Desarrollando aplicaciones web en minutos

Edgar J. Suarez
http://rails.mx

...computer engineers, focus on the machines. They think, "By
doing this, the machine will run faster. By doing this, the
machine will run more effectively..." They are focusing on
machines. But in fact we need to focus on humans, on how
humans care about doing programming...

We are the masters. They are the slaves.

"I hope to see Ruby help every programmer
in the world to be productive, and to enjoy
programming, and to be happy. That is the
primary purpose of Ruby language."

Perl + Smalltalk + Eiffel + Lisp

"When I see a bird that walks like a duck
and swims like a duck and quacks like a
duck, I call that bird a duck."

3.times do |i|
puts "Now i is #{i}"
end

@user.is_admin?

@transaction.complete!

say_hello()
say_hello

multiply(3, 2)
multiply 3, 2

a = "by_name"

eval <<-eos
def find_#{a}(name)
puts "finding by name"
end
eos

find_by_name("edgar") # => "finding by name"

5.times do
puts "Hello"
end

['ruby', 'rocks'].each do |word|
puts word
end

1.upto(3) do |i|
puts i
end

begin
this_line.could_throw_an_exception!
rescue Exception => e
puts "Exception rescued: #{e}"
end

person.say_hi

3.to_s

"a string".capitalize

[].empty?

nil.class # => NilClass

3.class # => Fixnum
4.24.class # => Float
"Campus".class # => String
[1, 2, 3, 4].class # => Array
(10..15).class # => Range
:name.class # => Symbol
{ :name => "Maria" }.class # => Hash

"name".object_id # => 2156968560
"name".object_id # => 2156964240

:name.object_id # => 68828
:name.object_id # => 68828

{
"name" => "John",
2 => 54,
true => "(345) 434-554"
}

{
:name => "John",
:age => 54,
:phone => "(345) 434-554"
}

Automatic Garbage
Collection

Boolean coercion
(everything is true except false and nil)

class Person
def walk
"walking..."
end
end

juan = Person.new
juan.walk # => "walking..."

class Person
def eat
"eating..."
end
end

juan.eat # => "eating..."

def multiply(a, b = 2)
a * b
end

multiply 3, 4 # => 12

multiply 4 # => 8

def menu_list(*args)
options = args.pop
args.each do |arg|
puts "<a href='#' style='#{options[:style]}'>#{arg}</a>"
end
end

menu_list :home, :about, :contact, {:style => "color: green;"}
# => <a href=’#’ style=’color: green;’>home</a>
# => <a href=’#’ style=’color: green;’>about</a>
# => <a href=’#’ style=’color: green;’>contact</a>

menu_list :home, :about, {:style => "color: green;"}
# => <a href=’#’ style=’color: green;’>home</a>
# => <a href=’#’ style=’color: green;’>about</a>

class Person

def name=(name)
@name = name
end

def name
@name
end

end

a = Person.new
a.name = "Pepe"
a.name # => Pepe

class Person

attr_accessor :name
attr_reader :age
attr_writer :phone

end

class Number
def self.sum(a, b)
a + b
end

def Number.pow(a, b)
a ** b
end
end

Number.sum(2, 2) # => 4
Number.pow(4, 2) # => 16

class Number
def self.base
10
end

def self.parse(str)
str.to_i(self.base)
end
end

Number.parse("30") # => 30

class Person
attr_accessor :first_name, :last_name

def full_name
"#{self.first_name} #{self.last_name}"
end
end

raul = Person.new
raul.first_name = "Raul"
raul.last_name = "Mendez"
raul.full_name # => Raul Mendez

