Rumpelstiltskin, about to tear himself in two, and/or stomp himself straight into Hell.
"Rumpelstiltskin" (Rumpelstilzchen) is a German fairy tale collected by The Brothers Grimm, although the story exists in other countries under different names.
A miller boasts to the king of his daughter's (exaggerated) domestic skills; in an effort to appear important, the miller tells him that she can even spin straw into gold. The king takes a bit more interest than intended, and the daughter soon finds herself in a room full of straw with nothing but a spinning wheel and a death threat from the king, to make good on her father's empty boast.
The task is impossible; she despairs; and a little man suddenly appears and offers to spin the straw to gold for her, in exchange for her necklace. The next night, under the same conditions, he again appears and does the work in exchange for her ring. The third night, the king tells her he will marry her if she completes the work, but she has nothing left to give the little man. At his suggestion, she promises him her first-born child, and he does the work on spec, as it were.
She and the king get married and have a child, and sure enough, the little man shows up and tries to take it away. However, seeing her grief, he relents and gives her a loophole: If she can guess his name in the next three days, she can keep the child.
So, for the next couple of days, the young queen lists every name she can think of, and sends out messengers to collect new ones, but the little man always denies that any of them is his name. By the third day, things are looking grim, until her messenger tells her that he overheard a little man singing a peculiar song:
- "Tomorrow I brew, today I bake,And then the child away I'll take;For little deems my royal dameThat Rumpelstiltskin is my name!"
And so, at the last minute, the queen guesses the man is called Rumpelstiltskin; in some versions, he is so enraged that he stamps his foot right into the floor and tears himself in two while in others he flees into the night never to return.
Rumpelstiltskin's reaction to his name varies depending on the version of the story; in the tale the Grimms first collected, he flew out of the window on a spoon. In the Grimms' early editions, he simply left in a huff. Later, they gave him the interesting but anatomically improbable death above (complete with illustration!). In yet another version, his stomp creates a hole in the floor through which he falls to Hell. (See Deal with the Devil below.)
Compare to The Three Aunts and Whuppity Stoorie.
A common joke in parodies is to have the story told through the eyes of a Private Detective who is hired by the Queen to investigate the name question.
A list of adaptations of the story can be found here.
"Rumpelstiltskin" contains examples of the following tropes:
- Adaptational Heroism: Some versions of the story have the greedy king fall in love with the miller's daughter during her stay at his castle, with him treating her more and more gently before asking her to marry him. The king's demand that she stays three days becomes less about getting gold and more about keeping her around, with him unaware that she has to make deals with Rumpelstiltskin every night. Usually in these stories, the miller's daughter tells the king about Rumpelstiltskin and he isn't upset with her having lied to him about being able to spin straw into gold and does everything he can to help save their child.
- Adaptational Jerkass: The Grim Tales rendition by Rik Mayall (which chooses to go with the ending where Rumpel tears himself in two) makes Rumpelstiltskin himself more of a snappy bastard than he is in the original narrative. When the girl weeps profusely over her situation, Rumpelstiltskin rudely tells her to be silent and states candidly that he accepts the necklace as payment.
- Adaptational Villainy: In the video game adaptation Living Legends: Bound by Wishes, Mayor Tom (Rumpelstiltskin)'s contract (which in this version, is not optional) with the miller's daughter is clearly written in advantage for him: either she gives him her son or her own life in exchange for (his) magic spindle that she wished for (which he wants it back).
- Baby as Payment: The third time a miller’s daughter asks Rumpelstiltskin for help turning straw into gold, she has to promise him her first born daughter, which she forgets about as she has no children. The miller’s daughter then marries the king, has a baby, and Rumpelstiltskin reappears to collect.
