Wikipedia

World Intellectual Property Indicators

This article is about the World Intellectual Property Indicators. For other uses, see WIPI.

World Intellectual Property Indicators (WIPI) is an annual statistical report published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).[1] The publication provides an overview of the activity in the areas of patents, utility models, trademarks, industrial designs, microorganisms, plant variety protection, geographical indications and the creative economy.

The WIPI draws on intellectual property (IP) statistics collected from the 193 member States of WIPO. It provides the latest trends for IP activity at world, geographical region, country and IP office levels. WIPO has published the report annually since 2009.[2]

Data sources

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The IP statistics data presented in the WIPI are taken from the WIPO Statistics Database and based primarily on data collected from national and regional IP offices, other competent authorities and publishers’ associations from around the world, through annual surveys consisting of multiple questionnaires. Data are also compiled by WIPO in processing international applications through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), the Madrid System for trademark protection and the Hague System for industrial design protection.[3]

Patent family and technology data are extracted from the WIPO Statistics Database and from the PATSTAT database of the European Patent Office (EPO).[4] Gross domestic product, income group classification and population data are from the World Development Indicators database of the World Bank. Geographical regions are those defined by the United Nations.[3]

Accessing the report and its data

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The WIPI is available on WIPO website. Its underlying data can be extracted from the IP Statistics Data Center, which is WIPO’s online statistical database.[1][2][5]

The IP Facts and Figures report, drawn from the WIPI, serves as a quick reference guide for the most frequently used measure of IP activity.[6] An online statistical country profile also provides a set of IP statistics at the country level[7]

More comprehensive data and analysis on the WIPO administrated Systems are available in a series of three publications: PCT Yearly Review, Madrid Yearly Review and Hague Yearly Review.[8][9][10]

IP Statistics by IP office or by country of origin

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Applications received by offices from resident and non-resident applicants are referred to as office data, whereas applications filed by applicants at their national or regional office (resident applications) or at a foreign office (applications filed abroad) are referred to as origin data.[3][11] For statistical purposes, WIPO defines the origin of an IP application to be the country or territory of residence of the first named applicant in the application.[3][11]

Due to the nature of the regional offices, the WIPI may use an equivalent count concept for some indicators when reporting data by country of origin.[3][11] When this counting method is used, an application filed at a regional IP office is equivalent to filing an application in every member state of that office. To calculate the number of equivalent applications for the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), the Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO), the Benelux Office for Intellectual Property (BOIP), the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) and the GCC Patent Office, each application is multiplied by the corresponding number of member states. For example, an application filed at the EUIPO in 2022 by an applicant residing outside the EU is counted as 27 applications abroad – equal to the number of EU member countries, whereas an application filed by an EU resident results in a count of 1 resident application and 26 applications abroad. However, the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO), the European Patent Office (EPO) and the Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) do not register applications with an automatic region-wide applicability. Therefore, for these offices, each application is counted as one application abroad, if the applicant does not reside within a member state, or as one resident application and one application abroad, if the applicant resides within a member state.

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The patent, trademark and industrial design data presented in this table show the filing activity trend by country of origin and by year of filing. Data come from the WIPO Statistics Database,[12] which is the source of the WIPI. The data presented in this table include those received too late to be included in the WIPI and are not based on the equivalent count concept, described above.

Trademark application data refer to class counts – that is, the number of classes specified in applications. This provides the best comparison of international trademark filing activity across origins, because some jurisdictions may allow multiple classes of goods and services to be specified in a single application, whereas others require a separate application for each class. For the same reason, industrial design data refer to design counts, that is, the number of designs contained in applications.[2][11]

Patents, trademarks, and industrial design filing activity by country of origin[1][13][14][15]
Code Country Patent applications

