Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Kimberly E Keegan, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Kimberly E Keegan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Saint Louis, MO 63131
I find that often a person is suffering with one or more unresolved issues and continues to hope things will change. When things don't change or get better, they may be ready to seek counseling and become open to talking with a stranger. That's often a big step to take. The goal is to improve the situation, handle a crisis and/or just stop the pain. There are many issues that result in reaching out to a counselor including a relationship crisis, loss of some sort, surviving trauma, addictions, difficulty with family or significant others, and changes that may occur within the person such as depression or anxiety.
I find that often a person is suffering with one or more unresolved issues and continues to hope things will change. When things don't change or get better, they may be ready to seek counseling and become open to talking with a stranger. That's often a big step to take. The goal is to improve the situation, handle a crisis and/or just stop the pain. There are many issues that result in reaching out to a counselor including a relationship crisis, loss of some sort, surviving trauma, addictions, difficulty with family or significant others, and changes that may occur within the person such as depression or anxiety.
(314) 501-6341 View (314) 501-6341
Photo of Ellen Marting Jayaprabhu, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Ellen Marting Jayaprabhu
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide individual, couple, and family therapy for a variety of clinical issues from psychodynamic and family systems perspectives. I specialize in anxiety, depression, grief, eating disorders, abuse recovery (sexual, physical and emotional), relationship problems, adults and adolescents. I have a passion to work with hurting people and find it an honor to be part of the healing process that can occur through psychotherapy. I value and prioritize developing a strong and authentic relationship with my clients.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide individual, couple, and family therapy for a variety of clinical issues from psychodynamic and family systems perspectives. I specialize in anxiety, depression, grief, eating disorders, abuse recovery (sexual, physical and emotional), relationship problems, adults and adolescents. I have a passion to work with hurting people and find it an honor to be part of the healing process that can occur through psychotherapy. I value and prioritize developing a strong and authentic relationship with my clients.
(314) 635-6505 View (314) 635-6505
Photo of Samantha Anne Williams, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPCA, NCC
Samantha Anne Williams
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPCA, NCC
Saint Louis, MO 63102
Hey—warm welcome. I’m truly proud of you for taking the step to explore therapy. Finding the right therapist can feel daunting, and I’m honored you’re considering me to support you. As a Provisionally Licensed Professional Counselor, I strive to create a safe, affirming space to explore how you arrived at this point in your life, deepen insight into your thoughts and emotions, and work together to move forward, cope more effectively, and reshape how you engage with the world. Whether you are navigating depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, mood disorders, identity-related stress, or other challenges, we will walk this path.
Hey—warm welcome. I’m truly proud of you for taking the step to explore therapy. Finding the right therapist can feel daunting, and I’m honored you’re considering me to support you. As a Provisionally Licensed Professional Counselor, I strive to create a safe, affirming space to explore how you arrived at this point in your life, deepen insight into your thoughts and emotions, and work together to move forward, cope more effectively, and reshape how you engage with the world. Whether you are navigating depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, mood disorders, identity-related stress, or other challenges, we will walk this path.
(678) 535-3794 View (678) 535-3794
Photo of Katelynne Duke, Pre-Licensed Professional, BA, CIT
Katelynne Duke
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA, CIT
Saint Louis, MO 63132
Therapy is not about fixing you. It is about understanding you. You do not have to go through this alone. If you’ve been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, emotionally exhausted, or unsure how to put words to what you’re experiencing, therapy can be a place where you finally get to exhale. You might be holding everything together on the outside while feeling lost, disconnected, or heavy on the inside. That experience is more common than you realize — and it deserves care, not judgment. Starting now can matter as unspoken feelings tend to grow heavier when they are carried alone.
Therapy is not about fixing you. It is about understanding you. You do not have to go through this alone. If you’ve been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, emotionally exhausted, or unsure how to put words to what you’re experiencing, therapy can be a place where you finally get to exhale. You might be holding everything together on the outside while feeling lost, disconnected, or heavy on the inside. That experience is more common than you realize — and it deserves care, not judgment. Starting now can matter as unspoken feelings tend to grow heavier when they are carried alone.
(314) 675-7818 View (314) 675-7818
Photo of Natalie J Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Natalie J Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Online Only
Whether you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, self-image, or other life's pressure, I am here to listen and provide assistance through your journey. As your therapist, I want to be a guide for you to navigate the challenges you may face as well as assist you in identifying ways to navigate yourself through tough situations, thoughts and feelings.
Whether you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, self-image, or other life's pressure, I am here to listen and provide assistance through your journey. As your therapist, I want to be a guide for you to navigate the challenges you may face as well as assist you in identifying ways to navigate yourself through tough situations, thoughts and feelings.
