Perloffite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Perloffite
Lou Perloff
Formula:
Ba(Mn2+,Fe2+)2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3
Colour:
Brownish black, green-brown, black
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
4.00 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1977 by Anthony R. Kampf in honor of Louis "Lou" Perloff (December 3, 1907, New York City - January 16, 2004) American lawyer and micromounter. He assembled one of the largest collections ever of both micromounts and slides taken of those micromounts.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3164
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3164:2
IMA Classification of Perloffite
Approved
IMA Formula:
BaMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3
First published:
1977
Classification of Perloffite
8.BH.20
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
41.9.1.4
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq
19.5.15
19 : Phosphates
5 : Phosphates of Sr and Ba
19 : Phosphates
5 : Phosphates of Sr and Ba
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Plf | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Perloffite
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Brownish black, green-brown, black
Streak:
Greenish yellow
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {100}
on {100}
Density:
4.00 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Perloffite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.793 nβ = 1.803 nγ = 1.808
2V:
Measured: 70° to 80°, Calculated: 70°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r << v
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X=Z= dark greenish brown
Y= light greenish brown
Y= light greenish brown
Chemistry of Perloffite
Mindat Formula:
Ba(Mn2+,Fe2+)2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Perloffite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Setting:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.22 Å, b = 12.42 Å, c = 4.99 Å
β = 100.39°
β = 100.39°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.742 : 1 : 0.402
Unit Cell V:
562.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals resemble spearheads, parallel and radial growths common. May be massive.
Type material shows {001}, {101}, {021}, {131}.
Type material shows {001}, {101}, {021}, {131}.
Twinning:
None observed
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019599 | Perloffite | Elliott P, Willis A C (2011) The crystal structure of perloffite Mineralogical Magazine 75 317-325 | 2011 | Spring Creek copper mine, near Wilmington, South Australia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.166 Å | (100) |
| 2.73 Å | (80b) |
| 2.982 Å | (50) |
| 3.105 Å | (40) |
| 2.939 Å | (40) |
| 2.070 Å | (40) |
| 5.12 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 34 : Complex granite pegmatites | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Perloffite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Lustrous, black, spear-shaped crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 135925, 137015.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pegmatite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Perloffite
Other Language Names for Perloffite
Relationship of Perloffite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Bjarebyite Group:
| Bjarebyite | (Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Johntomaite | BaFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Kulanite | Ba(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Nigelcookite | PbFe2+2V3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Penikisite | Ba(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Plumbojohntomaite | PbFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Plumboperloffite | PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Strontioperloffite | SrMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 6 photos of Perloffite associated with Native Copper | Cu |
| 6 photos of Perloffite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 4 photos of Perloffite associated with Ludlamite | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 2 photos of Perloffite associated with Cuprite | Cu2O |
| 2 photos of Perloffite associated with Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 1 photo of Perloffite associated with Kenngottite | Mn2+3Fe3+4(PO4)4(OH)6(H2O)2 |
| 1 photo of Perloffite associated with Vivianite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| 1 photo of Perloffite associated with Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BH. | Peterchinite | Zn3Zn2(OH)6As[O3(OH)3] |
| 8.BH. | Reznitskyite | CaMg(VO4)F |
| 8.BH. | Plumbogottlobite | PbMg(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH. | Cuprozheshengite | Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH. | Zheshengite | Pb4ZnZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH. | Crimsonite | PbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.05 | Thadeuite | Ca(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.BH.10 | Panasqueiraite | CaMg(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.10 | Isokite | CaMg(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Lacroixite | NaAl(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Arsenatrotitanite | NaTi(AsO4)O |
| 8.BH.10 | Maxwellite | NaFe3+(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Durangite | NaAl(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Kononovite | NaMg(SO4)F |
| 8.BH.15 | Drugmanite | Pb2Fe3+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.20 | Nigelcookite | PbFe2+2V3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Plumbojohntomaite | PbFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Cirrolite | Ca3Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 (?) |
| 8.BH.20 | Penikisite | Ba(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite Group | |
| 8.BH.20 | Strontioperloffite | SrMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Plumboperloffite | PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Johntomaite | BaFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite | (Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Kulanite | Ba(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.25 | Bertossaite | Li2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.25 | Natropalermoite | Na2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.25 | Palermoite | Li2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.30 | Sewardite | CaFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.30 | Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.35 | Adelite | CaMg(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Cobaltaustinite | CaCo(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Nickelaustinite | CaNi(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Gabrielsonite | PbFe3+(As3+O3)O |
| 8.BH.35 | Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | 'Duftite-alpha' | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Gottlobite | CaMg(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Hermannroseite | CaCu(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Tangeite | CaCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Čechite | PbFe2+(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Khorixasite | (Bi0.67◻0.33)Cu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Pyrobelonite | PbMn2+(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.45 | Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.45 | Vésigniéite | BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.50 | Paganoite | NiBi(AsO4)O |
| 8.BH.55 | Jagowerite | BaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.55 | Harrisonite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)6(PO4)2(SiO4)2 |
| 8.BH.60 | Attakolite | CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.65 | Leningradite | PbCu3(VO4)2Cl |
| 8.BH.70 | Katiarsite | KTiO(AsO4) |
| 8.BH.70 | Yurgensonite | K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BH.75 | Melanarsite | K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4 |
| 8.BH.80 | Evseevite | Na2Mg(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.80 | Moraskoite | Na2Mg(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.85 | Piccoliite | NaCaMn3+2(AsO4)2O(OH) |
Other Information
Notes:
Slowly soluble in 1:1 HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Perloffite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3164.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Perloffite
Reference List:
Kampf, Anthony R. (1977) A New Mineral: Perloffite, the Fe3+ Analogue of Bjarebyite. The Mineralogical Record, 8 (2) 112-114
Fleischer, Michael, Pabst, Adolf, Mandarino, J. A., Chao, George Y. (1977) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 62 (9-10) 1057-1061
Kampf, Anthony R. (1977) A New Mineral: Perloffite, the Fe3+ Analogue of Bjarebyite. The Mineralogical Record, 8 (2) 112-114
Birch, W.D., Mumme, W.G. (1988) Hentschelite and Perloffite from the Spring Creek Copper Mine, South Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 52 (366) 408-411 doi:10.1180/minmag.1988.052.366.16
Localities for Perloffite
Showing 12 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Pring et al. (1999) |
| Elliott (2022) +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Sergio Varvello collection |
| Found and analyzed by Dr Ricardo Scholz | |
Canada | |
| Ercit et al. (2010) |
Czech Republic | |
| Jirásek et al. (2016) |
Germany | |
| Mücke (1987) |
| web.archive.org (2001) +1 other reference | |
Portugal | |
| Neiva et al. (2000) |
USA | |
| Falster et al. (2019) |
| Loomis (2011) |
| Kampf (1977) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout PerloffiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Big Chief Mine, Glendale, Keystone Mining District, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA