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Biography
From the very earliest times there have been members of the Hore/Hoare family living in the Gloucestershire area. There were at least three groups of the family living in Gloucestershire, who may or may not be related, only time and DNA will tell.
Group one: the ‘le Hore’ family of Wotton Under Edge to the south of Gloucester, the earliest record was in 1216 when Adam le Hore of East Challow was granted a meadow in Kyngstune. In 1272 a Thomas de la Hore Stane (Thomas of the Hore Stone), was a witness to a deed in Minchinhampton, Gloucestershire.
Group two: the 'le Hore' family of Cheltenham, Charlton Kings/Regis, Leckhampton, Norton, Hatherley, Sandhurst, Cirencester and Tewkesbury were also living in the town of Gloucester from the mid 1400’s. (My family are descended from this group, before moving to Charlton Kings in the 1300's, they are recorded in the early 1200's in the town of Oxford)
Group three: lastly the Charles Hoare family of Gloucester.
In the 1327 Tax and Subsidy Rolls for Gloucestershire the following Hore families are recorded as paying tax, Hugh (Hore) le Hore (1255-aft.1327) in Charlton Kings, John (Hore) le Hore (abt.1300-1377) paid tax in Charlton and Leckhampton, Henry Hore and Walter le Hore, both of Sandhurst, Gilbert le Hore of Colesborne and Gregory le Hore of Wootton Under Edge.
Charles Hoare born about 1568, possibly in Gloucester, parents unknown. Married Margery, maiden name unknown, we do not know when Charles married Margery.
Charles had two sons and made his will 29 May 1632, therefore we can assume that he died shortly afterwards, very little else is known about Charles.
The first mention we have of the Charles Hoare family was in 1588 Charles Hoare hyer of a horse from Gloucester Corporation[1].
1598 Charles Hoare son of Charles, sadler apprenticed to father[2].
1608 Charles Hoare listed in Men and Armour[3] as a sadler 2 ca. We can surmise from this that Charles was aged about 40 and had been trained with a caliver
1609 Charles Hoare assessed for goods at Brockmouth[4]
1620 Charles Hoare Sr. Leased a house in Milkestreete, St Mary de Crypt[5]
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| Caroli Hore signed initials. |
1622 Caroli (Charles) Hore listed as a Church warden in the parish register of Gloucester, St Mary de Crypt with his signed initials. I am assuming that this is Charles Hoare Sr.
1626 Certificate of residence showing Charles Hoare to be liable for taxation in Gloucester, and not in [Worcestershire], the previous area of tax liability. (source – National Archives E 115/189/57) (Any information not given in this certificate comes from its old pouch, no 441.) Date: 1 Charles I
1628 Certificate of residence showing Charles Hoare to be liable for taxation in Gloucester, and not in the limits of Worcester and Upton, Worcestershire, the previous area of tax liability. (source – National Archives E 115/219/58) (Any information not given in this certificate comes from its old pouch, no 1442.) Date: 4 Charles I.
1629 Certificate of residence showing Charles Hoare to be liable for taxation in Gloucester, and not in [Worcestershire], the previous area of tax liability. (source – National Archives E 115/190/49) (Any information not given in this certificate comes from its old pouch, no 363.) Date: 4 Charles I
1629 Certificate of residence showing Charles Hoare to be liable for taxation in Gloucester, and not in (county unknown), the previous area of tax liability (source – National Archives E 115/217/40) (Any information not given in this certificate comes from its old pouch, no 2321.)
I think that we can assume from these records that Charles Hoare had previously held property in Worcestershire. This could very well tie in with the record at the church of Saint Swithins that records a marriage on 9 Jul 1609 between a Charles Hore and Joane. This was where Humphrey Hoare (1555-1638) was recorded as holding the position of Rector of Saint Swithins at that time.
1632 Charles Hoare Sr. will mentions wife Margery, sons Thomas and Charles jnr. Thomas, Margery and John, children of Charles jnr. Charles and Johan children of son Thomas.