(314) 947-2645 View (314) 947-2645
Photo of Dr. Ericka Rutledge, Psychologist, PhD, HSP
Dr. Ericka Rutledge
Psychologist, PhD, HSP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you a professional woman, an individual dealing with a chronic health condition, or a caregiver struggling with parenting and family stress? Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety, burnout, and the constant pressure to balance multiple roles? You're not alone. The demands of career, health management, or caregiving can be exhausting, often leaving you feeling trapped in a cycle of endless responsibilities.
Are you a professional woman, an individual dealing with a chronic health condition, or a caregiver struggling with parenting and family stress? Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety, burnout, and the constant pressure to balance multiple roles? You're not alone. The demands of career, health management, or caregiving can be exhausting, often leaving you feeling trapped in a cycle of endless responsibilities.
(314) 350-6772 View (314) 350-6772
Photo of William Arrington, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
William Arrington
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Online Only
As a Christian counselor, I am passionate about helping individuals find true freedom and healing through the power of Jesus Christ. I specialize in deliverance and inner healing, offering a safe, Spirit-led environment where you can confront the roots of emotional, spiritual, and generational wounds. With a heart for restoration, my mission is to walk alongside you as the Lord brings clarity, wholeness, and breakthrough. Whether you are dealing with fear, trauma, rejection, or spiritual oppression, I'm here to support you with biblical guidance, prayer, and compassionate care.
As a Christian counselor, I am passionate about helping individuals find true freedom and healing through the power of Jesus Christ. I specialize in deliverance and inner healing, offering a safe, Spirit-led environment where you can confront the roots of emotional, spiritual, and generational wounds. With a heart for restoration, my mission is to walk alongside you as the Lord brings clarity, wholeness, and breakthrough. Whether you are dealing with fear, trauma, rejection, or spiritual oppression, I'm here to support you with biblical guidance, prayer, and compassionate care.
(314) 907-0747 View (314) 907-0747
Photo of Dawn Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
Dawn Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
6 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Waitlist for new clients
I work with people of diverse beliefs, backgrounds, and cultures. I would love to work with you, not only to help you resolve the situations which brought you to counseling, but also to help you grow more into who you actually are. I utilize EMDR and DBT to help both teens and adults with life transitions, identity issues, abuse recovery, sex addictions, and life skills. I bring a balance to my counseling sessions. Clients can expect me to be honest and forward focused, while creating a space that feels at ease and judgment free. Please call to see if my services might be a fit for your needs.
I work with people of diverse beliefs, backgrounds, and cultures. I would love to work with you, not only to help you resolve the situations which brought you to counseling, but also to help you grow more into who you actually are. I utilize EMDR and DBT to help both teens and adults with life transitions, identity issues, abuse recovery, sex addictions, and life skills. I bring a balance to my counseling sessions. Clients can expect me to be honest and forward focused, while creating a space that feels at ease and judgment free. Please call to see if my services might be a fit for your needs.
(314) 207-4490 View (314) 207-4490
Photo of Kelly Gable, PharmD, BCPP, FAAPP
Kelly Gable
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello! I am a Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist with 20 years of experience working with individuals and clinicians in the treatment of anxiety, mood, and thought disorders, ADHD, PTSD, and OCD. Navigating the mental health care system can be challenging, and it can be equally difficult to find the right medication that meets your unique needs. Our session will focus on your current treatment concerns, goals for your mental health, and practical recommendations for you to consider with your prescriber.
Hello! I am a Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist with 20 years of experience working with individuals and clinicians in the treatment of anxiety, mood, and thought disorders, ADHD, PTSD, and OCD. Navigating the mental health care system can be challenging, and it can be equally difficult to find the right medication that meets your unique needs. Our session will focus on your current treatment concerns, goals for your mental health, and practical recommendations for you to consider with your prescriber.
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Photo of Dr. Ryan Walsh, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Ryan Walsh
Psychologist, PhD
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63119
Tension. Overthinking. Exhaustion. Irritation. Catastophizing. Pessimism. Procrastination. People-pleasing. If you recognize any of these, they are all signs that something isn't right. You may already know that it's not sustainable long-term. Maybe you've tried to find help, but it's been hard to get a response. Whatever your situation, it's time for a change and you've found the right place. If you feel stressed or anxious, saddled with a low mood, or are affected by trauma or other negative past events, it doesn't have to stay that way. I work with adults who are looking for support and change to build the life they want.
Tension. Overthinking. Exhaustion. Irritation. Catastophizing. Pessimism. Procrastination. People-pleasing. If you recognize any of these, they are all signs that something isn't right. You may already know that it's not sustainable long-term. Maybe you've tried to find help, but it's been hard to get a response. Whatever your situation, it's time for a change and you've found the right place. If you feel stressed or anxious, saddled with a low mood, or are affected by trauma or other negative past events, it doesn't have to stay that way. I work with adults who are looking for support and change to build the life they want.
