Motivated by a desire to narrate and contextualize the deluge of "French theory," After the Deluege showcases recent work by today's brightest scholars of French intellectual history that historicizes key debates, figures, and turning points in the postwar era of French thought.

Haas deconstructs competing paradigms in political science and sociology in order to demonstrate metaphysical, methodological, and normative assumptions that ...

This is a description of an avian-shaped feature that rests below a network of cellular structures found on a mound within the Argyre Basin of Mars in Mars Global Surveyor image M14-02185, acquired on April 30, 2000, and released to the public on April 4, 2001. The area examined is located near 48.0° South, 55.1° West. The formation is approximately 2,400 meters long from the tip of its beak to the tip of its farthest tail feather. There is a minimum (...) of six different variations in appearance of the surface material over this small area. Utilizing the public targeting request form provided on the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) website, co-author Miller secured a second image of the area that was obtained on July 3, 2006, showing this feature under different conditions S20-00165. The new image was then released to the public on August 11, 2006. A third image of the formation identified as MGS S13-01480 was acquired on December 15, 2005, and although officially processed on June 20, 2006, it was not made available to the public until August 22, 2009, on NASA’s Planetary Data System (PDS) website. All three of the MGS images reveal defining aspects of this avian feature, including a head, beak, body, eye, leg, foot, toes, wing, and feathers. When taken together, these components induce the visual impression of an avian-shaped formation that exhibits a unique set of proportional features. Adjoining this formation is a composite of complex cellular features that form a compartmentalized infrastructure. The three authors who are veterinarians provide a critical analysis of the avian features, and the geologist and geoscientist authors examine natural mechanisms that could contribute to the formation of this feature. An extensive search of comparable regions within and beyond the area of the Argyre Basin was conducted. A list of these sites is provided, and terrestrial comparisons are also offered. (shrink)

This book examines the history of the major paradigms of political science and proposes a new model for political theory. The book champions a neobehavioral political science including multimethodological innovations, cross-testing of paradigms, and tenets of a new political science that can rise to become a truly theoretical science.

In this volume specialists of medieval music and philosophy put the medieval 'musica' into the context of ideas and institutions in which it existed. The significance of 'musica' cannot be understood from a modern point of view since 'music' does not match the medieval 'musica'.

This is an analysis of a large facial formation set within a glacial moraine along the southeast corner of Alberta, Canada, known as the Badlands Guardian. The formation is presented in one aerial and three satellite images acquired over the past 70 years by the Alberta Department of Lands & Forests and Google Earth. The images reveal a profiled portrait of a human head wearing a feathered headdress. The facial features include an eye, nose, mouth, chin, neck, and jawline. The (...) headdress consists of a headband containing a staggered set of feather-shaped extensions. When taken together these aesthetic features create the visual impression of a left-facing portrait of an indigenous tribesman wearing a feathered headdress. A claim of intelligent design is offered and a geologist and geoscientist examine natural mechanisms that could contribute to the formation of these aesthetic features. A comparison of the iconographic tribal motifs of both North and South America is presented and a request for an extensive ground exploration and additional satellite images of this formation is encouraged. (shrink)

This book, formed as a series of essays in honour of Professor Carl Baudenbacher, addresses the very art of judicial reasoning, and features contributions from many of the foremost current or former national, supranational, or international judges. This unique volume is intended first and foremost for legal scholars, but its approachable style makes it readily accessible for students and for those with a general interest in the application of the law and justice in today’s multi-layered world. The collection of essays (...) is rather more philosophical and reflective as opposed to doctrinal. Each contribution focuses on the nature and operation of justice, the independence of the judiciary, and on judicial style primarily from the perspective of the judges themselves. The book provides perspectives on what it means to be accountable and independent as a judge, the role of language and languages in the quest for justice, while other contributions acquaint readers with the some of the structures of courts themselves, or indeed question for whom judgments are written. Each chapter has been written by a presiding judge, or head of an institution and the book is divided into three parts: - Part I Art and Method - Part II Justice and the Judiciary - Part III Reasoning and Language. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Calvin's Political Theology and the Public Engagement of the Church: Calvin's Two Kingdoms by Matthew J. TuiningaGuenther ("Gene") HaasCalvin's Political Theology and the Public Engagement of the Church: Calvin's Two Kingdoms Matthew J. Tuininga CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2017. 258 PP. £69.99 / £27.99In recent years, a vigorous debate has arisen within Reformed circles concerning the nature of the two kingdoms theology of John Calvin. Although all recognize (...) that Calvin articulated a distinction between the spiritual kingdom of the church and the political kingdom of the state, there is disagreement over [End Page 211] the nature of the engagement of Christians with the temporal kingdom and over what should guide the state in enacting civil justice and order.The Kuyperian Neo-Calvinist movement holds a transformationalist understanding of the engagement of members of the spiritual kingdom with all vocations and spheres of life. Alternatively, two kingdoms Reformed theologians, such as David VanDrunen and Michael Horton, argue that the Reign of Christ is confined to the spiritual kingdom and must not be brought to bear directly on the temporal kingdom. Matthew Tuininga's book supports the latter view in his exposition of Calvin's political theology. Tuininga argues that Calvin articulated a sharp distinction between church and political society, such that politics is seen not as "a means of transforming society into the kingdom of God according to the dictates of Christian scripture, but as an endeavour to secure temporal order and civil righteousness in accord with reason, natural law, and the virtues of charity and prudence" (1).Tuininga begins by situating Calvin and his two kingdoms theology in their historical and political context, indicating Calvin's concern for the autonomy of church contra government interference. The central chapters (3–6) present the eschatological basis for Calvin's two kingdoms doctrine and detail the development of this theme in Calvin's thought. The Kingdom of God is identified with the church and its spiritual authority. It is distinct from the state's temporal authority, whose role is to maintain civil righteousness and order. To support this distinction between the mandate of the two kingdoms, Tuininga presents in chapter 7 the novel, and debatable, claim that Calvin holds to two covenants of God with Israel: the covenant of grace made with Abraham and confirmed at Sinai and the narrower covenant of the law for Israel's national life, in which God's blessings and punishments were conditional on Israel's obedience and disobedience. Although this legal covenant—with its earthly and temporal character—is embedded in the broader covenant of grace, it is abolished with the fulfillment of the covenant of grace in the coming of Christ. Only the covenant of grace—with its heavenly, inward, and spiritual character—remains in force for God's people today.Chapter 8 argues that Calvin's views on the mandate of the magistrate to protect religion and enact public justice is based not on appeals to scripture but to reason, the evidence of national laws, and natural philosophy. In chapter 9 Tuininga unfolds the implications of Calvin's two kingdoms theology for Christian political involvement in society. And in his conclusion, Tuininga unfolds numerous ways that this two kingdoms theology can guide contemporary Christians' engagement with modern liberal democracies.This work is a welcome exposition of Calvin's political theology to support the two kingdoms theology. However, in addition to the novel, and debatable, claim that God made two covenants with Israel, this reviewer finds that Tuininga's exposition fails to incorporate key points in Calvin's thought: the failure of civil rulers' to enact natural law faithfully and consistently (2.2.13, 23; 3.14.2), [End Page 212] the description of the calling of civil authority as "holy and lawful before God … the most sacred and by far the most honorable of all callings" (4.20.4), and Calvin's claim that the best rulers are those governing according to both tables of the Decalogue (4.20.9–11). