Este artículo tiene como propósito presentar los resultados de la investigación realizada a partir de la sistematización de la experiencia significativa de Ambulua. Su objetivo es reconocer en la espiritualidad de la mujer afrodescendiente aportes significativos que contribuyen a la sanación como construcción de paz en el territorio. La sistematización de la experiencia se realizó a partir de talleres participativos y análisis documental; esta permitió la reconstrucción de «un camino andado» e identificar aprendizajes significativos en la búsqueda de la esencia (...) espiritual ligada a la Tierra Madre, que ayuda aflorar la esencia, fuerza y espiritualidad liberadora en comunidades afrodescendientes, donde las mujeres tienen un papel importante en la transmisión de valores culturales. Posibilita abrir caminos para la construcción del tejido de paz, donde no hay supremacía existe el otro, la otra que es diferente y piensa diferente pero que es posible caminar juntos en la vida. Experiencias y aprendizajes que dialogan con la música, el canto, la danza, manos que con el uso de las plantas ritualizan en la cotidianidad, generando paz y bienestar. (shrink)

Aurélien Djian | : L’ambition de cet article est double. Il s’agit d’abord de fixer le contexte philosophique qui sous-tend le débat entre Derrida et Marion en 1999, à l’Université de Villanova, et de réviser la perspective qui y est formulée selon laquelle le destin de la phénoménologie est intimement lié à une décision à prendre à l’égard du concept d’horizon : « il n’y a pas de phénoménologie sans horizon », affirme Derrida à Marion, il faut donc la dépasser (...) ; « la dernière étape en vue d’une véritable phénoménologie serait d’abandonner le concept d’horizon », rétorque Marion à Derrida. Cette révision de perspective nous conduira alors, dans un second temps, à restituer, en se servant de l’histoire du concept d’horizon comme fil directeur heuristique, le sens de ce que nous appellerons l’histoire française de l’herméneutique phénoménologique, dont l’unité, par-delà la multiplicité des étiquettes, réside dans le partage d’une même définition de l’activité philosophique, comme tentative de laisser se montrer soi-même à partir de soi-même le phénomène par excellence, et, avec et contre le second Heidegger, d’une même exigence de dépassement de l’horizon, solidaire de la métaphysique moderne de la subjectivité. Le principe d’une telle reconstruction permettra enfin d’envisager la possibilité d’une histoire différenciée des concepts alternatifs de phénoménologie et d’horizon, qui reste à écrire. | : The task of this article is twofold. First, it is meant to sketch out the philosophical context within which the Derrida/Marion debate that happened in 1999 at the university of Villanova took place, and to overhaul the perspective that it puts forward, that the destiny of phenomenology itself is linked at the abandon of the concept of horizon : “Without horizon there is no phenomenology”, argues Derrida against Marion ; “the last step for a real phenomenology would be to give up the concept of horizon”, answers Marion to Derrida. This overhaul will then leads us to use the history of the concept of horizon as a heuristical guiding thread to flesh out what makes the unity of what we can call the French history of hermeneutical phenomenology, that is to say, firstly, the sharing of the same definition of philosophy, as the attempt to let the distinctive phenomenon be seen as it shows itself by itself. And, secondly, with and against the second Heidegger, of the same requirement of overcoming the horizon, as it is committed to the modern metaphysics of subjectivity. The principle on which such a reconstruction is based will finally allow us to consider the idea of a differentiated history of the alternative concepts of phenomenology and horizon. History which is yet to come. (shrink)

John Rawls’s political liberalism demands that reasonable citizens comply with the duty of civility, which limits the justification of state action to public reasons. However, many religious citizens in liberal democratic societies reject the exclusion of religious reasons from public debate. What can be done to encourage these citizens to endorse public reason? Rawls proposes the idea of reasoning from conjecture (RC), i.e. directly engaging with someone’s comprehensive doctrine and showing them that such a doctrine actually supports public reason. In (...) this article, we argue that reasoning from conjecture faces serious objections and that interfaith dialogue (ID) provides a better and more effective tool to encourage religious citizens to endorse public reason. More specifically, ID provides support to public reason by (i) relying on the principles of equality, sincerity and self-criticism, which are also central to public reason; (ii) leading participants to de-parochialize religion; and (iii) promoting tolerance. Moreover, ID avoids the main objections faced by RC, which undermine the latter’s morality and effectiveness. (shrink)

