bennett III et al. (1996) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Grossman (1996) +1 other reference |
| Knox Jr. (1963) +1 other reference |
| Am Min 67:132-136 +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1967) +3 other references |
| Weisberg et al. (2010) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Taylor (1968) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1967) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Issue 1 +4 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Farrington +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Mason (1962) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Tassin (1905) +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Rubin (1990) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Oliver Cummings Farrington (1915) +1 other reference |
| Mason (1962) +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Grossman (1998) +1 other reference |
| Young (1939) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| C. W. Neal & M. E. Lipschutz (1981) |
| Byerly et al. (1988) |
| Keil (1968) +1 other reference |
| Noonan et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor (1968) +3 other references |
| www.rasny.org/V4P89-91.HTM |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Farrington (1915) +3 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Whitfield (1887) +3 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Mészárosová (2018) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor (1968) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason (1963) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Wasson et al. (2003) |
| Wasson et al. (2003) |
| NMGS Spec Pub 6 |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| London +1 other reference | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references | |
| Foote (1897) +3 other references |
| Heineman (1935) +1 other reference |
| Brearley et al. (1998) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Moon and the Planets | |
| Rubin et al. (2001) +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buseck (1967) +2 other references |
| 69th Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting (2006) |
| Britvin et al. (2020) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| H. J. Axon et al. (1981) |
| Cohen (1903) +2 other references | |
| H. J. Axon et al. (1981) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Taylor (1968) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Henderson et al. (1950) | |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Henderson et al. (1950) |
| Buchwald (1975) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| www.dmr.nd.gov (2009) |
| Mason et al. (1963) +2 other references |
| - (1997, Spring) |
| Bunch et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Mason et al. (1961) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Rubin (1990) +1 other reference |
| Knox Jr. (1963) +1 other reference |
| Heymann et al. (1967) +3 other references | |
| Rubin et al. (1985) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| www.amnh.org |
| Cohen (1903) +1 other reference |
| www.rasny.org/baldeagl.htm |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Easton (1986) +2 other references |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1966) +2 other references |
| Mason et al. (1973) +2 other references |
| Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta +1 other reference |
| Prior (1923) +2 other references |
| Whitfield (1887) +2 other references |
| Paris (2011) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Hewins (1979) +1 other reference |
| Am Min (1948) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Am Min (1940) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Katherina Lodders (1993) |
| Wlotzka et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
| Rubin et al. (1983) |
| Taylor (1968) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Taylor (1968) +2 other references |
| www.lpi.usra.edu (2020) |
| Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114) +5 other references |
| www.meteorlab.com +2 other references | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ehlmann (1988) |
| Bryan et al. (1970) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference | |
| Taylor (1968) +2 other references | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Mason et al. (1963) +2 other references |
| Ramdohr (1972) | |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Taylor (1968) +1 other reference |
| Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114) | |
| London +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| AmMin 17:357-359 |
| Tomioka et al. (2021) |
| Clarke et al. (1978) |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +2 other references |
| Taylor (1968) +1 other reference | |
| Meteoritics |
| Lonsdale (1927) |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Buchwald (1975) +1 other reference |
| Farrington (1915) +1 other reference |
| Fredriksson (1969) +2 other references |
| Jérome et al. (1972) |
| ... |
| Meteoritics |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| Berquist et al. (ed.) |
| Buchwald (1975) |
| www.uwrf.edu/~wc01/meteorite.html +1 other reference |
| Bunch et al. (1970) |
| Buseck (1977) |
Uzbekistan | |
| ... +1 other reference |
Western Sahara | |
| Patzer et al. (2001) |
Yemen | |
| Zolensky et al. (2003) |
Zambia | |
| Ramdohr (1972) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Ramdohr (1972) +1 other reference |
| MacPherson et al. (1993) |
162173 Ryugu | |
Mars | |
| Unanalysed but inferred from type of ... |
| en.wikipedia.org (2005) |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
| www.cometshopnew.com (n.d.) | |
Outer Space | |
| William Rickard et al. (2018) |
The Moon | |
| Mokhov A.V. et al. (2007) |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2002 |
| Vinogradov (1971) |
| Meteoritical Bulletin |
Sikhote-Alin meteorite, Paseka, Krasnoarmeysky District, Primorsky Krai, Russia