Ardealite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Ardealite
Transylvania (Ardeal), Romania
Formula:
Ca2(PO3OH)(SO4) · 4H2O
Colour:
Light yellow, yellow, brownish yellow, colourless
Lustre:
Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
1 - 1½
Specific Gravity:
2.30 - 2.34
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by Josef Schadler and Franz Halla in 1931 for "Ardeal," the old Romanian name for Transylvania, where the type locality is situated.
Type Locality:
A secondary mineral resulting from the breakdown of bat guano in caves in reaction with calcite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
321
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:321:6
IMA Classification of Ardealite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1932
Classification of Ardealite
8.CJ.50
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
J : With only large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
J : With only large cations
43.1.1.1
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
1 : Acid Compound Phosphates, etc·
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
1 : Acid Compound Phosphates, etc·
22.3.2
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Adl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Ardealite
Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Fine-grained mineral
Colour:
Light yellow, yellow, brownish yellow, colourless
Streak:
Pale yellow
Hardness:
1 - 1½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Density:
2.30 - 2.34 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.32 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Ardealite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.531 nβ = 1.539 nγ = 1.546
2V:
Measured: 86°
Birefringence:
0.015
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Ardealite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2(PO3OH)(SO4) · 4H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Ardealite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Bb
Setting:
Cc
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.721 Å, b = 30.992 Å, c = 6.25 Å
β = 117.26°
β = 117.26°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.185 : 1 : 0.202
Unit Cell V:
985.08 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals very thin platy, minute. Forms thin crusts and fine-grained powdery to clayey masses.
Comment:
Space Group of Cc is based on synthetic material.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000666 | Ardealite | Sakae T, Nagata H, Sudo T (1978) The crystal structure of synthetic calcium phosphate - sulfate hydrate, Ca2HPO4SO4.4H2O, and its relation to brushite and gypsum American Mineralogist 63 520-527 |  | 1978 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.73 Å | (100) |
| 3.93 Å | (21) |
| 3.87 Å | (36) |
| 3.15 Å | (20) |
| 3.08 Å | (55) |
| 2.849 Å | (24) |
| 2.813 Å | (25) |
| 1.810 Å | (27) |
Comments:
ICDD 41-585
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
Geological Setting:
Limestone caves
Type Occurrence of Ardealite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine-grained, earthy to powdery masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England, UK: #1933,87.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Limestone cave
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Ardealite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CJ. | Airdite | Sr(V4+O)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Dobšináite | Ca2Ca(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Sainfeldite | Ca5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Caesiumpharmacosiderite | CsFe3+4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Jeankempite | Ca5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 7H2O |
| 8.CJ.05 | Stercorite | (NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.10 | Swaknoite | (NH4)2Ca(PO3OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.10 | Mundrabillaite | (NH4)2Ca(PO3OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.15 | Nabaphite | NaBaPO4 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.15 | Nastrophite | Na(Sr,Ba)PO4 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.20 | Haidingerite | CaHAsO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.25 | Rhabdophane-(Y) | YPO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.25 | Vladimirite | Ca4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH) · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.27 | 'Churchite-(Dy)' | (Dy,Sm,Gd,Nd)PO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.30 | Ferrarisite | Ca5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.35 | Fulbrightite | Ca(V4+O)2(As5+O4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.35 | Machatschkiite | (Ca,Na)6(AsO4)(HAsO4)3(PO4,SO4) · 15H2O |
| 8.CJ.40 | Rauenthalite | Ca3(AsO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.CJ.40 | Phaunouxite | Ca3(AsO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Smirnovskite | (Th,Ca)PO4 · nH2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(La) | La(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(Nd) | Nd(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Tristramite | (Ca,U,Fe)(PO4,SO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Grayite | (Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Štěpite | U(AsO3OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.47 | Vysokýite | U4+[AsO2(OH)2]4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Brushite | Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Pharmacolite | Ca(HAsO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | 'Churchite-(Nd)' | Nd(PO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.55 | Mcnearite | NaCa5(AsO4)(HAsO4)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.60 | Dorfmanite | Na2(PO3OH) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.65 | Sincosite | Ca(V4+O)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.65 | Bariosincosite | Ba(V4+O)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.70 | Catalanoite | Na2(PO3OH) · 8H2O |
| 8.CJ.75 | Guérinite | Ca6(HAsO4)3(AsO4)2 · 10.5H2O |
| 8.CJ.85 | Ningyoite | (U,Ca,Ce)2(PO4)2 · 1-2H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Commonly intermixed with Brushite and Gypsum.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Ardealite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-321.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Ardealite
Reference List:
Sakae, Toshiro, Nagata, Hiroshi, Sudo, Toshio (1978) The crystal structure of synthetic calcium phosphate-sulfate hydrate, Ca2HPO4SO4·4H2O and its relation to brushite and gypsum. American Mineralogist, 63 (5-6) 520-527
Aslanian, Selma, Stoilova, Donka (1982) Étude de l'ardéalite, membre intermédiaire du système gypse-brushite. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 105 (6). 621-624 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1982.7644
Frost, Ray L.; Palmer, Sara J.; Pogson, Ross (2011) Thermal stability of the ‘cave’ mineral ardealite Ca2(HPO4)(SO4)·4H2O. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 107 (2). 549-553 doi:10.1007/s10973-011-1458-0
Localities for Ardealite
Showing 40 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| R. Bottrill |
| Podgson RE |
| Helictite 13:19-33 |
Bahamas | |
| Onac B.P. et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Onac B.P. et al. (2001) | |
Bulgaria | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Chile | |
| SEM-EDS by Igor V. Pekov |
France | |
| |
Hungary | |
| Geoda/2007/1 +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Balenzano et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Balenzano et al. (1974) |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) | |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
Japan | |
| Anthony et al. (2000) |
Lebanon | |
| Kruszewski (2019) |
Malaysia | |
| Bridge et al. (1983) |
Mexico | |
| Forti (2006) |
Namibia | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Romania | |
| Onac et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Dumitras D et al. (2004) |
| Zeitschrift für Kristallographie et al. (1931) +3 other references |
| Onac (2009) |
| Marincea et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Onac et al. (2003) |
Russia | |
| Sokol et al. (2022) |
Slovakia | |
| Cílek V. |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Miller et al. (2016) |
South Korea | |
| Jun +4 other references |
Spain | |
| B. Onac et al (2009) |
| Onac et al. (2005) |
| Onac et al. (2005) |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
Venezuela | |
| Urbani (1996) |
| Franco Urbani (2009) |
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Moorba Cave, Jurien Bay, Dandaragan Shire, Western Australia, Australia