class Shape
def area
@a * @b
end
end

class Square < Shape
end

sq = Square.new
sq.area

class Shape
def area
@a * @b
end
end

class Square < Shape
def area
if @a == @b
@a * @a
else
super
end
end
end

sq = Square.new
sq.area

module Walkable
def walk
puts "I'm walking"
end
end

module Runnable
def run
puts "I'm running"
end
end

class Person
include Walkable
include Runnable
end

joe = Person.new
joe.walk # => I'm walking
joe.run # => I'm running

module Summable
def sum(a, b)
a + b
end
end

class Number
extend Summable
end

Number.sum 2, 4 # => 6

module ActiveRecord
class Base

end
end

ActiveRecord::Base.new

3.times do
puts "hey"
end

3.times { puts "hey" }

3.times do
puts "hey"
end

class Fixnum

def times
i = 0
while i < self
yield
i += 1
end
end

end

3.times do
puts "hey"
end

class Fixnum

def times(&block)
i = 0
while i < self
block.call
i += 1
end
end

end

3.times do 3.times do
puts "hey" puts "hey"
end end

class Fixnum class Fixnum

def times def times(&block)
i = 0 i = 0
while i < self while i < self
yield block.call
i += 1 i += 1
end end
end end

end end

3.times do |i|
puts i
end

class Fixnum

def times
i = 0
while i < self
yield(i)
i += 1
end
end

end

$ gem install rails
$ gem list
$ gem uninstall bundler

• MRI (Matz)
• JRuby (java)
• Rubinius (Ruby)
• IronRuby (.NET)
• MacRuby (Cocoa)
• REE (Enterprise Edition)

Windows
Ruby Installer - http://j.mp/rubywindows

Linux / Mac
RVM - http://j.mp/installrvm

Live CD
Ubuntu - http://j.mp/railsmxlivecd

David Heinemeier
Hansson
@ 37signals

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
+-db/
+-public/

source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.0.9'
gem 'mysql2', '0.2.7'

+-isshoni/
+-app/
| +-controllers/
| +-models/
| +-views/
+-config/
+-db/
+-public/

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
| +-database.yml
+-db/
+-public/

login: &login
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8
  username: root
  password:

development:
<<: *login
  database: isshoni_development

test:
<<: *login
  database: isshoni_test

production:
<<: *login
  database: isshoni_production

$ rails g model User name:string email:string

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
end

class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
def self.up
create_table :users do |t|
t.string :name
t.string :email
t.timestamps
end
end

def self.down
drop_table :users
end
end

$ rails g model Profile user_id:integer about:text

class Profile < ActiveRecord::Base
end

class CreateProfiles < ActiveRecord::Migration
def self.up
create_table :profiles do |t|
t.integer :user_id
t.text :about
t.timestamps
end
end

def self.down
drop_table :profiles
end
end

$ rake db:create
$ rake db:migrate
$ rake db:rollback
$ rake db:drop

has_one :profile, :dependent => :destroy
end

@user = User.new
@user.profile = Profile.new
@user.profile.about = “Me”

class Profile < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :user
end

@profile.user # => #<User id:1>

has_many :addresses
end

@user.addresses = []
@user.addresses.push(Address.new)

@user = User.new
@user.save

@user = User.create

@user = User.new
@user.new_record? # => true

@user.save

@user.new_record? # => false

@user = User.create
@user.new_record? # => false

@user = User.new(:name => “Raj”)
@user.save
@user.name # => Raj

@user = User.create(:name => “Penny”)
@user.name # => Penny


before_create :set_profile

private

def set_profile
self.profile = Profile.new
end

end

@user = User.new
@user.save

@user.profile # => <#Profile id: 1, about: nil>


validates_presence_of :email
validates_uniqueness_of :email

end

@user = User.new
@user.save # => false

@user.valid? # => false

@user.errors # => { :email => [“Can’t be blank”] }

@user.email = “foo@bar.com”
@user.save # => true

@user = User.find(3)
# => SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 3;

@user = User.find_by_name(“Joe”)
# => SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = ‘Joe’ LIMIT 1;

@user = User.first
# => SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 1;

@users = User.all
# => SELECT * FROM users;

@users = User.where(:name => “John”)
# => SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = ‘John’;

@users = User.where(“name LIKE ?”, “Jo%”)
# => SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE ‘Jo%’;

@users = User.order(“created_at DESC”)
# => SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY created_at DESC;

@users = User.joins(:profile).where(“profiles.about IS NULL”)
# => SELECT * FROM users LEFT OUTER JOIN profiles ON users.id =
profiles.user_id WHERE profiles.about IS NULL;


scope :with_name, where(“name IS NOT NULL”)

end

User.with_name
# => SELECT * from users WHERE name
IS NOT NULL;

User.with_name.where(“email = ‘foo@bar.com’”)
# => SELECT * FROM users WHERE name IS NOT NULL AND
email = ‘foo@bar.com’;

POST /users

PUT /users/2

DELETE /users/2

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
| +-routes.rb
+-db/
+-public/

Isshoni::Application.routes.draw do

get '/users' => 'users#index'
get '/users/:id' => 'users#show'
get '/users/new' => 'users#new'
post '/users' => 'users#create'
get '/users/:id/edit' => 'users#edit'
put '/users/:id' => 'users#update'
delete '/users/:id' => 'users#destroy'

end


resources :users

end


resources :users, :only => [:index, :show]

end


resources :users do
resources :ideas
end

end

# => /users/:id/ideas


resources :users do
match '/activate' => 'users#activate', :on => :member
end

end

# => /users/:id/activate


resources :users do
match '/active' => 'users#active', :on => :collection
end

end

# => /users/active

class UsersController < ApplicationController

end

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
end

# /users
users_path

# /users/:id
user_path(@user)

# /users/new
new_user_path

# /users/:id/edit
edit_user_path(@user)


def index
end

def show
end

def new
end

def create
end

def edit
end

def update
end

def destroy
end

end


# GET /users
def index
@users = User.all
end

end


# GET /users/:id
def show
@user = User.find(params[:id])
end

end


# GET /users/new
def new
@user = User.new
end

end


# POST /users
def create
@user = User.new(params[:user])
if @user.save
redirect_to users_path
else
render :new
end
end

end


# GET /users/:id/edit
def edit
end

end


# PUT /users/:id
def update
if @user.update_attributes(params[:user])
redirect_to user_path(@user)
else
render :edit
end
end

end


# DELETE /users/:id
def destroy
@user.destroy
end

end

# GET /users
def index
@users = User.all
end
# GET /users/:id/edit
# GET /users/:id
def edit
def show
end
end
# PUT /users/:id
# GET /users/new
def update
def new
@user = User.new
if
end
@user.update_attributes(params[:user])
# POST /users
else
def create
render :edit
end
if @user.save
end
else
# DELETE /users/:id
render :new
def destroy
end
end
@user.destroy
end
end

before_filter :get_user, :only => [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

def show
end

def edit
end

def update
if @user.update_attributes(params[:user])
else
render :edit
end
end

def destroy
@user.destroy
end

private

def get_user
end
end

# . #around (code before yield)
# . . #before
# . . . execute action
# . . -
# . #around (code after yield)
# #after

<% ["Joe", "Mei"].each do |name| %>
<p>Hello <%= name %></p>
<% end %>

<p>Hello Joe</p>
<p>Hello Mei</p>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Isshoni</title>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag 'style' %>
<%= javascript_include_tag :defaults %>
</head>
<body>
<%= yield %>
</body>
</html>

<%= stylesheet_link_tag ‘style’ %>
# /public/stylesheets/style.css

<%= javascript_include_tag ‘application’ %>
# /public/javascripts/application.js

<h1>Users</h1>
<p><%= link_to 'Add user', new_user_path %></p>

<% @users.each do |user| %>
<div class="user"><%= user.name %></div>
<% end %>

<h1><%= @user.name %></h1>

<p>
<strong>Email:</strong>
<%= @user.email %>
</p>

<p>
<strong>About:</strong>
<%= @user.profile.about %>
</p>

<h1>Add user</h1>

<%= render :partial => 'form', :object => f %>
<% end %>

<h1>Edit user</h1>

<%= render :partial => 'form', :object => f %>
<% end %>

<% form.fields_for :profile do |p| %>
<p>
</p>
<% end %>

has_one :profile, :dependent => :destroy

accepts_nested_attributes_for :profile
end

<%= link_to 'Add user', new_user_path %>
<a href=”/users/new”>Add user</a>

<% end %>
<form action=”/users” method=”post”>
</form>

<%= text_field_tag :name %>
<input type=”text” name=”name” id=”name” />

<%= javascript_include_tag 'application' %>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”/javascripts/application.js”></script>

