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Idaite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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00272310017405178747897.jpg
Idaite, etc.

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
02623800017272737383526.jpg
Idaite

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
01862800017271982628512.jpg
Idaite

Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium
03438430017403251404812.jpg
Idaite, etc.

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
00335100017271923958185.jpg
Idaite

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
06034130017271923981090.jpg
Idaite

Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium
00272310017405178747897.jpg
Idaite, etc.

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
00335100017271923958185.jpg
Idaite

Gruvberget, Svappavaara, Kiruna, Norrbotten County, Sweden
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About IdaiteHide

Formula:
Cu5FeS6
Very close to Cu5.5FeS6.5 according to Sugaki et al. (1975).
Colour:
red-brown, bronzy-brown, or coppery-red, like untarnished bornite.
Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
2½ - 3½
Specific Gravity:
4.2 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named for the type locality, the Ida mine in Namibia.
Grandfathered but inadequately described and questionable mineral; name may refer to both impure nukundamite, which was originally called "idaite", or to a tetragonal phase close to Sn-poor mawsonite (Rice et al., 1979). Most data here are consistent with nukundamite.

It has sometimes been placed in Stannite Group but the formula and crystal system are incompatible. The IMA formula appears incorrect.

A lamellar, strongly anisotropic, bronze-coloured, decomposition product of bornite, commonly associated with fine spindles of chalcopyrite; apparently of secondary origin, a first product of secondary enrichment.

Chemically similar to bornite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2002
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2002:8

Similar NamesHide

IkaiteA valid IMA mineral speciesCaCO3 · 6H2O
IoditeA synonym of Iodargyrite
ItatĩA synonym of Native Silver
ItoiteA valid IMA mineral speciesPb3Ge4+(SO4)2O2(OH)2

IMA Classification of IdaiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Cu3FeS4
First published:
1958
Type description reference:
Frenzel, G. (1959) Ein neues Mineral: Idait, natürliches Cu5FeS6. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 93, 87–114. (in German)

Classification of IdaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.CB.15a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.9.14.1

2 : SULFIDES
9 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.1.29

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
IdaIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
IdaThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of IdaiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Red-brown, bronzy-brown, or coppery-red, like untarnished bornite.
Hardness:
2½ - 3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.2 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of IdaiteHide

Anisotropism:
Strong, reddish orange to reddish brown
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm13.9%17.7%
420nm14.8%18.5%
440nm15.7%19.3%
460nm16.9%21.0%
480nm18.4%23.2%
500nm20.5%25.5%
520nm23.2%27.8%
540nm26.1%29.4%
560nm28.9%30.6%
580nm30.6%31.4%
600nm31.9%31.6%
620nm32.8%31.9%
640nm33.5%32.2%
660nm34.1%32.8%
680nm34.7%33.2%
700nm35.2%33.7%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 35.2%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Red-orange to yellow-grey.

Chemistry of IdaiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Cu5FeS6

Very close to Cu5.5FeS6.5 according to Sugaki et al. (1975).
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Cu56.140 %
S33.993 %
Fe9.867 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Cu, Fe, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of IdaiteHide

Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.90 Å, c = 16.95 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 4.346
Unit Cell V:
223.27 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Lamellar.
Comment:
Space group unknown.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.38 Å(5)
3.27 Å(60)
3.14 Å(100)
3.00 Å(5)
2.82 Å(100)
2.70 Å(80)
2.42 Å(40)
2.20 Å(40)
2.13 Å(5)
1.89 Å(100)
1.85 Å(100)
1.79 Å(5)
1.73 Å(40)
1.686 Å(5)
1.630 Å(60)
1.564 Å(100)
1.500 Å(5)
1.442 Å(40)
1.317 Å(80)
1.275 Å(5)
1.225 Å(40)
1.206 Å(40)
1.188 Å(5)
1.161 Å(60)
1.141 Å(5)
1.104 Å(5)
1.091 Å(20)
1.081 Å(80)
1.058 Å(40)
1.043 Å(80)
1.017 Å(40)
1.006 Å(40)
0.987 Å(40)
Comments:
ICDD 13-161. Research articles suggest that idaite needs re-investigation.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases4.566-4.560
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of IdaiteHide

Synonyms of IdaiteHide

Other Language Names for IdaiteHide

Dutch:Idaiet
German:Idait
Simplified Chinese:铁铜蓝
伊达矿
Spanish:Idaita

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
53 photos of Idaite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
51 photos of Idaite associated with CovelliteCuS
31 photos of Idaite associated with BorniteCu5FeS4
10 photos of Idaite associated with PyriteFeS2
5 photos of Idaite associated with Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
2 photos of Idaite associated with DigeniteCu9S5
1 photo of Idaite associated with Charoite(K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2O
1 photo of Idaite associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
1 photo of Idaite associated with PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
1 photo of Idaite associated with NukundamiteCu3.33Fe0.66S4

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.CB.RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.OkruginiteCu2SnSe3Mon. m : Bb
2.CB.HanswilkeiteKFeS2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.CB.AuroselenideAuSeMon. 2/m : B2/m
2.CB.Ruizhongite(Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
2.CB.AgmantiniteAg2MnSnS4Orth.
2.CB.TolstykhiteAu3S4Te6Tric. 1 : P1
2.CB.GachingiteAu(Te1-xSex)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.05aHawleyiteCdSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05'UM1998-15-S:CuFeZn'Cu2Fe3Zn5S10
2.CB.05aColoradoiteHgTeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aMetacinnabarHgSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aTiemanniteHgSeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aSphaleriteZnSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05bSakuraiite(Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 Iso.
2.CB.05cPolhemusite(Zn,Hg)STet.
2.CB.05aRudashevskyite(Fe,Zn)SIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aStilleiteZnSeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aIshiharaite(Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)SIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.07a'Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide)'Cu2MnSnS4
2.CB.07aShenzhuangiteNiFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10bTalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.CB.10bHaycockiteCu4Fe5S8Orth. 2 2 2
2.CB.10aLenaiteAgFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10aGalliteCuGaS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10aRoquesiteCuInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10aEskeborniteCuFeSe2Tet. 4 2m : P4 2c
2.CB.10a'UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn'Cu2Fe2Sn3S7
2.CB.10cOmariniiteCu8Fe2ZnGe2S12Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2
2.CB.10aChalcopyriteCuFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10a'Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide)'CuZn2InS4
2.CB.10bMooihoekiteCu9Fe9S16Tet. 4 2m : P4 2m
2.CB.10aLaforêtiteAgInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10bPutoraniteCu1.1Fe1.2S2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pn3m
2.CB.15aVelikiteCu2HgSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15c'UM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZn'Cu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?)
2.CB.15aHocartiteAg2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15aKësteriteCu2ZnSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aPirquitasiteAg2ZnSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aStanniteCu2FeSnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15cStannoiditeCu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2
2.CB.15bMohiteCu2SnS3Mon.
2.CB.15aČernýiteCu2CdSnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15aFerrokësteriteCu2FeSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aKuramiteCu3SnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.17a v'Arsenic-bearing Renierite'Cu11GeAsFe4S16
2.CB.20MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
2.CB.20ChatkaliteCu6FeSn2S8Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
2.CB.30'Frieseite'Ag2Fe5S8 (?)
2.CB.30NekrasoviteCu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30'Argyropyrite'near Ag2Fe7S11
2.CB.30MaikainiteCu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.CB.30ColusiteCu13VAs3S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30GermaniteCu13Fe2Ge2S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.30StibiocolusiteCu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.30Ovamboite Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.35aMorozeviczite(Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4Iso.
2.CB.35aRenierite(Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16Tet. 4 2m : P4 2c
2.CB.35aHemusiteCu6SnMoS8Iso.
2.CB.35bCatamarcaiteCu6GeWS8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.35aVincienniteCu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16Tet.
2.CB.35aKiddcreekiteCu6SnWS8Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.35aPolkovicite(Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4Iso.
2.CB.40LautiteCuAsSOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.CB.42LingbaoiteAgTe3Trig. 3m : R3m
2.CB.45CadmoseliteCdSeHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45RambergiteMnSHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45Buseckite(Fe,Zn,Mn)SHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45MaletoyvayamiteAu3Se4Te6Tric. 1 : P1
2.CB.45GreenockiteCdSHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)SHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.47MurchisiteCr5S6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c
2.CB.50'Zincselenide'ZnSe
2.CB.50WassoniteTiSTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
2.CB.52'Dzhezkazganite'ReMoCu2PbS6 ?Trig. 3m : R3m
2.CB.55bIsocubaniteCuFe2S3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
2.CB.55aCubaniteCuFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.60RaguiniteTlFeS2Orth.
2.CB.60PicotpauliteTlFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.CB.65ArgentopyriteAgFe2S3Mon. 2/m
2.CB.65SternbergiteAgFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.70SulvaniteCu3VS4Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.75VulcaniteCuTeOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.80EmpressiteAgTeOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.85MuthmanniteAuAgTe2Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Fluorescence of IdaiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for IdaiteHide