(314) 887-3304 View (314) 887-3304
Photo of Stacy Kretzer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacy Kretzer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
I am an LCSW with a variety of experience in hospitals and mental health clinics. A major focus of my work has been helping clients develop healthy coping skills to manage mental health symptoms and life stressors. I received my Masters Degree from the University of Kansas, and I have been a therapist in both Missouri and Kansas for 17 years. I am trained in CBT and EMDR and provide individual therapy to adults. My previous work has included working
I am an LCSW with a variety of experience in hospitals and mental health clinics. A major focus of my work has been helping clients develop healthy coping skills to manage mental health symptoms and life stressors. I received my Masters Degree from the University of Kansas, and I have been a therapist in both Missouri and Kansas for 17 years. I am trained in CBT and EMDR and provide individual therapy to adults. My previous work has included working
(314) 408-6517 View (314) 408-6517
Photo of Kaisey Braun, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kaisey Braun
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Life is often complicated and even when it seems together from the outside on the inside we can still be struggling. I want my clients to feel like they are visiting a friend but a friend with sound advice and guidance. I will be relaxed so that you can relax and feel at home. My goal is always to help people through the ups and downs of life while taking all of life’s variables into account. Our sessions are for you, so I let you drive the bus while I am your aid and guide.
Life is often complicated and even when it seems together from the outside on the inside we can still be struggling. I want my clients to feel like they are visiting a friend but a friend with sound advice and guidance. I will be relaxed so that you can relax and feel at home. My goal is always to help people through the ups and downs of life while taking all of life’s variables into account. Our sessions are for you, so I let you drive the bus while I am your aid and guide.
(314) 207-7890 View (314) 207-7890
Photo of Gary L Hirshberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Gary L Hirshberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63110
I am a licensed clinical social worker who practices both individual and couples therapy. I have extensive experience working with client's from diverse backgrounds. My training as a social worker has given me the understanding of how both childhood and current life circumstances impact people. I work to assist client's in understanding how they deal with these problems. My goal is never to provide answers for people, but to help people to understand themselves so that they can function and operate independently of their conflicts and problems.
I am a licensed clinical social worker who practices both individual and couples therapy. I have extensive experience working with client's from diverse backgrounds. My training as a social worker has given me the understanding of how both childhood and current life circumstances impact people. I work to assist client's in understanding how they deal with these problems. My goal is never to provide answers for people, but to help people to understand themselves so that they can function and operate independently of their conflicts and problems.
(314) 238-8961 View (314) 238-8961
Photo of Alecia Watts, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Alecia Watts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Imagine feeling more grounded, confident, and in control of your emotions, even when life feels overwhelming. If you’re tired of overthinking, doubting yourself, or constantly trying to hold everything together, therapy can be a space to finally exhale and begin healing. I help adults who feel stuck in cycles of anxiety, stress, or self-criticism learn to quiet their inner critic, strengthen self-worth, and reconnect with their sense of purpose. Many of my clients come to me feeling burnt out, disconnected, or unsure of who they are beneath the roles they play. Through our work, they rediscover clarity, confidence, and calm.
Imagine feeling more grounded, confident, and in control of your emotions, even when life feels overwhelming. If you’re tired of overthinking, doubting yourself, or constantly trying to hold everything together, therapy can be a space to finally exhale and begin healing. I help adults who feel stuck in cycles of anxiety, stress, or self-criticism learn to quiet their inner critic, strengthen self-worth, and reconnect with their sense of purpose. Many of my clients come to me feeling burnt out, disconnected, or unsure of who they are beneath the roles they play. Through our work, they rediscover clarity, confidence, and calm.
(314) 648-8457 View (314) 648-8457
Photo of Yasmira Emofor, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCDP-D
Yasmira Emofor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCDP-D
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Not accepting new clients
Have you felt like you are missing out on life? Have you felt like you are in a slump that you can’t dig yourself out off? Like you have been struggling for so long without a break from the stress of it all? Whether your struggle is depression, anxiety, phobias, substance abuse or trauma, I am here to offer a safe space for you. What you want to feel is empowered, capable and resilient to handle the challenge; or ready to face down any fear. I've helped countless individuals! Let me help you reclaim resiliency today!
Have you felt like you are missing out on life? Have you felt like you are in a slump that you can’t dig yourself out off? Like you have been struggling for so long without a break from the stress of it all? Whether your struggle is depression, anxiety, phobias, substance abuse or trauma, I am here to offer a safe space for you. What you want to feel is empowered, capable and resilient to handle the challenge; or ready to face down any fear. I've helped countless individuals! Let me help you reclaim resiliency today!