<%= image_tag 'background.png' %>
<img src=”/images/background.png” alt=”background” />

class UserMailer < ActionMailer::Base
default :from => "no-reply@foobar.com"

def password_reset_instructions(user)
@user = user
mail :to => @user.email, :subject => "Password Reset"
end

end

UserMailer.password_reset_instructions(@user).deliver


def create
if @user.save
else
render :new
end
end

end

# params[:user] => { :username => "joe", :is_admin => true }
@user.save

@user.is_admin? # => true

attr_protected :is_admin
end

attr_accessible :username
end

@users = User.where("username LIKE '%#{params[:username]}%'")

# params[:username] = "nick' OR 1 = 1 OR username LIKE '%"
@users = User.where("username LIKE '%#{params[:username]}%'")

# SELECT * FROM users WHERE username LIKE '%nick' OR 1 = 1 OR username LIKE '%';

# params[:username] = "nick' OR 1 = 1 OR username LIKE '%"

@users = User.where("username LIKE ?", "%#{params[:username]}%")

# SELECT * FROM users WHERE username LIKE 'nick' OR 1 = 1 OR username LIKE '%';

mysite.com badsite.com

POST mysite.com/delete_account

protect_from_forgery
end

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
+-db/
+-public/
+-log/
| +-production.log

Started POST "/sessions" for 127.0.0.1 at Sat Jun 25 19:43:44 -0500 2011
Processing by SessionsController#create as HTML
Parameters: {"password"=>"123456", "email"=>"foo@bar.com"}
SQL (0.5ms) SHOW TABLES
Account Load (0.2ms) SELECT àccounts`.* FROM àccounts` WHERE
àccounts`.èmail` = 'foo@bar.com' LIMIT 1
Completed 200 OK in 274ms (Views: 66.3ms | ActiveRecord: 0.7ms)

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
| +-application.rb
+-db/
+-public/
+-log/

module Deli
class Application < Rails::Application

config.filter_parameters += [:password]

end
end

Started POST "/sessions" for 127.0.0.1 at Sat Jun 25 19:43:44 -0500 2011
Processing by SessionsController#create as HTML
Parameters: {"password"=>"[FILTERED]", "email"=>"foo@bar.com"}
SQL (0.5ms) SHOW TABLES
Account Load (0.2ms) SELECT àccounts`.* FROM àccounts` WHERE
àccounts`.èmail` = 'foo@bar.com' LIMIT 1
Completed 200 OK in 274ms (Views: 66.3ms | ActiveRecord: 0.7ms)

module Deli
class Application < Rails::Application

config.i18n.default_locale = :es

end
end

+-isshoni/
+-app/
+-config/
| +-locales/
| | +-es.yml
+-db/
+-public/
+-log/

es:
  home:
    title: "Ruby en la CP"
    subtitle: "Taller de RoR en CP"

<h1>Ruby en la CP</h1>

<h2>Taller de RoR en CP</h2>

en:
  home:
    title: "Ruby at CP"
    subtitle: "RoR workshopt at CP"

before_filter :set_language

private

def set_language
I18n.locale = params[:lang].to_sym if params[:lang]
end
end

http://mysite.com/users?lang=en

<h1>Ruby at CP</h1>

<h2>RoR workshop at CP</h2>

Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.9)
>>

>> User.all
=> []

>> User.all
=> []
>> User.create(:username => 'Testing')
=> #<User id: 2, username: "Testing", email: nil>

Convention over
conﬁguration

Fat models, thin
controllers

Thanks!
Edgar J. Suarez
@edgarjs

Desarrollando aplicaciones web en minutos

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