There is an ongoing debate regarding the content of psychopathy, especially about the status of antisocial behavior and disinhibition characteristics as core psychopathy features. Psychopathic Personality Traits Scale (PPTS) represents a novel model of psychopathy based on core psychopathy markers such as Interpersonal manipulation, Egocentricity and Affective responsiveness. However, this model presupposes another narrow trait of psychopathy: cognitive responsiveness, which represents a lack of cognitive empathy. Since previous models of psychopathy do not depict this feature as a core psychopathy trait, (...) the goal of this study was to empirically evaluate if the lack of cognitive empathy is a narrow psychopathy trait or its correlate. The research was conducted on a community sample via online study (N=342; Mage=23.7 years; 31% males). Results showed that the correlations between Cognitive responsiveness and other psychopathy features were significantly lower than intercorrelations of other three traits. Factor analysis, conducted on PPTS items, provided a two-factor solution, where Cognitive responsiveness was yielded as a factor separate from other psychopathy indicators. Finally, the exploration of the shared latent space of psychopathy and cognitive empathy resulted in the two-factor solution where psychopathy and the lack of cognitive empathy were extracted as correlated but separate latent variables. The data clearly supported the former model. Research results showed that the lack of cognitive empathy should not be considered an indicator of psychopathy but its correlate. The findings emphasize the need to be cautious in conceptualization of the psychopathy construct. (shrink)

Hype over novel quantum technologies has prompted discussion on the likely societal impacts of the sector. Calls to ensure the responsible development of quantum technologies are complicated by a lack of concrete case studies or real-world examples of irresponsible quantum. At this stage, responsible quantum faces a situation reminiscent of the Collingridge dilemma. In this dilemma, the moment in which discussion on societal risks and benefits can be most impactful is also the time when the least information is available. The (...) flipside of this challenge is an opportunity to build processes for examining the public good of quantum before the trajectory (and potential problems) of the sector become “locked in”. Recent work in this space has argued that quantum researchers and innovators must work with society to address uncertainties and concerns. By engaging quantum stakeholders and understanding their perspectives on responsibility, this paper seeks to support this proposition and enable further dialogue on responsible development and use of quantum technologies. (shrink)

People tend to show greater liking for expressions of sadness when these expressions are described as art. Why does this effect arise? One obvious hypothesis would be that describing something as art makes people more likely to regard it as fictional, and people prefer expressions of sadness that are not real. We contrast this obvious hypothesis with a hypothesis derived from the philosophical literature. In this alternative hypothesis, describing something as art makes people more inclined to appropriate it, that is, (...) to see it as an expression of their own sadness. Study 1 found that describing the exact same sad text as art (e.g., a monologue) as opposed to not-art (e.g., a diary entry) led to increased liking for the work. Study 2 showed that this effect is not mediated by fictionality. Study 3 showed that the effect is mediated by appropriation. Study 4 looked at the impact of a manipulation of fictionality. Describing a work as fictional did lead to increased liking, but this effect was completely mediated by appropriation. These results provide at least some initial support for the appropriation hypothesis. (shrink)

Amidst an increasingly volatile climate, degraded natural resources, and an inequitable distribution of costs and benefits in our food system, there is a great interest in understanding how to instigate transitions to more sustainable agri-food systems. This research project brings together concepts from sustainability transitions and agroecology to advance a conceptual understanding of agri-food transition intermediaries. Intermediaries are thought to play important roles in systemic transformation processes through their work of connecting diverse entities, building networks, and mobilizing resources to create (...) momentum for systemic change. However, research on intermediaries has largely centered technology and innovation in change-making processes, which is somewhat misaligned with agroecology’s broader aims of achieving a food system that is ecologically sustainable, socially just, and economically viable. This suggests that intermediaries in transitions to agroecology may require distinct concepts and frameworks that better attend to the expansive set of values that people bring to agroecological transitions, a gap that this research project attempts to fill. Through a case study of intermediaries attempting to advance regional agricultural diversification in the U.S. Midwest, a principles-based approach to conceptualizing intermediaries in transitions to agroecology is proposed. Intermediaries were guided by three core principles of agroecological repair, building social infrastructure, and redistributing power in agri-food systems, and envisioned an agroecological transition broadly based in health, diversity, resiliency, equity, regionality and a good life. This research project moves beyond functionalist descriptions of what intermediaries do, to develop guiding principles that can be used to evaluate intermediaries in agroecological transition efforts. (shrink)

