United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions

Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee
Standing committee
Active; ; United States Senate; 119th Congress
History
Formed	January 28, 1869
Leadership
Chair	Bill Cassidy (R) ; Since January 3, 2025
Ranking member	Bernie Sanders (I) ; Since January 3, 2025
Structure
Seats	21
Political parties	Majority (11) Republican (11); Minority (10) Democratic (9); Independent (1);
Jurisdiction
Oversight authority	Department of Education, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Labor
House counterpart	House Committee on Education and Labor
Meeting place
	428 Senate Dirksen Office Building, Washington, D.C.
Website
	help.senate.gov
Rules
	Rule XXV.1.(m), Standing Rules of the Senate; Rules of Procedure U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary;

The United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (HELP) generally considers matters relating to these issues. Its jurisdiction also extends beyond these issues to include several more specific areas, as defined by Senate rules.

History

While it is currently known as the HELP Committee, the committee was originally founded on January 28, 1869, as the Committee on Education. Its name was changed to the Committee on Education and Labor on February 14, 1870, when petitions relating to labor were added to its jurisdiction from the Committee on Naval Affairs.

The committee’s jurisdiction at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries focused largely on issues relating to federal employees’ working conditions and federal education aid. Prominent action considered by the committee in the 1910s and 1920s included the creation of a national minimum wage, the establishments of a Department of Labor, a Department of Education, and a Children’s Bureau. During the 1930s, the committee took action on the National Labor Relations Act, the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936 and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.

In 1944, the jurisdiction of the Public Health Service was transferred from the Commerce Committee to the Committee on Education and Labor, adding issues relating to public health matters to its jurisdiction. The committee's name was changed during the 80th Congress to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare as part of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (Public Law 79-601). The act further expanded the committee's oversight to include the rehabilitation, health, and education of veterans. Mine safety was also added to the committee’s jurisdiction in 1949.

During the Administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson, the committee took the lead in shaping legislation as part of Johnson's War on Poverty, resulting in the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Through the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 (Public Law 91-510), certain issues pertaining to veterans were transferred to the newly created Committee on Veterans Affairs. In the 95th Congress, the Senate passed S. Res. 4, which renamed the committee to be the Committee on Human Resources. However, the name was again changed in the 96th Congress by S. Res. 30 to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. On March 18, 1992, the committee’s jurisdiction was updated to include all of the areas listed below. The committee was given its current name, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, on January 19, 1999, by S. Res. 20.^[1]

On July 25, 2024, the committee voted 16-4 to issue its first-ever subpoena, compelling the testimony of Steward Health Care's CEO Ralph de la Torre in relation to accusations of mismanagement of the health system.^[2]

Jurisdictional areas

Under the Rule 25^[3] of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the following subject matters fall under the jurisdiction of the Committee:^[4]

Measures relating to education, labor, health, and public welfare
Aging
Agricultural colleges
Arts and humanities
Biomedical research and development
Child labor
Convict labor and the entry of goods made by convicts into interstate commerce
Domestic activities of the American Red Cross
Equal employment opportunity
Gallaudet University, Howard University, and St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Individuals with disabilities
Labor standards and labor statistics
Mediation and arbitration of labor disputes
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, including the welfare of miners.
Mine Safety and Health Administration
Private pension plans
Public health
Railway labor and retirement
Regulation of foreign laborers
Student loans
Wages and hours of labor, including the federal minimum wage

Members, 119th Congress

Majority^[5]	Minority^[6]
Bill Cassidy, Louisiana, Chair Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Markwayne Mullin, Oklahoma Roger Marshall, Kansas Tim Scott, South Carolina Josh Hawley, Missouri Tommy Tuberville, Alabama Jim Banks, Indiana Jon Husted, Ohio (from January 24, 2025) Ashley Moody, Florida (from January 24, 2025)	Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Ranking Member Patty Murray, Washington Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Tim Kaine, Virginia Maggie Hassan, New Hampshire John Hickenlooper, Colorado Ed Markey, Massachusetts Andy Kim, New Jersey Lisa Blunt Rochester, Delaware Angela Alsobrooks, Maryland

Subcommittees

Subcommittee	Chair^[8]	Ranking Member^[8]
Education and the American Family	Tommy Tuberville (R-AL)	Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE)
Employment and Workplace Safety	Markwayne Mullin (R-OK)	John Hickenlooper (D-CO)
Primary Health and Retirement Security	Roger Marshall (R-KS)	Ed Markey (D-MA)

Historical members

110th Congress

Majority	Minority
Ted Kennedy, Massachusetts, Chair Chris Dodd, Connecticut, Vice Chair Tom Harkin, Iowa Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Jeff Bingaman, New Mexico Patty Murray, Washington Jack Reed, Rhode Island Hillary Clinton, New York Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Sherrod Brown, Ohio Barack Obama, Illinois, until November 16, 2008	Mike Enzi, Wyoming, Ranking Member Judd Gregg, New Hampshire Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Orrin Hatch, Utah Pat Roberts, Kansas Wayne Allard, Colorado Tom Coburn, Oklahoma

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Subcommittee on Children and Families	Chris Dodd (D-CT)	Lamar Alexander (R-TN)
Subcommittee on Employment and Workplace Safety	Patty Murray (D-WA)	Johnny Isakson (R-GA)
Subcommittee on Retirement and Aging	Barbara Mikulski (D-MD)	Richard Burr (R-NC)

111th Congress

The Committee was chaired by Democrat Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts until his death on August 25, 2009. Under seniority rules, Acting Chair Christopher Dodd was next in line, but Dodd chose instead to remain chair of the Senate Banking Committee.^[9] Tom Harkin, next in line by seniority, assumed the chair on September 9, 2009, vacating his post as chair of the Senate Agriculture Committee.^[10] Republican Mike Enzi of Wyoming continued to serve as Ranking Member.

Majority	Minority
Ted Kennedy, Massachusetts, Chair until June 9, 2009 Tom Harkin, Iowa, Chair from September 9, 2009 Chris Dodd, Connecticut, Acting Chair from June 9, 2009 – September 9, 2009 Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Jeff Bingaman, New Mexico Patty Murray, Washington Jack Reed, Rhode Island Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey, Pennsylvania Kay Hagan, North Carolina Jeff Merkley, Oregon Al Franken, Minnesota, from June 7, 2009 Michael Bennet, Colorado Carte Goodwin, West Virginia, July 2010 – November 2010 Joe Manchin, West Virginia, from November 2010	Mike Enzi, Wyoming, Ranking Member Judd Gregg, New Hampshire Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia John McCain, Arizona Orrin Hatch, Utah Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Tom Coburn, Oklahoma Pat Roberts, Kansas

Source: 2010 Congressional Record, Vol. 156, Page S6226 ,

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Subcommittee on Children and Families	Chris Dodd (D-CT)	Lamar Alexander (R-TN)
Subcommittee on Employment and Workplace Safety	Patty Murray (D-WA)	Johnny Isakson (R-GA)
Subcommittee on Retirement and Aging	Barbara Mikulski (D-MD)	Richard Burr (R-NC)

112th Congress

Majority	Minority
Tom Harkin, Iowa, Chair Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Jeff Bingaman, New Mexico Patty Murray, Washington Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Kay Hagan, North Carolina Jeff Merkley, Oregon Al Franken, Minnesota Michael Bennet, Colorado Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island Richard Blumenthal, Connecticut	Mike Enzi, Wyoming, Ranking Member Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia Rand Paul, Kentucky Orrin Hatch, Utah John McCain, Arizona Pat Roberts, Kansas Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Mark Kirk, Illinois

Source: 2011 Congressional Record, Vol. 157, Page S557

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Subcommittee on Children and Families	Barbara Mikulski (D-MD)	Richard Burr (R-NC)
Subcommittee on Employment and Workplace Safety	Patty Murray (D-WA)	Johnny Isakson (R-GA)
Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging	Bernie Sanders (I-VT)^[7]	Rand Paul (R-KY)