Although the concept of corporate social responsibility is fundamentally multidimensional, most studies use composite scores to assess corporate social performance. How relevant are such composite scores? How the CSR dimensions are weighted? Should the weighting scheme be the same across sectors? This article proposes an original weighting scheme of CSR strengths and concerns, at the sector level, which is proportional to media and nongovernmental organizations scrutiny. The authors show that previous CSP assessments underweight environmental and corporate governance concerns. Moreover, findings (...) suggest that firms that are exposed to the closest scrutiny are usually criticized on one single dimension: for instance, banks for bad corporate governance, and basic-resource firms for environmental damage. Composite scores based on equal weights hence misrepresent CSP and the difference in CSR between sectors. (shrink)

What is known as ‘medieval atomism’ is most often a form of mathematical theory inspired by Platonic and Neo-Pythagorean ideas, in which atoms are considered as geometric points. Although these atomists asserted that the continuum is composed of indivisible entities, they did not renounce the continuity of the material world, unlike Democritus, Epicurus or Lucretius, who accepted the existence of the vacuum and, consequently, described the world as discrete. On the contrary, apart from Nicholas of Autrecourt in the fourteenth century, (...) the atomists of the Middle Ages conceived the world as continuous and they did not accept the existence of void spaces between the bodies or an infinite extra-cosmic space. Moreover, they did not question the main principles of Aristotelian physics, but only modified them at the margins. The aim of this paper is to show that, in addition to these famous atomists, some very interesting discussions on the nature of atoms can be found in more unexpected texts, particularly in the thirteenth century. This is particularly the case of four anonymous commentaries on Aristotle’s De anima, whose authors took very seriously Democritus’ atomism. Some of them even seem to accept some form of corpuscularism. In order to understand these texts, we will look closer at the relationship between atoms, minima and points in the context of thirteenth-century philosophical debates. (shrink)

People differ widely in their eating habits. This often reflects fundamental disagreements among their conceptions of the good as these relate to health, culinary traditions, animals’ interests, and so on. How laws regulating food production, distribution, and consumption can be legitimate despite such pluralism is an important question, and we welcome Josh Milburn’s and Anne Barnhill and Matteo Bonotti’s attempts to show how public reason liberalism can help address it. However, we believe that they expect too much from public reason. (...) First, we raise questions about Milburn’s conception of reasonableness. We show that the ability of public reason theories to support a ‘zoopolis’ will vary according to their conceptualization of the relevant justificatory constituency, or ‘reasonable’ citizens. Secondly, we criticize Barnhill and Bonotti’s contention that to be suitably public, reasons must not only appeal to shared political values but also be grounded in a reasonable balance among those values. We show that this idea of a reasonable balance suffers from indeterminacy and therefore cannot help in determining whether a reason is public or not. Finally, we question the expansive interpretation of the scope of public reason employed in both books. We suggest that this interpretation is insufficiently inclusive for public deliberation in contemporary pluralist democracies. (shrink)

This paper explores the conditions favouring or inhibiting the implementation of strategic corporate social responsibility policies in the context of global value chains. Using transaction cost theory, we specify the economic and behavioural issues raised by strategic CSR policies. We show that the existence of market rewards for such policies does not constitute a solution per se, but tends to increase the difficulties that value chain members face. Bringing TCT into the analysis of the diffusion of strategic CSR policies in (...) GVCs helps us to make different contributions. We first theoretically identify some limiting conditions of strategic CSR policies in GVCs. We also contribute to developing a more robust theoretical perspective for CSR in GVC research, which remains underdeveloped and mostly driven by empirical case studies. Finally, we shed light on new research questions and topics that could guide major theoretical and empirical investigations in the capacity of GVCs members to bypass the numerous difficulties involved in the implementation of strategic CSR policies. (shrink)