Will of Charles Hoare dated 29 May 1632
- In the name of God, Amen, the Nyne and Twentith day of May Anno domini 1632,
I, Charles Hoare th'elder, of the Citty of Gloucester, sadler, beinge weake and sicklie in body, but of good and perfect memorie (thanks be geven to God for the same) doe make and ordeyne this my last will and testament in manner and forme followinge.
First and principallie I give and bequeath my soule unto almightie God my Creator and maker, and unto Jesus christ his only sonne and my alone saviour and redeemer, hopinge and trustinge through his meritts and bitter passion (in full assurance) to enioy and inherit the kingdome of heaven, there to raigne with him everlastingly.
And as for my bodye (beinge but dust and ashes) I bequeath to the earth from whence it came, to be buried at the discretion of my executor of this my will, hoping for A ioyfull resurrection both of my sowle and body at the last and generall day.
And as concerning my worldly goods and substance wherewith God hath bestowed uppon me and blessed me with, I give and dispose in manner and form followinge.
First I give and bequeath unto my beloved wife Margery the use and quiet possession of the howse and ymplements wherein I now dwell,
To have and to hold to her, for her my said wife and my sonne Thomas Hoare, therein to dwell, use and occupy during her naturall life, they payinge the rent due to the Citty of Gloucester, and keeping the said howse in all needfull and necessary reparacions, as by the lease thereof I am enioyned,
And after her deceasse, my will is that my sonne Charles Hoare shall have all my right and interest unto the said howse and lease thereof graunted unto me from the said citty, and that he shall renew the said lease in his owne name,
And alsoe my will is that the plumpe, the noast, the testernes, the glass windowes, wainscot and benches, with the tables board in the hawle and the levery cupboard and other cupboards lastinge to the howse, to remayne to him, the said Charles, his heires and assignes, with the said howse at the deceasse of my said wife,
Provided that my sonne Charles or his assignes doe pay or cause to be paid unto my sonne Thomas Hoare or his assignes the somme of tenne pounds of lawfull English Mony within the space of fowreteene dayes after he is possessed of the howse and ymplements,
And if he, the said Charles, or his assignes, shall refuse to pay the same as aforesayd, being lawfull demanded,
Then my will is that my sonne Thomas shall have the said howse, ymplements and lease.
Item I give to my said sonne Thomas fyve silver spones and one silver bowle.
Item I give unto my sonne Charles my silver salt and fyve silver spones,
Which said plate soe to my said twoe sonnes geven, my will is the same shalbe in the use and possession of my said wife during her life, and after her deceasse to remayne unto them.
Item I give to Thomas Hore, Margery Hore and John Hore, children of my sonne Charles Hoare, Fyve poundes betwene them three.
Item I give and bequeath unto my said sonne Thomas the lease of my stable and garden in Travell Lane which I hold of the Dean and Chapter,
To have and to hold unto him for and duringe the residue of such terme in the same lease as shalbe to come at my decease.
Item I give unto Charles Hoare and Johan Hoare, the children of my sonne Thomas Hoare, the some of fyve pounds betweene them.
Item I give unto Charles Tarne A saddle, furnished.
Item I doe hereby appointe my lovinge sonne Charles Hoare to be my Executor of this my last will and Testament, in trust, and not to make any benifit of the executorshipp to his owne use, and for the better providinge and mainetenance of my saide wife during her natural life.
My will is and I doe appointe (that my debtes if any be and funerall charges being paid and discharged by my Executor out of my estate yet unbequeathed) that all the rest of my goodes, Chattelles, Cattle, houshold stuffe and ymplementes of houshold whatsoever yet unbequeathed shalbe ymploied by the appointment of my Executor to the use, benifitt and behoofe of my wife and my sonne Thomas Hoare, his heires and Assignes, and the benifitt thereof to be yerely equally devided betweene them, and soe to remaine at the disposinge of my Executor, with th'advise of my Overseers, during the life of my said wife.