References for IdaiteHide

Reference List:
Frenzel, G. (1958) Ein neues Mineral: Idait. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 142-142. Fleischer. M. (1958) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 43, 1219-1225.
Fleischer, M. (1958) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 43 (11-12). 1219-1225
Frenzel, G. (1959) Ein neues Mineral: Idait, natürliches Cu5FeS6. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 93, 87–114. (in German)
Takeuchi, T., Nambu, M. (1961). On idaite (Cu5FeS6) in Japan. The Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 45(3), 93-100.
Frenzel, Gerhard (1963) On crystal data for idaite. American Mineralogist, 48 (5-6) 672-677 676
Yund, Richard A. (1963) Crystal Data For Synthetic Cu5.5xFexS6.5x (IDAITE). American Mineralogist, 48 (5-6). 672-677
Constantinou, G. (1975) Idaite from the Skouriotissa massive sulfide orebody, Cyprus: Its composition and conditions of formation. American Mineralogist, 60 (11-12) 1013-1018
Sugaki, A., Shima, H., Kitakaze, A., Harada, H. (1975) Isothermal phase relations in the system Cu-Fe-S under hydrothermal conditions at 350°C and 300°C. Economic Geology, 70 (4) 806-823 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.70.4.806
Wang, N. (1976) Idaite and the synthetic phases Cu4.33Ge0.67S5 and Cu9.67Sn2.33S13. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 6, 241-247.
Weigel, D.A. (1978). Idaite," Cu5.5FeS6.5" and related phases: their physico-chemical features, occurrence and genesis in ore deposits. Doctoral dissertation, Auckland.
Rice, C. M., Atkin, D., Bowles, J. F. W., Criddle, A. J. (1979) Nukundamite, a new mineral, and idaite. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (326) 193-200 doi:10.1180/minmag.1979.043.326.01
Makundi, I.N. (1989). Moessbauer studies on Idaite (Cu5.5FeS6.5). Tanzania Journal of Science, 15(1), 73-85.
Weigel, Dennis A. (1994). The idaite-nukundamite-bornite-chalcopyrite metastable solid solution--Crystal chemistry, superlattice architecture and bonding; thermochemistry and phase equilibria; natural occurrences, geochemistry and metallogenesis. Geoscience Reports of Shizuoka University, 20, 75-90.
(2005) Idaite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for IdaiteHide

Showing 188 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Angola
 
  • Cuanza Sul Province
    • Sumbe
Milesi et al. (2006)
Antarctica
 
  • East Antarctica
    • Queen Maud Land
      • Queen Fabiola Mountains
El Gorsey et al. (1988)
Argentina
 
  • La Rioja Province
    • Chilecito department
      • Sañogasta
Minerales de la Republica Argentina +1 other reference
    • Famatina Department
      • La Mejicana mining area
Brodtkorb et al. (1999)
Singer et al. (2005)
  • Mendoza Province
    • Malargüe Department
      • Pampa Amarilla mining district
        • Agua Botada
Brodtkorb (2002)
American Mineralogist: 51: 1-13
  • Salta Province
    • Los Andes department
      • San Antonio de los Cobres
        • Organullo mining district
Brodtkorb (2002)
  • Santa Cruz Province
    • Deseado Department
      • Tres Cerros
Brodtkorb (2002)
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
Mozgova et al. (2007)
    • Semenov region
Firstova et al. (2019)
    • Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse hydrothermal field (TAG)
Mozgova et al. (2000)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Kennedy Co.
      • Condobolin district
McClatchie (1971)
Gilligan et al. (1993)
Gilligan et al. (1993)
  • South Australia
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Olympic Dam
Ehrig et al. (2012)
      • Pernatty
        • Pernatty Lagoon
Annells (1981)
Austria
 