Two important objections have been raised against exclusivist public reason. First, it has been argued that EPR entails an unjust burden for citizens who want to appeal to non-public reasons, especially religious reasons. Second, it has been argued that EPR is based on a problematic conception of religious reasons and that it ignores the fact that religious reasons can be public as well. I defend EPR against both objections. I show that the first objection conflates two ideas of public justification (...) and that the second objection conflates two ways to understand and identify religious reasons. Ultimately, it turns out that those who defend such objections actually share the concerns that justified EPR in the first place. In other words, if we are clear about the idea of public justification and the kind of religious reasons that EPR is really about, it appears that justificatory liberals are in fact all exclusivists. (shrink)

“Philology Is a Part of the Natural Sciences.” Elements for a Nietzschean Philology of Linguistic Instinct Based on the Basel Writings. What did Nietzsche mean when he chose to assign to philology, in his inaugural lecture at the University of Basel, the study of the instinct of language? This article hypothesizes that this is not merely a polemical statement but a real project for philology itself. Such a project implies defining the language instinct as an unconscious power to transform others, (...) a power active not only in each individual (I) but also on the more general scale of cultural history (II). This article seeks to understand how the philological reading of ancient manuscripts enables a reconstruction of the social practices of language by means of which this unconscious power could develop in history (III). Yet conscious, the actions of the public and the “artists of language” are regarded as actually taking part in the formation of an unconscious sensitivity to language art, from which the instinct of language unfolds its power. (shrink)

Though the rise of social media has provided countless advantages and possibilities, both within and without the domain of sports, recent years have also seen some more detrimental aspects of these technologies come to light. In particular, the widespread social media culture surrounding fitness – ‘fitspiration’ – warrants attention for the way it encourages self-sexualization and -objectification, thereby epitomizing a wider issue with photo-based social media in general. Though the negative impact of fitspiration has been well documented, what is less (...) understood are the ways it potentially impacts and molds moral psychology, and how these same aspects may come to influence digital sports subcultures more broadly. In this theoretical paper, I rely on the insights of Friedrich Nietzsche to analyze the moral significance of a culture like fitspiration becoming normalized and influential in structuring and informing self-understanding, notions of value, and how to flourish in life. Using two doctrines central to Nietzsche’s philosophy—The Last Man and his conception of the ’higher self’ – I argue that fitspiration involves a form of hedonism that is potentially harmful to the pursuit and achievement of human flourishing. Through fitspiration, desire is elevated to a central moral principle, underlying the way users both consume and produce its content, catering simultaneously to their desires for external validation and instant gratification. It thereby creates conditions which foster a culture in adherence to the ethos of The Last Man. In doing so, I argue it impedes the cultivation of the virtues and higher values which define the higher individual, regarded by Nietzsche as essential for human flourishing. However, drawing on the ethical framework of the higher individual provides the philosophical and psychological resources with which resisting and overcoming the more harmful temptations of these trends may be possible. (shrink)

In 1927 Louis de Broglie proposed an alternative approach to standard quantum mechanics known as the double solution program (DSP) where particles are represented as bunched fields or solitons guided by a base (weaker) wave. DSP evolved as the famous de Broglie-Bohm pilot wave interpretation (PWI) also known as Bohmian mechanics but the general idea to use solitons guided by a base wave to reproduce the dynamics of the PWI was abandoned. Here we propose a nonlinear scalar field theory able (...) to reproduce the PWI for the Schrödinger and Klein–Gordon guiding waves. Our model relies on a relativistic ‘phase harmony’ condition locking the phases of the solitonic particle and the guiding wave. We also discuss an extension of the theory for the N particles cases in presence of entanglement and external (classical) electromagnectic fields. (shrink)

Female empowerment has long been a prominent social concern in Western culture. With the rise of social media, the quest for female empowerment has become embodied in self-presentational practices, occurring conspicuously throughout the Instagram fitness subculture: ‘fitspiration’. Here, female empowerment is merged with the body-centrality inherent to fitness, and the self-sexualization that has become characteristic of both photo-based social media in general, and fitspiration in particular. Meanwhile, an extensive body of research highlights numerous detrimental effects of self-sexualization on women. Evidently, (...) something seems awry with the implied proposition ‘sexualization as empowerment’. Drawing on Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy of power and its relationship to human flourishing, this article aims to critically examine the conception of female empowerment expressed in fitspiration and to conceptualize a philosophically compelling reformulation of universal human empowerment. I argue that what is commonly conceived of as female empowerment in trends like fitspiration—delineated in its explicit relationship to sexualization—may be seriously flawed. Rejecting this understanding in favor of a Nietzschean universal alternative may prove beneficial to individuals both within and without the contemporary fitness culture. (shrink)

