Denningite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Denningite
Reynolds M. Denning
Formula:
(Mn2+,Ca,Zn)Te4+2O5
Colour:
Pale green, colorless, pale grey, usually with thin brown coating
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
5.05
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in honour of Reynolds McConnell Denning, (September 3 1916, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, USA - November 1, 1967, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA) Professor of Mineralogy, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Isostructural with:
The structure of denningite contains chains of (MnO6) and (CaO8) polyhedra, which are cross-linked into a framework by Te4+ cations. A similar motif is found in the structure of spiroffite group minerals, where Te4+ cations are cross-linking sheets of (M2O10) polyhedra.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1262
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1262:7
IMA Classification of Denningite
Approved
IMA Formula:
CaMn2+Te4+4O10
First published:
1961
Classification of Denningite
4.JK.30
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
K : Tellurites without additional anions, without H2O
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
K : Tellurites without additional anions, without H2O
34.4.1.1
34 : SELENITES, TELLURITES AND SULFITES
4 : A(X2O5)
34 : SELENITES, TELLURITES AND SULFITES
4 : A(X2O5)
28.3.10
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
3 : Tellurites
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
3 : Tellurites
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Dnn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Denningite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Pale green, colorless, pale grey, usually with thin brown coating
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
{001}
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.05(5) g/cm3 (Measured) 5.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured with Berman balance, five fragments between 20-25 mg each
Optical Data of Denningite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.89(1) nε = 2.00(1)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.110
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Comments:
May be biaxial
Chemistry of Denningite
Mindat Formula:
(Mn2+,Ca,Zn)Te4+2O5
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ca
Crystallography of Denningite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/nbc
Setting:
P42/nbc
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.82 Å, c = 13.04 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.478
Unit Cell V:
1,014.41 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Eight-sided thin platy crystals, flattened on {001}, with {001}, {110}, and {100}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014626 | Denningite | Miletich R (1993) Copper-substituted manganese-denningites, Mn(Mn1-xCux)(Te2O5)2(0<=x<=1): synthesis and crystal chemistry Mineralogy and Petrology 48 129-145 | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014627 | Denningite | Miletich R (1993) Copper-substituted manganese-denningites, Mn(Mn1-xCux)(Te2O5)2(0<=x<=1): synthesis and crystal chemistry Mineralogy and Petrology 48 129-145 | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014628 | Denningite | Miletich R (1993) Copper-substituted manganese-denningites, Mn(Mn1-xCux)(Te2O5)2(0<=x<=1): synthesis and crystal chemistry Mineralogy and Petrology 48 129-145 | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014629 | Denningite | Miletich R (1993) Copper-substituted manganese-denningites, Mn(Mn1-xCux)(Te2O5)2(0<=x<=1): synthesis and crystal chemistry Mineralogy and Petrology 48 129-145 | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014630 | Denningite | Miletich R (1993) Copper-substituted manganese-denningites, Mn(Mn1-xCux)(Te2O5)2(0<=x<=1): synthesis and crystal chemistry Mineralogy and Petrology 48 129-145 | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014692 | Denningite | Walitzi E M (1964) Die kristallstruktur von denningit, (Mn,Ca,Zn)Te2O5 Naturwissenschaften 51 334-335 | 1964 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.42 Å | (VS) |
| 3.38 Å | (S+) |
| 3.12 Å | (S) |
| 2.62 Å | (S) |
| 2.03 Å | (S) |
| 1.53 Å | (ms) |
| 6.26 Å | (m) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Denningite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Small green cleavable masses. Occasionally as minute colorless euhedral crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
1) Natural History Museum, Paris, 175.81.
2) National School of Mines, Paris, France.
3) Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M25000–M25005.
2) National School of Mines, Paris, France.
3) Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M25000–M25005.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Denningite
Relationship of Denningite to other Species
Structurally related to group(s):
| Spiroffite Group | M2Te4+3O8 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.JK. | Matthiasweilite | PbTe4+O3 |
| 4.JK.05 | Walfordite | (Fe3+,Te6+)Te4+3O8 |
| 4.JK.05 | Winstanleyite | TiTe4+3O8 |
| 4.JK.10 | Zincospiroffite | Zn2Te4+3O8 |
| 4.JK.10 | Spiroffite | Mn2+2Te4+3O8 |
| 4.JK.15 | Balyakinite | Cu(TeO3) |
| 4.JK.20 | Rajite | Cu(Te4+2O5) |
| 4.JK.25 | Carlfriesite | CaTe4+2Te6+O8 |
| 4.JK.30 | Chenzhangruite | MnFe2+Te4+4O10 |
| 4.JK.30 | Stankeithite | Mn2+Mn2+Te4+4 O10 |
| 4.JK.35 | Chekhovichite | Bi2Te4+4O11 |
| 4.JK.40 | Smirnite | Bi2Te4+O5 |
| 4.JK.45 | Choloalite | (Cu,Sb)3(Pb,Ca)3(TeO3)6Cl |
| 4.JK.50 | Fairbankite | Pb2+12(Te4+O3)11(SO4) |
| 4.JK.55 | Plumbotellurite | Pb(TeO3) |
| 4.JK.60 | Magnolite | [Hg2]2+[Te4+O3] |
| 4.JK.65 | Moctezumite | Pb(UO2)(TeO3)2 |
| 4.JK.70 | Schmitterite | (UO2)(TeO3) |
| 4.JK.75 | Cliffordite | (UO2)Te4+3O7 |
Fluorescence of Denningite
NO fluorescence under LW or SW UV
Other Information
Notes:
Darkens and fuses easily in a flame. Fuses quietly to a brown material in the closed tube and to a reddish-brown material in the open tube.
Dissolves easily in cold HCl turning the solution yellow. Insoluble in both hot and cold HNO3, but slightly soluble in H2SO4 with separation of a white milky material.
Dissolves easily in cold HCl turning the solution yellow. Insoluble in both hot and cold HNO3, but slightly soluble in H2SO4 with separation of a white milky material.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Denningite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1262.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Denningite
Reference List:
Mandarino, J. A., Williams, S. J., Mitchell, R. S. (1963) Denningite, a new tellurite mineral from Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico. The Canadian Mineralogist, 7 (3) 443-452
Mandarino, J. A., Williams, S. J., Mitchell, R. S. (1963) Denningite, a new tellurite mineral from Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico. The Canadian Mineralogist, 7 (3) 443-452
Walitzi, E. M. (1964) Die Kristallstruktur von Denningit, (Mn, Ca, Zn)Te2O5. Die Naturwissenschaften, 51 (14). 334-335 doi:10.1007/bf00625078
Localities for Denningite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Belgium | |
| perso.infonie.be (2004) |
Mexico (TL) | |
| Mandarino et al. (1961) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| SEM-EDS analyzed by Dr. Rob Bowell. |
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Moctezuma Mine, Moctezuma, Moctezuma Municipality, Sonora, Mexico