And after her deceasse, my will is that the sayd estate of my goodes and Chattells shalbe by my saide Executor conferred uppon my sonne Thomas Hoare, his heires and Assignes (the funerall charge of my wife being discharged first out of it) w[i]thin one moneth after her deceasse,
And that my will may be the better performed, my will and desire is that my said Executor shall within sixe weekes after my deceasse enter into one bond of Twoe hundred poundes to the Overseers of this my will, that this my will shalbe performed by him in all pointes,
And if he refuse to enter into such bond, then my will is and I doe appointe my sayd sonne Thomas Hoare to be Executor of this my will.
And I doe desire my sonnes in law Mr Thomas Hill and Mr Leonard Tarne to be Overseers of this my will, and I give to each of them for their pains to see my will performed A saddle A peece, furnished fitt for their use.
And in witnes hereof I have hereunto putt my hand and Seale in the presence of thes being witnesses.
The marke of Charles Hoare
The marke of James Tiler and John Hollandes
Y-DNA Results
So far, 13 male descendants of the Hoar family who came to Massachusetts have taken Y-DNA tests, some at 700 markers. There are six with the surname Wood, two with the surname Hobart, three with the surname Horr, and one each of Whitney and Harr. Unfortunately, this doesn't really help very much. Except that there have been some name changes for whatever reason.
A Brief History of Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England
By Tim Lambert
ROMAN GLOUCESTER Gloucester began as a Roman town. It lies at the first point where the river Severn can be easily crossed so it was a natural place to build a town. About 49 AD the Romans built a fort to guard the river crossing at Kingsholm. In 64 AD they built a new fort on the site of Gloucester town center. About 75 AD the Roman army moved on but the site of the fort was turned into a town for retired soldiers. The new town was called Glevum. Roman Gloucester was laid out in a grid pattern. In the center of the town was a forum. This was a marketplace lined with shops and public buildings. However in the 4th century Roman civilization went into decline. The last Roman soldiers left Britain in 407 AD. Afterwards most Roman towns were abandoned.
SAXON GLOUCESTER After the Romans left Britain Gloucester was probably abandoned although there may have been a small number of farmers living inside the walls and farming the land outside. The Saxons captured Gloucester in 577 AD. after they won a battle against the native Celts. We do not know if there were people living in Gloucester at that time. In the late 7th century the Saxons founded a monastery at Gloucester and the town began to revive. Craftsmen and merchants came to live in Gloucester once again. In the early 8th century a writer called Gloucester 'one of the noblest cities in the kingdom'. In the late 9th century the Saxons created a network of fortified towns called burghs. In the event of a Danish attack, all the men in the area would gather in the burgh to fight. Gloucester was made a burgh. In 915 AD men from Gloucestershire gathered in the town then went out to fight the Danes and defeated them in battle. Gloucester flourished in the 10th century and it had a mint. A suburb grew up outside the North gate. In 909 AD the remains of St Oswald were brought to Gloucester. In those days people would go on long journeys called pilgrimages to visit the remains of saints. Many people came to Gloucester to visit the remains of St Oswald and they spent money in the town. In 1153 the church which housed St Oswald's shrine was turned into a priory (a small abbey). GLOUCESTER IN THE MIDDLE AGES William the Conqueror came to Gloucester in 1085 and while he was there he ordered that the Domesday Book be written. Gloucester may have had a population of about 3,500 in the Middle Ages. By the standards of the time it was a fairly large town. (In those days towns were much smaller than they are today). Gloucester, it was said, ranked 10th in among the towns of England for wealth. In the late 11th century the Normans built a wooden castle in Gloucester. In the 12th century it was rebuilt in stone. Gloucester was strategically important in the 12th and 13th centuries because there was frequent warfare between the Welsh and the English. The people of Gloucester benefited from the warfare because the garrison of the castle provided a market for their goods. In 1155 the king gave Gloucester a charter (a document giving the townspeople certain rights). The main industry in Medieval Gloucester was making wool. Raw wool was brought to