The Danish healthcare system must meet the need for easy and equal access to healthcare for every citizen. However, investigations have shown unfair prioritization of cancer patients and unfair prioritization of resources for expensive medicines over care. What is needed are principles for proper prioritization. This article investigates whether American ethicists Tom Beauchamp and James Childress’s principle of justice may be helpful as a conceptual framework for reflections on prioritization of expensive biological therapies in the Danish healthcare system. We present (...) an empirical study exploring the principles for prioritizing new expensive biological therapies. This study includes qualitative interviews with key Danish stakeholders experienced in antibody therapy and prioritizing resources for expensive medicines. Beauchamp and Childress’s model only covers government-funded primary and acute healthcare. Based on the interviews, this study indicates that to be helpful in a Danish context this model should include equal access for citizens to government-funded primary and acute healthcare, costly medicine, and other scarce treatments. We conclude that slightly modified, Beauchamp and Childress’s principle of justice might be useful as a conceptual framework for reflections on the prioritization of expensive biological therapies in the Danish healthcare system. (shrink)

The rise of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) has been astonishing, in particular for the arts and creative industries. The dominant discourse both in mainstream media and in academia today focuses predominantly on what this new technology can do for the art market rather than art itself. However, framing NFTs in art in the context of money and markets draws attention away from the more subtle and creative role of NFTs. Consequently, this article asks: What is the role of NFTs in art, (...) beyond the market? This research complements existing empirical work, by conducting a case study and interviews with members of DADA, a historic NFT art project which is particularly critical towards the role of the art market. The findings foregrounded five roles that NFTs play in art: as (1) a tool for systemic change, (2) a new way to community, (3) a ritual artefact, (4) a means for preservation and (5) a new medium. (shrink)

In Spring 2022, Richard Bernstein taught his final graduate seminar on American Pragmatism at the New School for Social Research. As I mentioned in the Introduction to this issue, during the semester, a colleague from the Politics Department, Deva Woodly, published her book _Reckoning: Black Lives Matter and the Democratic Necessity of Social Movements_. In it, she codifies her observations of the Movement for Black Lives, tracking both the influence of Deweyan pragmatism and Black feminism on the movement’s guiding philosophy. (...) Dick read it immediately and enthusiastically added the chapter on “Radical Black Feminist Pragmatism” to our syllabus, saying he felt it was written for us, as it was exactly what he had hoped to achieve with the course—seeing how pragmatic themes were being taken up creatively and productively toward emancipatory social and political action. He invited Woodly for a separate session, and she generously joined our class for a discussion on her work and its relationship to Deweyan pragmatism more broadly. In that discussion, Woodly said she thought she would get pushback for putting “radical” and “pragmatism” together, or that it would at least be controversial. At the time, it seemed an absolutely natural pairing to me—though I was not yet able to express exactly why it was I felt that way. This paper has been percolating ever since. (shrink)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction ANT, After‐ANT, and Educational Reform Network Readings and Educational Reform A First Reading of Reform: Extending the Network Re‐thinking the Reading: Centrality and Otherness A Second Reading: Mobilizing and Sustaining Reform Re‐reading Reform: Fluid Spaces and Ambivalent Belongings Conclusion Notes References.