in 2023

Patent applications

in 2024

Trademarks applications

in 2023

Trademarks applications

in 2024

Industrial design applications

in 2023

Industrial design applications

in 2024

AD   Andorra 14 35 1,002 1,270 0 0
AE   United Arab Emirates 1,002 1,184 30,392 36,187 342 909
AG   Antigua and Barbuda 62 96 0 149 0 2
AL   Albania 28 0 2,155 2,440 234 31
AM   Armenia 84 69 6,746 8,463 81 79
AO   Angola 0 68 3,762 3,630 0 0
AR   Argentina 677 719 74,476 89,122 1,385 1,565
AT   Austria 10,850 10,210 43,548 41,252 5,087 3,726
AU   Australia 11,170 10,633 125,420 127,895 5,545 6,174
AZ   Azerbaijan 246 241 7,869 7,513 31 60
BA   Bosnia and Herzegovina 75 59 1,625 1,911 237 264
BB   Barbados 0 0 1,092 0 97 0
BD   Bangladesh 86 116 8,998 8,179 1,001 959
BE   Belgium 10,620 10,616 35,749 32,468 3,169 2,735
BF   Burkina Faso 6 7 428 372 18 27
BG   Bulgaria 433 421 29,339 40,040 1,190 2,580
BH   Bahrain 43 22 913 827 18 20
BI   Burundi 0 0 123 0 15 0
BJ   Benin 27 18 212 279 6 6
BN   Brunei 0 3 215 148 0 3
BR   Brazil 7,285 7,998 395,119 436,338 5,772 6,494
BT   Bhutan 1 7 117 286 2 3
BW   Botswana 23 1 1,541 3,544 14 17
BY   Belarus 430 0 7,732 9,294 336 243
BZ   Belize 14 2 0 0 1 11
CA   Canada 23,838 24,182 92,619 84,952 4,163 4,997
CF   Central African Republic 1 2 23 11 0 1
CG   Republic of the Congo 4 2 88 64 8 8
CH   Switzerland 41,999 41,339 146,444 155,948 23,028 22,698
CI   Ivory Coast 19 25 1,066 1,079 165 149
CL   Chile 879 855 50,586 47,790 91 55
CM   Cameroon 48 80 753 762 127 49
CN   China 1,642,643 1,796,730 7,416,696 7,312,157 882,878 907,403
CO   Colombia 430 466 35,852 38,653 544 481
CR   Costa Rica 121 99 14,631 12,344 11 23
CU   Cuba 247 128 3,536 3,451 5 20
CV   Cape Verde 2 1 106 117 0 0
CW   Curaçao 0 0 821 935 0 0
CY   Cyprus 280 265 16,054 18,474 1,345 505
CZ   Czech Republic 1,461 1,469 29,776 34,225 1,658 2,190
DE   Germany 133,111 133,780 440,097 432,970 65,090 70,262
DK   Denmark 10,914 10,966 25,509 23,461 3,798 3,640
DM   Dominica 1 1 96 26 0 0
DO   Dominican Republic 26 24 10,939 11,382 9 13
DZ   Algeria 1,412 1,117 14,314 16,013 1,216 579
EC   Ecuador 60 67 14,115 14,469 52 62
EE   Estonia 281 248 7,159 7,308 345 341
EG   Egypt 812 756 48,970 0 0 0
ES   Spain 8,201 8,306 129,556 136,497 20,723 19,946
ET   Ethiopia 61 69 1,395 2,848 106 105
FI   Finland 11,646 13,504 19,425 15,776 1,804 2,234
FR   France 52,661 51,880 385,188 362,306 45,935 42,007
GA   Gabon 8 9 91 77 10 5
GB   United Kingdom 48,159 46,837 356,341 348,057 45,401 41,367
GD   Grenada 0 0 39 0 0 0
GE   Georgia 112 109 4,171 4,410 431 473
GH   Ghana 12 0 818 938 345 313
GM   Gambia 0 0 172 218 32 0
GN   Guinea 2 2 318 358 80 91
GQ   Equatorial Guinea 0 0 17 14 0 0
GR   Greece 1,051 853 0 24,217 1,471 1,507
GT   Guatemala 9 15 8,121 10,249 8 3
GW   Guinea-Bissau 0 1 29 12 4 5
GY   Guyana 0 3 77 160 0 0
HK   Hong Kong 1,875 2,841 48,144 53,986 2,414 3,989
HN   Honduras 3 10 3,227 4,019 0 0
HR   Croatia 313 230 7,418 8,031 421 640
HU   Hungary 1,034 1,213 14,045 19,629 709 1,148
ID   Indonesia 1,725 2,518 120,876 131,364 4,949 5,904
IE   Ireland 5,877 6,092 0 0 1,440 1,324
IL   Israel 15,217 15,180 13,205 10,771 1,816 1,948
IN   India 64,131 76,470 496,318 533,272 26,971 39,106
IQ   Iraq 746 569 2,003 2,357 45 0
IR   Iran 8,654 8,434 321,563 304,855 7,796 7,557
IS   Iceland 217 294 2,352 2,642 86 33
IT   Italy 26,752 26,389 196,165 189,713 60,522 63,708
JM   Jamaica 15 7 2,843 2,141 0 48
JO   Jordan 58 92 5,640 7,509 108 121
JP   Japan 414,599 420,990 349,709 340,281 34,710 33,534
KE   Kenya 390 0 6,022 6,312 158 409
KG   Kyrgyzstan 85 75 1,373 2,206 16 15