- Bowdlerize: The ending is often changed in child friendly adaptations. In the Brothers Grimm version of the tale, the dwarf gets his foot stuck in the ground, then rips himself in two while trying to pull himself out. Modern adaptations have him simply run away in anger. Another adaptation has him actually have a change of heart seeing how happy the Queen is that she can keep her child. Then the Queen tells him he's allowed to come and visit herself and the child whenever he wants in the palace. In a bit of a zig-zag, the version of the tale prior to Grimm usually only had the dwarf throw himself out a window. Still presumably lethal, but no-where near as extreme as ripping oneself in two.
- Death by Adaptation: Earlier versions of the tale end with Rumpelstiltskin simply leaving after the queen guesses his name correctly, but in later versions he tears himself in half in frustration.
- Deal with the Devil:
- It is implied that Rumpelstiltskin is, if not actually demonic, at least of the wicked kind of The Fair Folk and up to no good.
- In one British version of the tale, Duffy and the Devil, he is the devil. His name is given as "Tillytop;" he laughs in Duffy's face when she guesses "Lucifer" and comments that Beelzebub is a distant cousin.
- Decomposite Character:
- When the story is told to children, the miller's daughter might marry the greedy king's (presumably nicer) son instead of the king himself; ABC's Once Upon a Time (2011) even uses this for their retelling. Ironically, this is also the case with variants of The Three Aunts.
- In one adaptation, it's the king's wife, the queen, who threatens to have the miller's daughter executed and the one insisting that she try to spin gold three times.
- Depraved Dwarf: The title character. Though the fact that he pitied the miller's daughter enough to give her an escape clause (even if he clearly and callously did not expect her to fulfill it) at least indicates that he had redeeming qualities.
- Dub Name Change: Rumpelstiltskin's name is changed in many languages. However, interestingly enough, something close to his original German name (Rumpelstilzchen) is kept in the English translations, despite being quite difficult to spell and pronounce (or perhaps because of it, since it's supposed to be a weird, hard-to-guess name). In related tales from folklore (Aarne-Thompson Type 500, "The Name of the Helper"
, if you're curious), the title character has a very wide variety of different names. - Everyone Calls Him "Barkeep": The only character who ever gets a name is the title character. The other characters are known by their occupations in the original story - the miller, the King, and the miller's daughter, who is eventually bumped up to Queen.
- Exact Eavesdropping: Good thing that Rumpelstiltskin just happened to be singing about what his name was when the messenger overheard him.
- The Fair Folk: The title character.
- Gold Fever: The king gets a case of this when he hears that the miller's daughter can spin straw into gold.
- Half the Man He Used to Be: Some versions of the story end with Rumpelstiltskin tearing himself in half by stomping too hard on the ground in a fit of frustration, either from the shockwave or by getting his foot stuck on the ground and pulling to get it free.
- I Know Your True Name: Once his name is revealed, Rumpelstiltskin is no longer a threat.
- Impossible Task: The miller's daughter has to spin straw into gold. If not for Rumpelstiltskin showing up when he did, she'd have been executed immediately.
- Karma Houdini: The miller is never punished for his stupid boast. Nor is the king, who's a greedy, cruel, and petty tyrant. A few subversions do exist in retellings, however.
- Subverted in one adaptation when all the gold in the castle turns back to straw, presented as a humbling moment for the king.
- The Once Upon a Time (2011) episode "The Miller's Daughter" plays with this trope in the flashback portion (which is essentially an adaptation of the fairy tale): The miller is blameless, as this version has the miller's daughter herself brag about her spinning skills. As for the king, he gets away with everything in the short-term, but the subsequent years see his kingdom lost and the son he hoped would succeed him reduced to little more than a beleaguered husband.
- Also played with in the Dark Parables version of the story. The King is turned into a gold statue for guessing an incorrect name, and the Queen must use her own wits to learn Rumpelstiltskin's name and reclaim her daughter; her only assistance comes from Tom Thumb. But even though she succeeds, his time under the enchantment leaves the King with a permanent personality shift, and she ultimately ends up running away with their baby due to his obsession with wealth. The entire incident ultimately spells doom for their Floating Continent country.