In this work we develop a time-symmetric soliton theory for quantum particles inspired from works by de Broglie and Bohm. We consider explicitly a non-linear Klein–Gordon theory leading to monopolar oscillating solitons. We show that the theory is able to reproduce the main results of the pilot-wave interpretation for non interacting particles in a external electromagnetic field. In this regime, using the time symmetry of the theory, we are also able to explain quantum entanglement between several solitons and we reproduce (...) the famous pilot-wave nonlocality associated with the de Broglie-Bohm theory. (shrink)

Environmental anthropology, from which I situate this work, is connected to ecophenomenology in its aim to move beyond anthropocen­trism by questioning the grounding of human–nature relations in a naturalist ontology. Phenomenology, understood as a praxis of critical reflection, appears to contribute to the evolution of human ontologies: it offers the possibility of profoundly transforming modes of being human by enabling a decentring of consciousness. This work focuses on a psycho-corporeal practice as phenome­nology in action, used to challenge ontological constructs concerning (...) nature in agricultural contexts. Could such a practice constitute a phenomenological activation capable of transforming the relationship between professionals and the world? If so, it may lead us to question the connections between ways of inhabiting the world and ways of practising agriculture. (shrink)

While psychologists and political scientists have long investigated issues of interest to philosophers, the development of political experimental philosophy has remained limited. This slow progress is surprising, given that political philosophers commonly acknowledge the relevance of empirical data for normative theorizing. In this chapter, we illustrate the importance of empirical data by outlining recent developments in three domains related to theories of justice, where empirical results reinforce or endanger popular philosophical theories. Our first showcase concerns the boundaries of the concept (...) of fairness. While both libertarian thinkers and social egalitarians have united in rejecting the concept of natural injustice, we show that people do consider that unpreventable natural inequalities can be described as unfair. Second, we take the example of impartiality devices, such as the veil of ignorance or the idea of an impartial spectator, to show that such devices are efficient at shifting people’s intuitions in a more impartial manner. Third, we review empirical data on fairness intuitions to show that people conform to a pluralist theory of justice, valuing desert, needs-satisfaction, and equality at the same time. However, distribution according to desert enjoys a privileged position: people mostly care for the satisfaction of basic needs of deserving recipients, and people are willing to tolerate large inequalities in meritocratic contexts. The centrality of desert leads to dilemmas for mainstream egalitarian theorists, as theories that do not recognize the value of desert could fail to find support or legitimacy within the population. (shrink)

Dans son commentaire par questions aux Météorologiques d’Aristote, Blaise de Parme se demande « si les mêmes opinions se répètent plusieurs fois ou une infinité de fois ». Ce texte s’inscrit dans une tradition parisienne qui débute avec Nicole Oresme, suivi de près par Albert de Saxe, le Pseudo-Duns Scot et Thémon Juif. Nous proposons ici l’édition critique de la quaestio de Blaise de Parme, accompagnée d’une introduction doctrinale dans laquelle nous situons sa pensée par rapport à cette tradition parisienne (...) à propos des thèmes qui traversent le texte : vision cyclique de l’histoire, Grande Année, explication causale des cycles, possibilité de la liberté humaine et existence du hasard et de la contingence. (shrink)

Original scholarly essays by leading philosophers, which bring to life Machiavelli’s lengthiest and most challenging work.