KH   Cambodia 23 11 2,234 2,521 14 33
KI   Kiribati 0 0 5 0 0 0
KM   Comoros 1 0 10 60 0 0
KN   Saint Kitts and Nevis 7 6 596 298 0 0
KP   North Korea 6,914 6,957 9,477 10,008 0 0
KR   South Korea 288,199 296,037 334,063 338,094 60,156 60,170
KW   Kuwait 66 88 6,554 6,967 327 249
KZ   Kazakhstan 833 975 26,844 35,984 161 424
LA   Laos 3 3 1,098 1,222 3 0
LC   Saint Lucia 0 0 151 0 0 0
LI   Liechtenstein 921 765 2,969 1,989 210 222
LK   Sri Lanka 299 323 8,428 9,685 198 186
LR   Liberia 1 7 399 277 16 11
LT   Lithuania 444 332 8,522 9,384 440 384
LU   Luxembourg 2,258 2,291 13,797 12,918 674 1,468
LV   Latvia 235 192 3,736 4,669 199 215
MA   Morocco 444 421 25,950 29,266 4,549 5,466
MC   Monaco 102 83 4,296 2,758 115 294
MD   Moldova 45 53 4,258 4,793 197 265
ME   Montenegro 17 20 0 0 11 2
MG   Madagascar 3 4 3,206 3,833 242 252
MK   North Macedonia 30 41 3,154 4,321 53 68
ML   Mali 17 7 322 517 29 26
MM   Myanmar 0 0 19,300 4,538 0 145
MN   Mongolia 79 100 8,490 10,836 537 1,041
MO   Macau 9 12 2,976 3,612 27 91
MR   Mauritania 11 3 75 89 1 0
MT   Malta 287 304 9,911 8,869 1,114 609
MU   Mauritius 215 330 3,966 4,214 145 129
MW   Malawi 0 0 353 0 0 0
MX   Mexico 1,739 1,913 164,779 170,633 1,167 1,275
MY   Malaysia 1,639 1,708 27,621 29,663 778 917
MZ   Mozambique 20 11 1,649 1,531 37 97
NA   Namibia 17 21 678 392 10 19
NE   Niger 13 11 40 133 1 2
NL   Netherlands 25,991 26,444 83,698 82,463 8,172 9,764
NO   Norway 4,728 4,617 16,155 14,056 1,647 1,151
NZ   New Zealand 2,620 2,357 29,911 29,016 1,107 1,219
OM   Oman 364 147 7,908 8,218 0 31
PA   Panama 0 38 0 11,209 0 13
PE   Peru 234 270 31,352 35,912 128 170
PH   Philippines 921 1,064 37,832 39,294 874 1,217
PK   Pakistan 509 528 44,924 52,591 625 647
PL   Poland 5,930 5,522 61,716 60,864 7,005 7,311
PT   Portugal 1,636 1,744 41,218 41,381 2,030 1,492
PY   Paraguay 13 19 14,728 14,167 12 19
QA   Qatar 181 129 3,155 4,550 0 0
RO   Romania 1,072 1,029 42,809 36,288 1,195 1,590
RS   Serbia 241 285 10,530 10,205 206 319
RU   Russia 23,232 24,676 543,722 559,441 8,317 9,267
RW   Rwanda 12 0 1,442 1,748 8 8
SA   Saudi Arabia 6,514 6,071 37,068 40,115 1,231 1,424
SC   Seychelles 25 0 1,288 0 0 0
SE   Sweden 21,781 20,755 51,160 42,947 4,815 4,850
SG   Singapore 9,271 10,333 54,924 61,641 1,990 3,070
SI   Slovenia 549 608 10,382 11,207 417 465
SK   Slovakia 526 466 12,965 15,581 459 575
SL   Sierra Leone 0 0 312 344 0 0
SM   San Marino 35 85 0 0 31 46
SN   Senegal 22 25 464 846 26 28
SO   Somalia 0 0 51 56 0 0
SR   Suriname 0 0 328 570 0 0
ST   São Tomé and Príncipe 0 0 17 23 0 0
SV   El Salvador 9 7 6,573 6,937 92 16
SX   Sint Maarten 0 0 115 0 0 0
SY   Syria 84 143 9,657 0 532 377
TD   Chad 2 4 24 37 8 2
TG   Togo 19 12 159 146 5 2
TH   Thailand 1,306 1,553 40,545 43,336 4,219 4,883
TJ   Tajikistan 0 0 0 926 0 0
TN   Tunisia 194 265 5,744 0 796 710
TO   Tonga 0 5 47 0 0 0
TR   Turkey 10,108 11,588 397,622 400,318 54,786 44,015
TT   Trinidad and Tobago 7 10 1,178 726 126 45
TZ   Tanzania 0 0 0 2,974 0 0
UA   Ukraine 1,214 1,168 44,723 44,712 3,166 3,075
UG   Uganda 38 92 2,233 2,587 53 43
US   United States 521,382 503,265 848,915 838,107 69,462 67,064
UY   Uruguay 74 119 6,569 7,731 80 93
UZ   Uzbekistan 541 526 12,133 21,106 221 302
VC   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 0 311 229 0 0
VE   Venezuela 16 80 8,165 8,687 19 12
VN   Vietnam 1,118 1,392 87,038 91,621 2,171 2,514
VU   Vanuatu 1 1 50 33 5 4
WS   Samoa 56 0 436 694 0 8
YE   Yemen 11 0 3,236 0 84 0
ZA   South Africa 1,175 1,053 25,299 28,042 671 698
ZM   Zambia 6 23 1,499 1,179 173 88
ZW   Zimbabwe 33 31 1,133 910 26 34