This study examines the concept of tanāfur al-hurūf (disharmony of letters), which holds a significant place in Arabic rhetoric, from historical and modern perspectives. It addresses the transformation of the concept, starting from the phonetic-based approaches of classical linguists to modern linguistic analyses. The research evaluates not only the technical aspects of al-tanāfur, such as its causes, the articulatory features of letters, and the effects of sound combinations, but also its literary and aesthetic dimensions. Conducted through literature review and comparative (...) analysis methods, this study reveals that the concept of tanāfur is not merely a linguistic phenomenon but also a multifaceted concept with literary, aesthetic, and cultural dimensions. The research analyzes the impact of tanāfur on eloquence (al-fasāḥa) and rhetoric (al-balāgha) in the Arabic language from a broad perspective, spanning classical theories to modern approaches. In the classical period, tanāfur was addressed in the context of pronunciation difficulties and auditory disharmony in words, whereas in the modern period, it has been associated with the aesthetic and phonetic aspects of language. The study aims to better understand the linguistic and literary dimensions of this concept by exploring its historical development and the similarities and differences between various approaches. Furthermore, the technical aspects of the concept have been elaborated through modern phonetic analyses, emphasizing the role of tanāfur in understanding the complex nature of language. The multidimensional analysis of the concept of tanāfur al-hurūf contributes to our understanding of the aesthetic and phonetic richness of the Arabic language. This study aims to provide a comprehensive examination of an important concept in Arabic rhetoric, offering valuable contributions to linguistic and literary studies. (shrink)

In this paper I theorize a form of epistemic resistance rooted in Audre Lorde’s notion of self-care. I do this by developing an undertheorized concept in Miranda Fricker’s work, hermeneutical rebellion, proposing a model of epistemic self-care that can cultivate the capacities needed to resist oppressive narratives and social imaginaries acting on one’s identity. Considering breast cancer survivor narratives as a case study, I analyze the identity power wielded by the dominant narrative (e.g. white, cis, heteronormative conceptions of femininity), arguing (...) that survivors are subject to hermeneutical injustice that kettles them into an understanding of themselves which perpetuates systems of oppression. Engaging Katharine Jenkins’s account of gender identity, I show how an individual’s efforts to rebel against this dominant narrative will be insufficient to overcome identity harms, as she will be defining herself in relation to the same constructions she is rebelling against. I argue that a different type of rebellion is needed—one capable of loosening the grip of identity power on one’s sense of self. Drawing from Lorde’s experience as well as my own, ultimately I reframe the dominant narrative as absurd and introduce Donna Haraway’s cyborg myth as a model for the kind of alternative conceptual resource that can make this rebellion possible. (shrink)

This paper traces the history of EAW in the United States and explores changes in its application and interpretation during recent decades. Although EAW remains the presumption, its negative impact on stakeholders, particularly employees, calls its future into question. EAW has already been significantly eroded as a result of judicial and legislative measures. Employers and employees are encouraged to use EAW only as a default rule, and to design their relationships with more care and consideration to treat each other with (...) respect. (shrink)

Esports—video gaming as a spectator sport—currently boast an estimated global viewership of five hundred million and annual revenue exceeding one billion dollars. Yet the very notion of making a living playing video games has rendered esports a perennially novel and foreign phenomenon in North America. This article reconsiders esports’ persistent novelty through the lens of their history and popularity in East Asia, particularly South Korea and China, and North American cultural representations of the East Asian “geeks” who continue to dominate (...) the global esports scene. The article demonstrates how the drama and profitability of esports turns on a potent set of fantasies about race, gender, national identity, and ideal sportsmanship. Through esports, video games are transmuted into immersive technocultural instruments of transpacific soft power and global finance. Asian/american racialization, set against the backdrop of a rising China, undergirds the ludic’s remarkable capacity to revise traditional modes of masculinity, athleticism, and the relationship between remote work and virtual play. (shrink)