(314) 742-8208 View (314) 742-8208
Photo of Michele Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
I'm Michele and I am excited you are taking steps to feel better about yourself and are interested to learn more about me. I'm a licensed clinical social worker in Missouri, and a qualified mental health professional. I am a certified clinical tele-mental health provider, a certified clinical trauma professional, and a certified grief informed professional. I've been a therapist for more than 25 years and I absolutely love what I do. I help young people learn to live authentically in spite of experiencing trauma in their past and help them express their true inner self. I counsel adult children who care for their aging parents to co
I'm Michele and I am excited you are taking steps to feel better about yourself and are interested to learn more about me. I'm a licensed clinical social worker in Missouri, and a qualified mental health professional. I am a certified clinical tele-mental health provider, a certified clinical trauma professional, and a certified grief informed professional. I've been a therapist for more than 25 years and I absolutely love what I do. I help young people learn to live authentically in spite of experiencing trauma in their past and help them express their true inner self. I counsel adult children who care for their aging parents to co
(319) 224-8791 View (319) 224-8791
Photo of Frederick Hudson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Frederick Hudson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Saint Louis, MO 63122
Fred has a person-centered approach to care. He believes in diversity, inclusion, and the inherent dignity of all persons including those in the LGBTQ+ and other marginalized communities. His main areas of focus include stress/anxiety, depression, and grief/loss. In his spare time, Fred enjoys music, dining out, and meditation.
Fred has a person-centered approach to care. He believes in diversity, inclusion, and the inherent dignity of all persons including those in the LGBTQ+ and other marginalized communities. His main areas of focus include stress/anxiety, depression, and grief/loss. In his spare time, Fred enjoys music, dining out, and meditation.
(314) 860-7915 View (314) 860-7915
Photo of Vivian McCollum, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Vivian McCollum
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Saint Louis, MO 63102
My name is Dr. Vivian J. McCollum. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I have particular experience working with couples and individuals helping them to solve communication and intimacy issues. For the past five years I have added older adults to my caseload helping them to use positive life skills to enrich their lives. In the initial session, I ask my clients to help set therapy goals by determining what they feel is their priority.
My name is Dr. Vivian J. McCollum. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor. I have particular experience working with couples and individuals helping them to solve communication and intimacy issues. For the past five years I have added older adults to my caseload helping them to use positive life skills to enrich their lives. In the initial session, I ask my clients to help set therapy goals by determining what they feel is their priority.
(314) 948-4597 View (314) 948-4597
Photo of Susan S Wolfe, Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Susan S Wolfe
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Not accepting new clients
I consider it a privilege to come alongside courageous clients in the areas of depression, anxiety, abuse, PTSD, as well as strained & broken relationships. I integrate Christian spirituality with IFS (Internal Family Systems), DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy), EMDR, and attachment-based models of psychotherapy. I help clients connect what they "know" about God and living that knowledge out with the goal of a "head-heart" connection. Through this process, clients experience long-lasting healing as they learn to live in the freedom of authenticity.
I consider it a privilege to come alongside courageous clients in the areas of depression, anxiety, abuse, PTSD, as well as strained & broken relationships. I integrate Christian spirituality with IFS (Internal Family Systems), DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy), EMDR, and attachment-based models of psychotherapy. I help clients connect what they "know" about God and living that knowledge out with the goal of a "head-heart" connection. Through this process, clients experience long-lasting healing as they learn to live in the freedom of authenticity.
(314) 717-1727 View (314) 717-1727
Photo of Sarah Bell - Solutions for Wellbeing, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCDP-D, MARS
Solutions for Wellbeing, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCDP-D, MARS
Online Only
Our lives can get very busy--making it hard to find time for counseling. I provide counseling via Telehealth and offer convenient evening and weekend time slots. Life can sometimes “knock our socks off”—I focus on helping clients get back on track and thriving again. Together, we develop a step-by-step plan to identify the problem, explore possible solutions, and develop strategies to move forward. We will explore the things that are getting in the way of you feeling your best self.
Our lives can get very busy--making it hard to find time for counseling. I provide counseling via Telehealth and offer convenient evening and weekend time slots. Life can sometimes “knock our socks off”—I focus on helping clients get back on track and thriving again. Together, we develop a step-by-step plan to identify the problem, explore possible solutions, and develop strategies to move forward. We will explore the things that are getting in the way of you feeling your best self.
(314) 690-9876 View (314) 690-9876

See more therapy options for Saint Louis

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$131

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
72% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
69% Stress
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
78% Cigna and Evernorth
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.