Controversies

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Taiwanese patents

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Since Taiwan (ROC) is not a member of the United Nations, the number of patents filed in Taiwan is not reported. The number of patent applications filed with the Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (TIPO) in 2018 was 73,431,[16] which would place it in 6th place worldwide for that year, or 2nd place per capita. In 2014, Bloomberg ranked Taiwan #1 in Patent Activity, using UN data.[17][18] The last WIPO Indicators report to mention the name Taiwan was in 2017, noting the large number of patents by Foxconn.[19][20][21][22]

China has been criticized for its efforts in the UN to reduce the visibility of Taiwan,[23][24] including via WIPO; in 2020 Beijing reportedly retaliated to the failed election of a Chinese director-general of the organization by preventing the Wikimedia Foundation from gaining observer status at the WIPO, on the grounds that Wikimedia has a Taiwan subsidiary.[25][26][27]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "World Intellectual Property Indicators". www.wipo.int.
  2. ^ a b c "WIPO IP Statistics Data Center". www3.wipo.int. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
  3. ^ a b c d e "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2021" (PDF). World Intellectual Property Organization. Retrieved 28 April 2022.   Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
  4. ^ Office, European Patent. "PATSTAT. Worldwide Patent Statistical Database". www.epo.org. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  5. ^ "Intellectual Property Statistics". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  6. ^ "Publications: WIPO IP Facts and Figures". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  7. ^ "Statistical Country Profiles". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  8. ^ "Publications: PCT Yearly Review". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  9. ^ "Publications: Madrid Yearly Review". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  10. ^ "Publications: Hague Yearly Review". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  11. ^ a b c d "About WIPO's IP Statistics". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2022-04-27.   Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
  12. ^ "About the WIPO IP Statistics Data Center". ip-statistics. Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  13. ^ World Intellectual Property Organization. "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2023". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2025-11-26.
  14. ^ World Intellectual Property Organization. "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2024". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2025-11-26.
  15. ^ World Intellectual Property Organization. "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2025". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2025-11-26.
  16. ^ "TIPO Statistics Report: Patent and Trademark Applications in 2018". Taiwan Intellectual Property Office. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  17. ^ Lu, Wei; Chan, Marcus (6 August 2017). "In Global Innovation Race, Taiwan Is Tops in Patents, Israel Leads in R&D - Bloomberg". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2017-08-06. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  18. ^ "MOST INNOVATIVE IN THE WORLD 2014: COUNTRIES" (PDF). Bloomberg. 13 March 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-13.
  19. ^ "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2017" (PDF). WIPO. World Intellectual Property Organization.
  20. ^ "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2018" (PDF). WIPO. World Intellectual Property Organization.
  21. ^ "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2019" (PDF). WIPO. World Intellectual Property Organization.
  22. ^ "World Intellectual Property Indicators 2020" (PDF). WIPO. World Intellectual Property Organization.
  23. ^ Horton, Chris (8 May 2017). "Blocked by China, Taiwan Presses to Join U.N. Agency's Meeting". The New York Times. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  24. ^ Lee, Kristine. "It's Not Just the WHO: How China Is Moving on the Whole U.N." POLITICO. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  25. ^ Glosserman, Brad (9 March 2020). "China loses a skirmish in fight for global influence". The Japan Times. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  26. ^ Hui, Mary (25 September 2020). "Beijing blocked Wikimedia from a UN agency because of "Taiwan-related issues"". Quartz. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  27. ^ Magnier, Mark (30 September 2020). "Beijing blocks Wikipedia from UN agency to resist 'Western values': analysts". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
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