It is commonly known that Husserl’s eidetic variation is of paramount importance for phenomenology. For if phenomenology is a science of pure essences and formulates scientific laws about such essences, there has to be something like a method to follow in order to discover and test such eidetic truths; and this method is dubbed as eidetic variation. Now, a crucial aspect of this method has not been under active consideration yet: namely, as Husserl stresses in Experience and Judgment, that the (...) eidetic variation is somehow to be related to the Greek notion of “hen epi pollôn”: the one over the many. An expression first used by Aristotle in the context of his dispute with Plato on the status of intelligible objects as universals. Accordingly, it seems clear that, by using this expression, Husserl wanted to refer his method to this Aristotle/Plato divide. The aim of this paper is to take this claim seriously, and to show, by an historical detour which takes into consideration this dispute, in which sense this method can be considered as a crucial contribution to the tradition to which phenomenology belongs, namely the Platonic-Aristotelian tradition. (shrink)

Concerns about GenAI’s energy use and physical pollution are well known. This commentary highlights another threat: epistemic pollution—the degradation of our knowledge ecosystem through low-quality, misleading, or fabricated information. Drawing on a recent pseudo-scientific article co-authored by Grok 3, we discuss the rise of academic deepfakes and their contribution to epistemic pollution. We show how GenAI makes academic deepfakes cheaper, more accessible, and harder to detect. The resulting epistemic pollution poses acute risks in fields like Business & Society, which draw (...) on multidisciplinary knowledge and engage with politically sensitive topics. Yet, by extending the analogy between epistemic and physical pollution, we suggest that Business & Society scholars are also well placed to study the problem and respond. (shrink)

This paper focuses on the main claim of Umberto Eco’s Open Work, according to which any work of art is an inherently ambiguous message, i.e. is inexhaustible, or in principle likely to be the object of an infinite number of interpretations. It does so, first, by restricting itself to the specific topic of the literary work of art, and, secondly, by making a detour, that Eco himself suggests, though he does not really explore it, via Sartre’s ontological phenomenology. This detour (...) will eventually lead the reader from Being and Nothingness to What is Literature?; from Sartre’s “theory of the phenomenon” to his description of the poetic and prosaic attitude; and from a theory of literature qua ambiguity-inexhaustibility to that of openness qua esthetic phenomenon. Finally, it is the capacity of Sartre’s phenomenology to ultimately clarify, or provide a foundation to, Eco’s own theory, as well as the latter’s originality with regard to the former, that will be studied and accounted for. (shrink)

Dans les grandes histoires de l’épicurisme, seul Nicolas d’Autrécourt est parfois mentionné pour le Moyen Âge en raison de son atomisme. Bien qu’il ne se dise jamais épicurien et qu’il refuserait probablement cette étiquette, il défend une thèse longtemps associée à Épicure : tout ce qui apparaît est vrai. Bien qu’il ait pu savoir qu’il s’agissait d’une thèse épicurienne, nous faisons l’hypothèse qu’il arrive à ce résultat parce que leur ambition était la même : sauver Démocrite sans tomber dans le (...) scepticisme qui lui est attribué par Aristote. Cet article compare de manière systématique Épicure et Nicolas d’Autrécourt dans le but d’éclairer leurs théories de la connaissance. (shrink)

Anthony Rudd’s Painting and Presence: Why Paintings Matter is a monograph that spans the categories of aesthetics, philosophy of art, and religion. Rudd takes t.

The aim of this article is to discuss the preferred basis problem in relational quantum mechanics (RQM). The issue is at the heart of quantum mechanics and we first show that the mathematical formalism of RQM is immune to recent critics concerning consistency. Moreover, we also analyse the notion of interaction in RQM and provide a for all practical purposes reading of RQM comparing it with Bohmian mechanics.

While corporate social responsibility (CSR) is recognized as taking on various national meanings and practices, research has not sufficiently investigated how multinational companies (MNC) simultaneously achieve global CSR integration and local CSR adaptation. Building on a qualitative case study carried out at ASICS, an MNC headquartered in Japan, we show how this organizational dilemma may be solved through hybridization work, a form of institutional work performed by CSR managers in subsidiaries to combine and adapt different institutional approaches to CSR. By (...) developing the notion of hybridization work, we contribute by (1) revealing a set of practices that contribute to institutional change within organizations and (2) enriching the study of CSR organizational change and international business by showing how hybridization Work leads to a greater organizational integration between core and periphery, and by identifying the triggering factors for subsidiary initiative in CSR. (shrink)

We discuss a recent work by J. Lawrence et al. [arxiv.org/abs/2208.11793] criticizing relational quantum mechanics (RQM) and based on a famous nonlocality theorem Going back to Greenberger Horne and Zeilinger (GHZ). Here, we show that the claims presented in this recent work are unjustified and we debunk the analysis.