113th Congress

Majority	Minority
Tom Harkin, Iowa, Chair Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Patty Murray, Washington Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Kay Hagan, North Carolina Al Franken, Minnesota Michael Bennet, Colorado Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Elizabeth Warren, Massachusetts	Lamar Alexander, Tennessee, Ranking member Mike Enzi, Wyoming Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia Rand Paul, Kentucky Orrin Hatch, Utah Pat Roberts, Kansas Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Mark Kirk, Illinois Tim Scott, South Carolina

Source: 2013 Congressional Record, Vol. 159, Page S296 to 297

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Children and Families	Kay Hagan (D-NC)	Michael Enzi (R-WY)
Employment and Workplace Safety	Bob Casey (D-PA)	Johnny Isakson (R-GA)
Primary Health and Aging	Bernie Sanders (I-VT)^[7]	Richard Burr (R-NC)

114th Congress

Majority	Minority
Lamar Alexander, Tennessee, Chair Mike Enzi, Wyoming Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Mark Kirk, Illinois Tim Scott, South Carolina Orrin Hatch, Utah Pat Roberts, Kansas Bill Cassidy, Louisiana	Patty Murray, Washington, Ranking Member Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Al Franken, Minnesota Michael Bennet, Colorado Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Elizabeth Warren, Massachusetts

Source ^[11]

Source: 2015 Congressional Record, Vol. 161, Page S67 to 68

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Children and Families	Rand Paul (R-KY)	Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA)
Employment and Workplace Safety	Johnny Isakson (R-GA)	Al Franken (D-MN)
Primary Health and Retirement Security	Mike Enzi (R-WY)	Bernie Sanders (I-VT)^[7]

^[12]

115th Congress

Majority	Minority
Lamar Alexander, Tennessee, Chair Mike Enzi, Wyoming Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Bill Cassidy, Louisiana Todd Young, Indiana Orrin Hatch, Utah Pat Roberts, Kansas Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Tim Scott, South Carolina	Patty Murray, Washington, Ranking Member Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Michael Bennet, Colorado Al Franken, Minnesota (until January 2, 2018) Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Elizabeth Warren, Massachusetts Tim Kaine, Virginia Maggie Hassan, New Hampshire Tina Smith, Minnesota (from January 3, 2018) Doug Jones, Alabama (from January 3, 2018)

116th Congress

Majority	Minority
Lamar Alexander, Tennessee, Chair Mike Enzi, Wyoming Richard Burr, North Carolina Johnny Isakson, Georgia (until December 31, 2019) Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Bill Cassidy, Louisiana Pat Roberts, Kansas Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Tim Scott, South Carolina Mitt Romney, Utah Mike Braun, Indiana Kelly Loeffler, Georgia (from January 6, 2020)	Patty Murray, Washington, Ranking Member Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Elizabeth Warren, Massachusetts Tim Kaine, Virginia Maggie Hassan, New Hampshire Tina Smith, Minnesota Doug Jones, Alabama Jacky Rosen, Nevada

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Children and Families	Rand Paul (R-KY)	Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA)
Employment and Workplace Safety	Tim Scott (R-SC)	Tammy Baldwin (D-WI)
Primary Health and Retirement Security	Mike Enzi (R-WY)	Bernie Sanders (I-VT)^[7]

117th Congress

Majority	Minority
Patty Murray, Washington, Chair Bernie Sanders, Vermont^[7] Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Tim Kaine, Virginia Maggie Hassan, New Hampshire Tina Smith, Minnesota Jacky Rosen, Nevada Ben Ray Luján, New Mexico John Hickenlooper, Colorado	Richard Burr, North Carolina, Ranking Member Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Bill Cassidy, Louisiana Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Tim Scott, South Carolina Mitt Romney, Utah Mike Braun, Indiana Roger Marshall, Kansas Tommy Tuberville, Alabama Jerry Moran, Kansas

Subcommittee	Chair	Ranking Member
Children and Families	Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA)	Bill Cassidy (R-LA)
Employment and Workplace Safety	John Hickenlooper (D-CO)	Mike Braun (R-IN)
Primary Health and Retirement Security	Bernie Sanders (I-VT)	Susan Collins (R-ME)