- Also subverted in Living Legends Bound By Wishes: The miller Hans is a loving father and didn't take part in the ordeal, and it was the king who wanted to marry the miller's daughter Augustine in the first place due to his luxurious lifestyle turned on him and Augustine can indeed spin straw into gold.
- Karmic Death: Rumpelstiltskin's rage brings about his own death.
- Leonine Contract: Rumpelstiltskin spins straw into gold for the miller's daughter. He gets a necklace, a ring, and her firstborn child; she gets to keep her head on her shoulders.
- Literally Apoplectic: In some versions, when Rumpelstiltskin is defeated, he flies into a rage so violent that he bursts.
- Literally Shattered Lives: In some versions, Rumpelstiltskin throws a fit so furious that instead of stomping his way to hell or splitting himself in half, he breaks himself down like a shattering stone or glass.
- Mama Bear: In some retellings, the miller's daughter is more openly hostile to Rumpelstiltskin's attempts to take her child.
- Mysterious Protector: A sinister variant.
- Oh, Crap!:
- The miller's daughter has this reaction when she sees Rumpelstiltskin in the same place as her and her baby and suddenly remembers her promise.
- Likewise in some adaptations, Rumpelstiltskin has this reaction when the miller's daughter correctly guesses his name.
- One-Word Title: This tale is called with only one word; "Rumpelstiltskin".
- Our Dwarves Are All the Same: On the contrary, Rumpelstiltskin is about as different from typical fantasy dwarves as humanly possible. It heralds back to an earlier stage of Germanic mythology, where much like "elf" "dwarf" is used as a generic fairy spirit.
- Rags to Royalty: The miller's daughter becomes queen after three of Rumpelstiltskin's visits.
- Rhymes on a Dime: In some versions, Rumpelstiltskin tends to speak in rhyme
- Royals Who Actually Do Something: Some adaptations have it be the king himself who overhears the name while out hunting, and then rushes home to tell his wife. Other times, he hides himself behind a curtain, ready to try and kill Rumpelstiltskin if the name turns out to be incorrect. But see What Happened to the Mouse? below for the king's usual behavior.
- Rule of Three: Rumpelstiltskin helps the girl three times; she has three nights to guess his name. In some versions, she can guess three names per day, too.
- Self-Defenestration: The title character gives the protagonist three days to guess his name, or else he will take her firstborn son. In some early versions of the tale, when the protagonist guesses correctly, Rumpel is so furious that he jumps out the palace window.
- Sore Loser: Rumpelstiltskin does not react well to losing the wager. At his best, he leaves while screaming about how the queen cheated. At his worst, his fury is fatal to him.
- Spoiler Title: The audience can easily figure out Rumpelstiltskin's name before it's revealed in the story, based on the title.
- Textile Work Is Feminine: Spinning is seen as proper work for a young woman, and it's cause for a lot of stress when the miller's daughter is basically asked to spin literal magic.
- Useless Bystander Parent: The miller is a useless father and eventually disappears from the tale altogether after his boasting gets his daughter in trouble.
- Villain Song: Rumpelstiltskin sings about how the girl would never guess his name while not knowing he was being eavesdropped.
- Villainous Breakdown: Upon hearing the girl correctly guess his name, Rumpelstiltskin flew into a humongous rage stomping his feet while screaming and yelling "THE DEVIL TOLD YOU THAT! THE DEVIL TOLD YOU THAT!" and depending on which version, he either died by splitting in two, fall down a hole or just simply left the castle still screaming and yelling never to be seen again.
- What Happened to the Mouse?: Once they serve their purposes (the miller for kicking off the plot with his lie and the King for impregnating the miller's daughter), the miller and the King are never mentioned again.
- Withholding Their Name: Part of this story's plot is the queen trying to find the name of the eponymous dwarf as the escape clause out of the Deal with the Devil she had made with him in order to keep her child. He gives three chances to correctly guess his name, and it takes all three nights for her to find out what it was. When she says his name, he throws such a tantrum it actually kills him.