Amidst a flood of dangerous misinformation freely flowing online, we hear rising calls for government regulation of content. Even staunch defenders of free speech increasingly reason that digitization has altered contemporary communications so radically that it warrants changes in our legal treatment of speech. This paper argues that it does not. Such regulation would be wrong in principle and prove counter-productive, in practice. For it fails to address the problem’s root, which is epistemological rather than legal. The paper is in (...) four parts. First, it lays out the “Digital is Different” argument. Next, it responds, through two primary tracks: challenging the Difference Argument’s underlying model of human knowledge acquisition and then analyzing two of the purported game-changers: network effects and the opacity of digital communications, which precipitate calls for transparency. The third part situates my argument against those of John Stuart Mill, the godfather of contemporary defenses of free speech, in order to expose some important differences and thereby sharpen the presentation of my own view. Finally, the paper proposes parallels between press freedom and religious freedom to illuminate the proper posture on government regulation. (shrink)

The phenomenon of multi-used stock photography in the news contradicts the photojournalism professional values of truthful and emotional depictions. This reality echoes other false images increasingly appearing in the media, including deepfakes and artificial intelligence. In the present study, a two (stock and staff photo) by two (positive and negative valence) quasi-experiment is conducted. The dependent variables include: 1) credibility; 2) self-reported arousal level; 3) emotional valence perceptions; 4) fixation duration; and 5) fixation count. Participants viewed staff photos as more (...) credible in both positive and negative valences. Negative photos were perceived as slightly less credible. Stock and staff photos were similarly arousing, received similar valence perceptions, and had similar gaze fixations and durations. Overall, participants perceived the genuine emotion portrayed truthfully in photojournalism as opposed to the faux emotion acted out in stock photos. (shrink)

High levels of somatic symptom distress represent a core component of both mental and physical illness. The exact aetiology and pathogenesis of this transdiagnostic phenomenon remain largely unknown. The Affective Picture Paradigm (APP) represents an innovative experimental paradigm to study somatic symptom distress. Based on the HiTOP framework and a population-based sampling approach, associations between facets of somatic symptom distress and symptoms induced by the APP were explored in two studies (N1 = 201; N2 = 254) using structural equation bi-factor (...) models. Results showed that the APP effect was significantly positively correlated with general somatic symptom distress (PHQ-15, HiTOP), cardio-respiratory symptoms (PHQ-15), as well as difficulties identifying feelings. In conclusion, negative affective cues in the APP can elicit somatic symptoms, particularly in people with higher levels of somatic symptom distress. Difficulties identifying feelings might contribute to this phenomenon. Results are compatible with a predictive processing account of somatic symptom perception. (shrink)

Leader self-awareness is one of four components theorized in the conceptualization of authentic leadership. This study begins investigation into individual components of authentic leadership, first, by examining measurement invariance for leader self-awareness across ten national cultures, and second, by examining its relationship with follower psychological empowerment. Evidence for metric invariance was supported, but scalar invariance was not found, suggesting that comparing correlations of leader self-awareness with empowerment is warranted, but comparing average mean levels across cultures is not an apples-to-apples comparison. (...) A positive relationship between leader self-awareness and follower empowerment was significant at the individual and work unit levels, and there were significance differences in effect sizes for some countries compared to the United States. (shrink)

Mezcal is a spirit distilled from the heart of the agave plant. It has been produced via traditional methods in Mexico for centuries, but recently has found popularity in the United States and other countries. The rise in demand for this artisanal product could greatly benefit the eight states in which it is legally distilled with an influx of capital from tourism and export. However, with this popularity comes outside influence and the potential for unfair business practices and cultural appropriation. (...) This case provides a general overview of mezcal and the Mexican state of Oaxaca in which it is produced. Discussion questions are presented as well as a brief teaching note. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Social justice development is likely influenced by a range of contextual experiences. We examined the ways in which emerging adult students’ experiences with families, peers, and religious congregations were associated with their own social justice outcomes. Participants (N = 288; 65.4% = women) completed a survey of social justice attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of their families’, peers,’ and congregations’ engagement with social justice issues. Findings indicated that family, peer, and congregational factors explained significant amounts of variance in students’ social (...) justice outcomes and provided unique insight into aspects of students’ experiences that may be particularly relevant to social justice development during this period. (shrink)