118th Congress

Majority^[13]	Minority^[14]
Bernie Sanders, Vermont Chair^[7] Patty Murray, Washington Bob Casey Jr., Pennsylvania Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Tim Kaine, Virginia Maggie Hassan, New Hampshire Tina Smith, Minnesota Ben Ray Luján, New Mexico John Hickenlooper, Colorado Ed Markey, Massachusetts	Bill Cassidy, Louisiana, Ranking Member Rand Paul, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Mike Braun, Indiana Roger Marshall, Kansas Mitt Romney, Utah Tommy Tuberville, Alabama Markwayne Mullin, Oklahoma Ted Budd, North Carolina

Subcommittees

Subcommittee Name	Chair^[15]	Ranking Member^[15]
Children and Families	Bob Casey Jr. (D-PA)	Tommy Tuberville (R-AL)
Employment and Workplace Safety	John Hickenlooper (D-CO)	Mike Braun (R-IN)
Primary Health and Retirement Security	Ed Markey (D-MA)	Roger Marshall (R-KS)

Defunct subcommittees

The committee has had other subcommittees in the past, such as:

the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor during the 1950s through 1970s.
the Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research during the 1970s.
the Subcommittee Investigating Violations of Free Speech and the Rights of Labor, informally known as the "La Follette Civil Liberties Committee"

Chairs

Education 1869–1870

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Charles Drake	Republican	MO	1869	1870

Education and Labor, 1870–1947

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Frederick Sawyer	Republican	SC	1870	1873
James Flanagan	Republican	TX	1873	1875
Orris Ferry	Republican	CT	1875
John Patterson	Republican	SC	1875	1877
Ambrose Burnside	Republican	RI	1877	1879
James Bailey	Democratic	TN	1879	1881
Henry Blair	Republican	NH	1881	1891
Joseph Carey	Republican	WY	1891	1893
James Kyle	People's	SD	1893	1895
George Shoup	Republican	ID	1895	1897
James Kyle	People's	SD	1897	1901
Louis McComas	Republican	MD	1901	1905
Boies Penrose	Republican	PA	1905
Jonathan Dolliver	Republican	IA	1905	1909
William Borah	Republican	ID	1909	1913
Hoke Smith	Democratic	GA	1913	1919
William Kenyon	Democratic	IA	1919	1922
William Borah	Republican	ID	1922	1924
Lawrence Phipps	Republican	CO	1924	1926
James Couzens	Republican	MI	1926	1929
Jesse Metcalf	Republican	RI	1929	1933
David Walsh	Democratic	MA	1933	1937
Hugo Black	Democratic	AL	1937
Elbert Thomas	Democratic	UT	1937	1945
James Murray	Democratic	MT	1945	1947

Labor and Public Welfare, 1947–1977

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Robert Taft	Republican	OH	1947	1949
Elbert Thomas	Democratic	UT	1949	1951
James Murray	Democratic	MT	1951	1953
Alexander Smith	Republican	NJ	1953	1955
Lister Hill	Democratic	AL	1955	1969
Ralph Yarborough	Democratic	TX	1969	1971
Pete Williams	Democratic	NJ	1971	1977

Human Resources, 1977–1979

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Pete Williams	Democratic	NJ	1977	1979

Labor and Human Resources, 1979–1999

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Pete Williams	Democratic	NJ	1977	1979
Orrin Hatch	Republican	UT	1981	1987
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	1987	1995
Nancy Kassebaum	Republican	KS	1995	1997
Jim Jeffords	Republican	VT	1997	1999

Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, 1999–present

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Jim Jeffords	Republican	VT	1999	2001
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	2001
Jim Jeffords	Republican	VT	2001
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	2001	2003
Judd Gregg	Republican	NH	2003	2005
Mike Enzi	Republican	WY	2005	2007
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	2007	2009
Chris Dodd Acting	Democratic	CT	2009
Tom Harkin	Democratic	IA	2009	2015
Lamar Alexander	Republican	TN	2015	2021
Patty Murray	Democratic	WA	2021	2023
Bernie Sanders	Independent^[7]	VT	2023	2025
Bill Cassidy	Republican	LA	2025	present