This article aims at accounting for the project of a Husserl-inspired foundation of a science of literature. This foundation leads firstly to the task of describing the eidetically definite correlation in which the sense “literary work” happens to be constituted, i.e. the correlation of quasi-reading. The principle of a science of the literary work is then warranted by spelling out two of its main properties: on the one hand, the fact that it is a shaped phantasia, and on the other (...) the specific horizon structure of the imaginary « world » the literary work projects. Finally, we outline some leads of a Husserl-inspired phenomenology of literature. (shrink)

The article explores the hermeneutical possibilities offered by modern philosophy for addressing the question of religious diversity. How does modern philosophy accommodate not only the Christian form of religion but also religious plurality? Focusing on the early modern period, and adopting an exploratory, essay-like approach, the article examines texts by Descartes and Pascal that refer to religious pluralism, with the aim of interpreting the philosophico-theological implications of these references. With respect to Descartes, the discussion draws on the theory of faith (...) set out in the Meditations on First Philosophy, and on the Conversation with Burman, both of which provide indications concerning the consideration of other religions. In the case of Pascal, the analysis turns to the anthropological foundations of true religion in the Pensées, then to the structural anti-Judaism conveyed by the conceptual schema of the figuratives, before finally considering the theme of the hiddenness of God. Ultimately, the aim is to bring to light the operative power of concepts drawn from early modern philosophy for conceptualizing an openness to religious diversity. (shrink)

In his commentary on Aristotle’s Physics, Nicole Oresme raises a question that he is apparently the first to ask in these terms, in such a context: do all beings have the desire to persevere into being? Before him, this question is not found in any of the medieval commentaries on Aristotle’s Physics. But after him it became canonical until at least the 16th century, since it can be found in Pietro Pomponazzi’s works for example. The novelty here consists in questioning (...) the validity of Averroes’ thesis, in his own commentary on the Physics, according to which all beings have the desire to persist into being, using the Augustinian analysis of voluntary death and suicide. How can we explain that one can freely put an end to his days if he is naturally inclined by a desire for life and even for eternity? Oresme’s solution consists in justifying not only the possibility, but also the moral obligation to accept death under certain conditions. In most cases, we do not really want to die. The desperate man wishes to cancel his misfortune and the heroic man who sacrifices himself for his country wishes to immortalize himself in the memory of other men. From a moral point of view, Nicole Oresme justifies only one case of voluntary death: that of individual sacrifice for the common good. The aim of this paper is to analyze precisely this important turning point in the long history of the notion of conatus in the West by comparing this quaestio from the commentary on the Physics with the glosses that accompany the French translation of the Nicomachean Ethics realised by Oresme at the court of Charles V. (shrink)

This article explores the compatibility of posing and authenticity in portraiture. Often understood as a source of inauthenticity, I propose that posing in fact functions as an artistic tool that can support a truthful portrayal. My argument first discusses authenticity in relation to portraiture through the lens of Bernard Williams’s idea of “truthfulness,” which relies on his notions of “accuracy” and “sincerity.” Second, I introduce a phenomenology of posing. I identify two aspects of posing that can be present in the (...) portrait; these are the “posing sitter,” who holds the actual physical pose, but also point out the use of a “posing effect” in the image, which I call the “posed sitter.” Third, I address the worry of posing as a source of inauthenticity and demonstrate how this can be reframed in order to lay bare its capacity for enhancing truthfulness. The pose then need not be regarded with suspicion of artifice that clouds the authenticity of the sitter; instead, it can offer an approach to truthfully portray the sitter. (shrink)

We review several no-go theorems attributed to Gisin and Hardy, Conway and Kochen purporting the impossibility of Lorentz-invariant deterministic hidden-variable model for explaining quantum nonlocality. Those theorems claim that the only known solution to escape the conclusions is either to accept a preferred reference frame or to abandon the hidden-variable program altogether. Here we present a different alternative based on a foliation dependent framework adapted to deterministic hidden variables. We analyse the impact of such an approach on Bohmian mechanics and (...) show that retrocausation necessarily comes out without time-loop paradox. (shrink)