Generativity can be defined as concern and care focused on contributing to the well-being of others, particularly younger generations. It has been conceptualized and studied as a developmental desire or goal, as a form of behavior or activity, and as a state of being or goal achievement. However, it can also be examined as an antecedent to other important outcomes, including individual health and well-being. This chapter provides an overview of the ways in which generativity might shape individual health and (...) well-being and the empirical evidence, to date, for such links. (shrink)

The Mexican cultural attribute of machismo will be considered as a major source for the proliferation of corruption throughout the government and society. It is proposed, based on previous research and biological findings, that the inclusion of more women into the government and business will reduce corruption.

The end of the federal COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) on May 11, 2023, marked a pivotal shift in the landscape of telehealth regulation in the US. Kwan, Jolin, and Shachar analyze the implications of this transition by exposing inconsistencies in access to care. We agree that we now face a “convoluted patchwork of permanent and temporary changes to telehealth law and policy.”1.

Respecting patient autonomy through the process of soliciting informed consent is a cornerstone of clinical ethics. In pediatrics, until a child becomes an adult or legally emancipated, that ethical tenet takes the form of respect for parental decision-making authority. In instances of respecting religious beliefs, doing so is not always apparent and sometimes the challenge lies not only in the healthcare provider’s familiarity of religious restrictions but also their knowledge of medical interventions themselves which might conflict with those restrictions. We (...) examine a case of a newborn receiving animal-derived surfactant, a common scenario in neonatology, and present considerations for providers to weigh when confronting when such an intervention might conflict with parent’s religious beliefs. We end with strategizing ways to address this issue as a medical community. (shrink)

Inpatient care is one of four Medicare-required levels of hospice care in the United States. This chapter explores the ethics embedded in administrative and clinical aspects of delivering hospice care to inpatients. It offers a broad overview of the most common ways that hospice organizations provide inpatient terminal care. In so doing, it highlights the strengths and drawbacks of each operational setting as they inform ethical aspects of care. The chapter also explores ethical challenges in the inpatient hospice care setting (...) and offers guidance on how to address them in keeping with the specific values and culture of the particular hospice organization. (shrink)

In medical research involving human participants, investigators follow procedures specified in the study protocol. This differs from the patient-provider relationship where individualized decisions...

While law and stakeholder theory have been traditionally viewed as lying at odds, the purpose of this paper is to show how this is not the necessarily the case. In fact, principles of law—specifically torts, property, and contract law—actually contribute toward the foundation of stakeholder theory.

The purpose of this paper is to question the role of technology in the workplace and our response to it. I rely upon Caller ID to illustrate the duplicitous nature of technology. I do not argue that businesses should refrain from using technology, but that we need to consider the implications technology before we become to dependent upon it.

Careful examination of specific legislation contributes significantly to our understanding and development of stakeholders, stakeholder relationships, and stakeholder theory. Incorporating legislative analysis contributes to the development of a more robust stakeholder theory.

Understanding the varied approaches to leadership remains an ongoing challenge, especially as it relates to different sorts of organizations. Of particular interest are the specific considerations to which leaders pay attention. The management letters contained in the annual reports of both for-profit and nonprofit organizations reveal the nature of many of these considerations. This paper examines the management letters contained in the annual reports of for-profit and nonprofit organizations in order to discern the major differences and similarities between the approaches (...) of for-profit and nonprofit leaders. Through this research a number of themes emerge that lead to general conclusions regarding leadership. (shrink)

This chapter presents some of Ayn Rand's express condemnations of non‐objective law and then indicates the underlying principles of government that explain these assessments. It also discusses the implications of Rand's view for the traditional Natural Law‐Positivism dispute over the authority of law and for the moral status of the Rule of Law. In particular, the chapter shows why the Rule of Law, on what she regards as a proper conception of objective law, is emphatically a moral ideal. The broad (...) scope of Rand's conception of objective law is explained not only by her view of the function of government, but also by her understanding of objectivity itself. In the sense in which the term applies to man‐made things, objectivity is normative. Rand's analysis suggests that the propriety of the Rule of Law rests, at bottom, in its objectivity. The Rule of Law banishes subjectivism. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to confront some of the difficulties experienced by women and firms as a result of conflicts between child-rearing and traditional professional endeavors. Law firm expectations and consequences are analyzed in order to bring some of the underlying issues to the surface.