the town from the Cotswolds. In Gloucester the wool was woven then fulled. That means the wool was cleaned and thickened by pounding it in water and clay. When the wool dried it was dyed. There was also a large leather industry in Medieval Gloucester. There were tanners and craftsmen who made things of leather, such as cappers, shoemakers and glovers. In Gloucester iron was worked to make nails, weapons and tools. Cloth and grain were exported from Gloucester and wine was imported from France. There was also a considerable fishing industry in the Severn. In towns in the Middle Ages fire was a constant risk since most buildings of wood with thatched roofs. In 1223 a fire destroyed part of Gloucester. As a result thatched roofs were banned. There was a community of Jews in Gloucester in the 12th century. They were falsely accused of a ritual murder in 1268. In 1275 all Jews were forced to leave Gloucester and go to Bristol. In the 13th century the friars arrived in Gloucester. Friars were like monks but instead of withdrawing from the world they went out to preach. Franciscan friars arrived in 1231. They were called Grey friars because of the color of their costumes. Dominican friars, known as black friars, followed in 1239. In 1327 the body of King Edward II was buried at St Peter's Abbey. Afterwards there was a stream of visitors to his tomb, which added to the prosperity of Gloucester. In the early 15th century the New Inn was built. It was built on the site of an earlier inn, hence the name. However Gloucester declined in the 15th century and the town entered a long economic depression. The main reason was probably increasing competition from other towns in the wool trade. An additional reason may have been the fact that Wales had now been conquered and Gloucester was no longer in a strategic position. In 1483 Richard III gave Gloucester a new charter. This time the merchants were given the right to elect a mayor and 12 aldermen.
GLOUCESTER IN THE 16th CENTURY The Fleece Hotel was built as an inn about 1500. Then in 1541 Gloucester was given a bishop and the Abbey Church was made the new cathedral. Henry VIII 1509-47 and his son Edward 1547-53 introduced religious changes to England. However Henry's daughter Mary, tried to undo the changes. She burned many Protestants. One of them was John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, who was burned for heresy in St Marys Square in 1555. Meanwhile In 1540 a grammar school called the Crypt School opened in Gloucester. During the 16th century and 17th century the wool trade continued to decline. Gloucester also suffered from frequent outbreaks of plague. There were epidemics in 1565, 1573, 1577, 1580, 1593 and 1637.
GLOUCESTER IN THE 17th CENTURY By the early 17th century Gloucester was less important than it had once been. Nevertheless it was still a fair sized town with a population of about 4,000 in the 16th century. Gloucester was still a busy port and a market town for the surrounding region. Furthermore although the cloth industry declined pin making boomed in Gloucester in the 17th century. By the late 17th century the population of Gloucester was probably about 5,000. Meanwhile in 1668 a blue coat charity school opened (it was called that because of the blue school uniforms). Gloucester suffered severely in the civil war between king and parliament, which lasted from 1642 to 1646. Most of the Southwest supported the king but Gloucester supported parliament. The people demolished the houses outside the walls to deny cover to the enemy and erected some earthwork defences. In 1643 the king's army laid siege and their cannon fired into Gloucester. Nevertheless Gloucester held out and the royalists withdrew when they heard that a parliamentary army was coming. Gloucester gained its first fire engine in 1648. Then in 1662 the city erected a statue of Charles I to curry favor. King Charles was not impressed however and he ordered the destruction of the walls around Gloucester.
Sources
- ↑ Gloucester Corporation expenditures
- ↑ Gloucester Indentures
- ↑ Men and Armour 1608 - A book, prepared by John Smythe of Nibley for Lord Berkeley, "containing the names and surnames of all able and efficient men in body for his Majesty's service in the wars in the County of Gloucester, with their ages, Parsonable statures and armours etc.," by the Right Honorable Lieutenant Lord Berkeley, Lord Lieutenant, etc., by direction from his Majesty in the month of August, 1608
- ↑ Gloucester Subsidy Rolls
- ↑ Gloucester Archives Doc. ENWS
- King, Cameron Haight. The King Family of Suffield, Connecticut (Walter N. Brunt, San Francisco, 1908) Page 535.