This article sets out in what sense a philosophy of salvation can be discerned in Blaise Pascal’s notes, known as Pensées. The aim is to characterize a twofold movement of thought accomplished by Pascal, consisting both in inserting salvation into the horizon of human concerns, and in demonstrating the operativity of the Christian religion in matters of salvation. We are thus led to consider the ways in which the theme of salvation emerges, from the study of the human condition in (...) the light of the three classical questions of metaphysics, through death and the image of the castaway, to the immortality of the soul. Finally, the thread of salvation allows us to sketch the outlines of a philosophy with its own characteristics, giving Pascal a marked place in the history of modern philosophy. (shrink)

Au temps des algorithmes, la loi vit une double transformation dans son utilisation de l’I.A. à travers le concept de justice algorithmisée mais aussi dans l’écriture de nouveaux règlements pour encadrer la conception et l’usage d’I.A. peu importe l’application. L’I.A. présente des opportunités mais aussi des menaces qu’il faut évaluer avec rigueur pour s’en prémunir. En cela, les réflexions et les décisions qui en découlent doivent être orientées par la science sans prendre le risque de construire des textes de loi (...) ou de prendre des mesures déconnectées de la réalité du terrain. La déconstruction des mythes, des contre-vérités, voire des mensonges doit accompagner une consolidation des connaissances tant scientifiques que législatives, et ce pour toutes les parties prenantes : du propriétaire d’une I.A. au législateur en passant par le concepteur et l’utilisateur. Cela passe entre autres par la constitution d’une gouvernance I.A. d’excellence. (shrink)

This paper discusses the phenomenology of life history through an analogy with the consistent histories approach in quantum physics. This analogy, originally suggested by M. Houellebecq, allows us to shed light on a dimension that is not yet articulated as an all-encompassing story, but is populated only with fragments or scraps of possible narratives. In order to unpack this hypothesis, we start with a philosophical account of the consistent histories approach, as formulated by Robert Griffiths and pushed further by Roland (...) Omnès, Murray Gell-Mann, and James Hartle. We pursue with a description of a pre-narrative, untamed phenomenological field by drawing on Marc Richir’s phenomenology of wild essences. Finally, we discuss some possible structural analogies between the histories in physics and life history, focusing on how narratives and their symbolic cohesion blend out an original field of inconsistencies, that nevertheless is at the basis of consistent stories. Drawing on these analogies, we argue that there is a kind of virtual operativity in every narratively articulated life history, which contributes to narrative sense-making at a distance and which makes creativity possible. (shrink)

In a context of growing environmental challenges, circular economy (CE) business models appear necessary for business to contribute positively to the ecological transition. While platform business models have been identified as a new and promising model in CE, we still lack a fine-grained understanding of the critical capabilities involved in developing and scaling them. To fill this gap, we build on a single case study of Phenix, a French-based fast-growing start-up in the food industry, tackling the issue of food waste. (...) We identify three core managerial capabilities involved in the successful scaling of Phenix's business model. In addition to ecosystem orchestration capabilities, we identify two types of ambidextrous capabilities – forms of ambidexterity operating both at the organizational and at the institutional level. Our analysis highlights the importance of considering these capabilities in a bundle as they collectively contribute to the performance and scaling potential of the business model. We also call for an increased consideration of the role of institutional factors in shaping opportunities to design and scale profitable business models. (shrink)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of aging on consciousness in recognition memory, using the Remember/Know/Guess procedure. Remembering and Knowing. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik, The Oxford Handbook of Memory. Oxford University Press.). In recognition memory, older participants report fewer occasions on which recognition is accompanied by recollection of the original encoding context. Two main hypotheses were tested: the speed mediation hypothesis. The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 3, 403–428) and (...) the executive-aging hypothesis. An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 272–292). A group of young and a group of older adults took a recognition test in which they classified their responses according to Gardiner, J. M., & Richarson-Klavehn, A.. Remembering and Knowing. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik, The Oxford Handbook of Memory. Oxford University Press. remember-know-guess paradigm. Subsequently, participants completed processing speed and executive function tests. The results showed that among the older participants, R responses decreased, but K responses did not. Moreover, a hierarchical regression analysis supported the view that the effect of age in recollection experience is determined by frontal lobe integrity and not by diminution of processing speed. (shrink)