This book examines the question of why 'play' is a happy and benevolent verb in childhood, yet a subjective label of behaviour in adulthood. It studies the transformation of the positively labelled term 'child's play', used to refer to our early years, into an aberrance or deviation from normal social relationships in later life, when we speak of playing up or playing around. It answers the question by proposing play as a theory of learning, an ideology that circumscribes behaviour, and (...) a way of thinking. Written by scholars of early childhood through to further and higher education, the book presents research on play enacted in a way that arches beyond the specificity of age groups or predictive, normative patterns. It is international in its focus, moving beyond insular, inward and parochial educational standards and limitations in one city, province, state or nation. Finally, it demonstrates the value of play to educational policy and theories of learning.. (shrink)

Study abroad has the power to be a transformative experience for students and there are few programs as unique as Semester at Sea (SAS). In order to empirically investigate the impacts, if any, this program had on former students we surveyed 107 alumni. A variety of themes emerged from the coding of the qualitative data, but many of them clustered around the emergence of compassion. From our findings we believe there is potential to recreate the parts of the SAS experience (...) that fostered compassion in our own classrooms for students unable to study abroad. (shrink)

A 7-session Bible study for teens that examines each of the Persons of God individually--Father, Son, and Spirit. Students will gain a richer understanding of who God is that will transform how they relate to Him.

Popular podcast host and author of The Bible Recap offers 90 scriptural devotions to get into the Word and gain a deeper understanding of the character of our Heavenly Father--what He says and does, what He loves and hates, and what motivates Him to do what He does.

Responsibility and professionalism are increasingly issues of concern for professional associations, employers and educators alike. When bad things happen, professionals are often held personally accountable for complex situations. Professional Responsibility and Professionalism advances our approaches to professional responsibility from individual-centred, virtue-based prescriptions towards understanding and responding effectively to the multifaceted challenges encountered today by professionals working in dynamic complexity. The author applies a sociomaterial examination to specific examples drawn from different professional contexts of practice. She examines important implications for what (...) professional responsibility and accountability might mean individually and collectively, and what it might be becoming when demands increasingly conflict, and when we accept that capacities for action are performed into existence in emergent and precarious webs of both human and non-human forces. The chapters explore some of the most prominent questions in professional responsibility, including: What does professional responsibility, and accountability, mean in the escalating complexities and conflicts confronting today's professionals? How does professional responsibility become developed and enacted, and through what social and material entanglements? How should responsibility be determined in multi-agency and interprofessional practice? What happens when professional decisions are delegated to software algorithms and diagnostic instruments? How are new governing regimes of professional work, such as innovation imperatives, excessive audit and logics of blame and scapegoating, reconfiguring responsibility? How can professionals respond simultaneously to individuals in need, the obligations of their profession, the demands of their employer and an anxious society? A major concern addressed by each chapter, and the book as a whole, is educating professionals in and for responsibility. Specific dilemmas and strategies are offered for educators in universities, workplaces and professional development contexts who seek new approaches to helping professionals learn to critically understand and practise responsibility today. This book will appeal to a wide audience of education researchers and post-graduate students studying professional practice, professionalism and education across a wide range of disciplines. Health professionals, professionals working in private practices, such as law, architecture and engineering, newer professions such as social work and policing, and educational professionals at all levels will find stories and strategies reflecting key issues of their practice in this detailed exploration of professional responsibility and accountability. (shrink)