  • Burgenland
    • Oberwart District
      • Stadtschlaining
Huber et al. (1977) +1 other reference
  • Carinthia
    • Spittal an der Drau District
      • Großkirchheim
        • Zirknitz
          • Kleine Zirknitz valley
            • Kluidscharte
Paar et al. (1982) +1 other reference
  • Lower Austria
    • Neunkirchen District
Tufar (1967) +1 other reference
Hackenberg (2003)
    • Wiener Neustadt-Land District
      • Katzelsdorf
Tufar (1966)
  • Salzburg
    • Zell am See District
      • Leogang
        • Hütten
          • Schwarzleograben
            • Schwarzleo mining district
R.Poeverlein (2016)
R.Poeverlein (2016)
R.Poeverlein (2016)
  • Tyrol
    • Innsbruck-Land District
      • Neustift im Stubaital
        • Habicht
Vavtar (1986)
    • Kitzbühel District
      • Oberndorf in Tirol
Vohryzka (1968) +1 other reference
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Liège
Hatert et al. (2014)
    • Luxembourg
Michel Blondieau. +5 other references
        • Cahay
Hatert (1996) +1 other reference
Brazil
 
  • Bahia
    • Curaçá
Bello (1986)
Bulgaria
 
  • Blagoevgrad Province
    • Satovcha Municipality
Bul. Acad. Sci. (1998)
  • Pazardzhik Province
    • Panagyurishte Municipality
      • Elshitsa
Bogdanov et al. (1997)
      • Levski
Anthony et al. (1990)
      • Panagyurishte
Cioacă et al. (2018)
  • Sofia Province
    • Chelopech Municipality
Terziev (1966) +1 other reference
    • Etropole Municipality
Mladenova et al. (2017)
Canada
 
  • Alberta
    • Pincher Creek
      • Yarrow Creek-Spionkop Creek deposit
Goble (1980)
Goble (1980)
  • British Columbia
    • Alberni Mining Division
      • Ahousat
personal correspondence with Giles ... +1 other reference
  • Northwest Territories
    • Great Slave Lake
      • East Arm area
Badham et al. (1980)
  • Ontario
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Seagull Lake Area
        • Seagull Lake complex
Wilson et al. (2013)
  • Québec
    • Bas-Saint-Laurent
      • Témiscouata RCM
        • Lac Témiscouata
Mineralium Deposita 44 (2009)
    • Montérégie
      • Acton RCM
Econ Geol (1994)
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Antofagasta
        • Escondida
Singer et al. (2008)
    • El Loa Province
      • Calama
        • Chuquicamata District
Cook (1978)
  • Coquimbo
    • Elqui Province
"Faja de mineralización de oro +2 other references
HENLEY et al. (2011)
China
 
  • Guizhou
    • Guiyang
      • Qingzhen County
Lin et al. (2002)
  • Hunan
    • Changsha
      • Liuyang City
Zhengqin Li (1991)
    • Chenzhou
      • Guiyang Co.
Zhengqin Li (1991)
Cyprus
 
  • Nicosia District
    • Skouriotissa
Constantinou (1975) +1 other reference
DR Congo
 
  • Haut-Katanga
    • Kipushi Territory
      • Kipushi
Deliens (1996)
      • Musoshi
J. Cailteux (Shaba, République du Zaïre)
Ecuador
 
  • Cotopaxi Province
    • Pujilí Canton
      • Macuchi
Chiaradia et al. (2000)
  • Pichincha Province
Chiaradia et al. (2000)
Europe
 