Ranking Members

Name	Party	State	Start	End
Elbert Thomas	Democratic	UT	???	1949
Robert Taft	Republican	OH	1949	1953
James Murray	Democratic	MT	1953	1955
Alexander Smith	Republican	NJ	1955	1959
Barry Goldwater	Republican	UT	1959	1965
Jacob Javits	Republican	NY	1965	1979
Richard Schweiker	Republican	PA	1979	1981
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	1981	1987
Orrin Hatch	Republican	UT	1987	1993
Nancy Kassebaum	Republican	KS	1993	1995
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	1995	2001
Judd Gregg	Republican	NH	2001	2003
Ted Kennedy	Democratic	MA	2003	2007
Mike Enzi	Republican	WY	2007	2013
Lamar Alexander	Republican	TN	2013	2015
Patty Murray	Democratic	WA	2015	2021
Richard Burr	Republican	NC	2021	2023
Bill Cassidy	Republican	LA	2023	2025
Bernie Sanders	Independent^[7]	VT	2025	present

References

^ "U.S. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions. 1/19/1999- Organization Authority Record". National Archives.
^ Weixel, Nathaniel (July 25, 2024). "Senate panel votes to subpoena Steward Health CEO". The Hill. Retrieved July 25, 2024.
^ "Rule XXV - Standing Committees" (PDF). govinfo.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
^ "About". help.senate.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
^ S.Res. 16, S.Res. 38 (119th Congress)
^ S.Res. 17 (119th Congress)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Bernie Sanders is an Independent, but caucuses with Democrats on the committee.
^ ^a ^b "Chair Cassidy, Ranking Member Sanders Announce Subcommittee Assignments for the 119th Congress". U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor & Pensions. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
^ Paul Kane, Ben Pershing. "Dodd Decides Against Taking Over Senate Health Committee". Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012.
^ "Life after Ted Kennedy: all eyes on Chris Dodd - politico.com". Politico. September 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2010.
^ "U.S. Senate: Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions". senate.gov. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
^ "RULES OF PROCEDURE" (PDF). govinfo.gov. 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
^ S.Res. 30 (118th Congress)
^ S.Res. 31 (118th Congress)
^ ^a ^b "Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee - Subcommittees, 118th Congress". Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. Retrieved March 17, 2023.

External links

Official Committee Page (Archive)
Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. Legislation activity and reports, Congress.gov.

[1] "U.S. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions. 1/19/1999- Organization Authority Record". National Archives.

[2] Weixel, Nathaniel (July 25, 2024). "Senate panel votes to subpoena Steward Health CEO". The Hill. Retrieved July 25, 2024.

[3] "Rule XXV - Standing Committees" (PDF). govinfo.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[4] "About". help.senate.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[5] S.Res. 16, S.Res. 38 (119th Congress)

[6] S.Res. 17 (119th Congress)

[Sanders-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Bernie Sanders is an Independent, but caucuses with Democrats on the committee.

[subcommittee119-8] "Chair Cassidy, Ranking Member Sanders Announce Subcommittee Assignments for the 119th Congress". U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor & Pensions. Retrieved February 12, 2025.

[9] Paul Kane, Ben Pershing. "Dodd Decides Against Taking Over Senate Health Committee". Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012.

[10] "Life after Ted Kennedy: all eyes on Chris Dodd - politico.com". Politico. September 2009. Retrieved February 19, 2010.

[11] "U.S. Senate: Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions". senate.gov. Retrieved January 8, 2017.

[12] "RULES OF PROCEDURE" (PDF). govinfo.gov. 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2019.

[13] S.Res. 30 (118th Congress)

[14] S.Res. 31 (118th Congress)

[Subcommittee_membership-15] "Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee - Subcommittees, 118th Congress". Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. Retrieved March 17, 2023.

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