abstract The moral value of distributive equality constitutes one of the most contentious debates in political philosophy. Following Frankfurt, many philosophers have claimed that the intuitive appeal of equality is illusory and that egalitarian intuitions are fundamentally intuitions about the importance of satisfying basic needs. According to this argument, our intuitions tell us that inequality ceases to matter once a certain threshold has been reached. Despite the widespread appeal to intuitions regarding this issue, few empirical studies have tried to assess (...) whether Frankfurt and his followers are right in claiming the lack of intuitiveness of equality per se. In a series of three experiments, we show that experimental evidence does not allow us to settle the intuitiveness of each theory: laypeople are divided in the consideration of the respective importance of needs and equality. While our results do show that laypeople attach special importance to needs‐fulfilment, it also seems that they are divided when it comes to the importance they grant to equality once needs are fulfilled. No theory is unanimously backed by participants, and it seems that, fundamentally, divisions among philosophers reflect deep divisions among people. (shrink)

Contrary to what is generally said about the reception of Epicurus in the Middle Ages, many medieval authors agreed on his great wisdom, even if he made some philosophical and theological errors. From the 12th century to the 14th century on can find several "Lives of Epicurus" in which the best sayings of Epicurus are gathered from ancient sources (Seneca, Cicero, Lactantius, etc.). In this paper, we follow these quite unknown sources about Epicureanism in the Middle Ages. We try to (...) show that if Epicurus was considered as a wise man in the MIddle Ages, Epicureans are condemned because after the Revelation of God's word, Christians can only accept Epicurus's ascetic ethics, not his errors about the eternity of the world, the mortality of the soul et the subordination of happiness to pleasure. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to show how the phenomenology of the body developed in his late writings by the Czech philosopher Jan Patočka can be seen as the final stage of the archaeology of the Lebenswelt developed by Edmund Husserl and reshaped by Martin Heidegger. According to this exegetical and philosophical hypothesis, only a phenomenology of the body can be a serious attempt to resolve the conflict between the so-called “manifest” and “scientific” images of the world, in which (...) the concept of Lebenswelt is rooted. The peculiarity of Jan Patočka’s phenomenology of the body is to stress the strong connection between the notion of sense, the affective dimension of human experience and the necessity of taking into consideration a “bodily” point of view on the experience. (shrink)

Revisión de Pedagogía de la Memoria en el Colegio Universitario Patagónico entre el 2015 y 2019, Tesis para optar por el título de Magíster en Historia y Memoria de N. Álvarez.

Epitomized in the bodily exhibitions of ‘fitspiration’, photo-based social media is biased toward self-beautification and glorification of reality. Meanwhile, evidence is growing of psychological side effects connected to this ‘pictorial turn’ in our communication. In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche poses the question how ugliness and discord can produce aesthetic pleasure. This paper proceeds from an inverse relationship and examines why glorification of appearances and conspicuous beauty fails to do the same, and even compounds suffering. Drawing on the Apollo-Dionysus dualism (...) undergirding Nietzsche’s aesthetic philosophy, I posit a deeper relation between the saturation of visual self-exhibitionism typified in fitspiration and its empirical effects. Concentrating on the medium and self-representational photograph, I argue that Instagram is primarily an instrument of Apolline artifice and that the pictorial turn which defines the present centers Apolline mediation to the detrimental exclusion of meaningful communion with its Dionysiac antithesis. For users immersed in this Apolline sphere of visual self-representation, a fractured existence beholden to conditions of the image ensues—comprising surface-level appearances, deification of the moment, and loss of existential sustenance through myth. By positioning fitspiration not as an aberration but as the logical conclusion of the medium’s intrinsic Apolline property, it becomes a litmus test of the entire visual landscape and illustrative of the implications that uncritical participation in it may bring. (shrink)