  • Carpathian Mountains
Ferenc et al. (2001)
Fiji
 
  • Vanua Levu
    • Macuata
      • Nukundamu
1996 +5 other references
Finland
 
  • Lapland
    • Ranua
Mutanen
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Kalajoki
      • Rautio
Nurmi
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Allier
      • Vichy
        • Laprugne
Picot et al. (1977)
    • Haute-Loire
      • Brioude
        • Langeac
          • Barlet
Pélisson (1989)
        • Paulhac
Pélisson (1989)
  • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
    • Haute-Saône
      • Lure
        • Mélisey
          • Château-Lambert
Wittern et al. (1997)
    • Saône-et-Loire
      • Charolles
        • Chalmoux
Cesbron et al. (1985) +1 other reference
  • Brittany
    • Côtes-d'Armor
      • Lannion
        • Plestin-les-Grèves
Chauris (2014)
    • Finistère
      • Châteaulin
        • Crozon
Pierrot et al. (1973)
      • Quimper
        • Edern
Chauris (2014)
  • Corsica
    • Haute-Corse
      • Corte
        • Ghisoni
Azias (1968)
Azias (1968)
  • New Caledonia
    • Northern Province
      • Ouégoa
Briggs (1975)
      • Poum
Briggs (1975)
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Millau
        • Calmels-et-le-Viala
Pierrot et al. (France)
      • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
        • Monteils
    • Hérault
      • Lodève
        • Le Puech
    • Lozère
      • Mende
        • Saint-Léger-de-Peyre
Galvier et al. (1997) +1 other reference
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Alpes-Maritimes
      • Nice Arrondissement
        • Belvédère
R. Pierrot
        • Daluis
R. Pierrot
        • Guillaumes
R. Pierrot
        • Roure
R. Pierrot
R. Pierrot
R. Pierrot
        • Saint-Sauveur-sur-Tinée
R. Pierrot
        • Valdeblore
R. Pierrot
    • Hautes-Alpes
      • Briançon
        • Saint-Véran
A. Sinojmeri et al. (Hautes Alpes)
        • Villar-d'Arêne
R. Pierrot
      • Gap
        • La Chapelle-en-Valgaudemar
R. Pierrot
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1992)
      • Rottweil
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
Weiß (1990)
            • Heubach valley
              • Trillengrund
Walenta (1992)
      • Waldshut
        • St Blasien
          • Menzenschwand
Walenta (1992)
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Franconia
      • Aschaffenburg District
        • Sommerkahl
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Tirschenreuth District
        • Pechbrunn
Weiß (1990)
  • Brandenburg
    • Spree-Neiße
      • Spremberg
Kopp et al. (2006) +1 other reference
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Mühltal
          • Nieder-Ramstadt
Weiß (1990)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Göttingen District
      • Herzberg am Harz
        • Sieber
Heider (2014)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Siegen-Wittgenstein
        • Siegen
          • Eiserfeld
            • Kohlenbach Valley
Wittern (2001)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Donnersbergkreis
      • Nordpfälzer Land
        • Obermoschel
Krupp (1989)
  • Saxony-Anhalt
Wittern (2001)
Hungary
 
  • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
    • Kazincbarcika District
NAGY et al. (2000)
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya
India
 
  • Madhya Pradesh
    • Jabalpur Division
      • Balaghat District
        • Baihar
          • Malanjkand
Sikka et al. (1991) +1 other reference
    • Katni district
Tripathi et al. (2022)
Indian Ocean
 
  • Central Indian Ridge
Wang et al. (2018)
  • Southwest Indian Ridge
Wang et al. (2014)
Indonesia
 
  • Papua Province
    • Mimika Regency
      • Gunung Bijih District
        • Ertsberg Complex
Econ Geol (1997) +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Sondrio Province
      • Lanzada
        • Scerscen Valley
Bedognè et al. (1993)
      • Val Masino
- (n.d.)
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Villaputzu
Venerandi Pirri (2002)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • South Tyrol
      • Puster Valley District
        • Prettau (Predoi)
Exel (1987)
Japan
 
  • Aomori Prefecture
    • Kamikita District
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Shizuoka Prefecture
    • Shimoda City
      • Rendaiji
- (microprobe analysis of specimen field collected by Alfredo Petrov)
  • Yamaguchi Prefecture
    • Mine City
      • Naganobori Mine
Nagashima et al. (2021)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Pavlodar Region
    • Bayanaul District
Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference
  • Ulytau Region
Duczmal-Czernikiewicz et al. (2021)
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Weiß (2006)
Namibia (TL)
 
  • Erongo Region
    • Arandis Constituency
Frenzel (1958)
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Gebhard (1999)
New Zealand
 
  • Northland Region
    • Whangarei District
      • Parakao
Mason et al. (Zn)
Norway
 
  • Buskerud
    • Drammen
      • Konnerud
Krause (1965) +1 other reference
    • Nore og Uvdal
Prospektering AS (1981)
  • Nordland
    • Hamarøy
Neumann (1985)
  • Rogaland
    • Suldal
Frenzel (1960)
  • Svalbard
    • Spitsbergen
Cook et al. (2008)
  • Telemark
    • Kviteseid
Dons (1963)
  • Troms og Finnmark
    • Alta
Krause (1965) +1 other reference
    • Nordreisa
      • Vaddas-Rieppe ore field
- (1997)
  • Trøndelag
    • Grong
      • Godejorda
Bergstøl et al. (1974)
    • Oppdal
Witsø (1995)
Witsø (1995)
Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...
    • Trondheim
      • Bymarka
Størseth (2016)
  • Vestland
    • Stad
      • Selje
        • Årsheim
Pinet et al. (1985)
Pacific Ocean
 
  • East Pacific Rise
Econ Geol (1985)
Papua New Guinea
 
  • Eastern Highlands Province
Noku et al. (2002) +1 other reference
    • Kainantu
K92 Mining
Peru
 
  • Lima
    • Yauyos Province
Weigeli (1994) +1 other reference
Philippines
 
  • Luzon
    • Cordillera Administrative Region
      • Benguet Province
        • Mankayan
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Southern Tagalog Region
      • Batangas Province
Singer et al. (2008)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Kamienna Góra County
      • Gmina Marciszów
Mochnacka et al. (2012) +1 other reference
          • Colourful Lakelets
Mochnacka et al. (2015)
    • Karkonosze County
      • Szklarska Poręba
        • Zbójeckie Skały
Mochnacka et al. (2015)
Chmielewski et al. (2016)
    • Lubin County
Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ...
    • Polkowice County
      • Gmina Radwanice
        • Sieroszowice
Chmielewski et al. (2022)
  • Masovian Voivodeship
    • Warsaw
Manecki (Polish Geological Institute)
Romania
 
  • Caraş-Severin County
Constantinescu et al. (1982) +1 other reference
Russia
 
  • Aldan Shield
    • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
Konev et al. (1993) +2 other references
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Malyi Murun Massif (Malomurunskiy; Maly Murun alkaline pluton; Malyy Murun massif)
Kaneva et al. (2020)
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Bystrinsky District
      • Central Kamchatka mining district
Andreeva et al. (2013)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Srednekansky District
Savva et al. (2023)
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Pitkyarantsky District
      • Pitkyaranta mining district
Ivashchenko et al. (2011, September)
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Kalarsky District
      • Kodar–Udokan ore district
        • Udokan
Gongalsky et al. (2019)
Serbia
 
  • Central Serbia
    • Bor District
      • Majdanpek
RTB Bor
      • Vlaole-Jasikovo ore field
Aleksandar Pacevski (2007)
Slovakia
 
  • Bratislava Region
    • Malacky District
      • Sološnica
Ferenc Š. & Rojkovič I.
  • Košice Region
    • Spišská Nová Ves District
Ďuda et al. (1996)
Sweden
 
  • Gävleborg County
    • Ljusdal
Pieslinger (2023)
  • Norrbotten County
    • Kiruna
      • Svappavaara
Carnegie Museum of Natural History ...
  • Södermanland County
    • Nyköping
      • Tunaberg
Dobbe (1991)
Switzerland
 
  • Grisons
    • Albula Region
      • Surses
        • Marmorera lake
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Maloja Region
      • Bregaglia
        • Upper Val Bregaglia
          • Albigna Valley
- (1993)
  • Valais
    • Sierre
      • Anniviers
        • Ayer
Ansermet (2012)
        • Grimentz
Ansermet (2012)
        • Saint-Luc
Ansermet (2012)
Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference
        • Vissoie
Ansermet (2012)
Turkey
 
  • Balikesir Province
    • Ayvalık District
Oyman (2010)
  • Elazığ Province
    • Keban District
Kalender et al. (2004)
  • Kastamonu Province
    • Küre District
      • Küre copper deposits
GÜNER (1980)
  • Niğde Province
    • Ulukisla District
      • Madenköy
Çağatay et al. (1989)
  • Tunceli Province
    • Pertek District
Kilic et al. (2024)
UK
 
  • England
    • North Somerset
      • Clevedon
Ixer et al. (1993) +1 other reference
    • Warwickshire
      • Nuneaton and Bedworth
Ixer et al. (2005)
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Valdez-Cordova Census Area
      • Nizina Mining District
- (2008)
USGS OFR 99-342
- (2008)
- (2008)
- (2008)
  • Arizona
    • Greenlee County
      • Morenci
Merritt Stephen Enders (2000)
  • California
    • Plumas County
      • Last Chance Mining District
        • Adams Peak
Dunning et al. (2005)
    • Shasta County
      • Klamath Mountains
        • West Shasta Copper - Zinc Mining District
          • Backbone District
            • Mammoth Butte
              • Copper Crest group
- (2005)
  • Colorado
    • Gunnison County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Summit County
      • Monte Cristo Area
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Maryland
    • Carroll County
      • Sykesville
Mines of the Washington D.C Area
  • Montana
    • Lincoln County
      • Troy Mining District
The Spar Lake Strata-Bound Cu-Ag Deposit Formed Across a Mixing Zone Between Trapped Natural Gas and Metals-Bearing Brine Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference
  • New Mexico
    • Sierra County
      • Sierra Cuchillo (Cuchillo Negro Mts)
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • Utah
    • Piute County
      • Mount Baldy-Ohio Mining District
Econ Geol (1986)
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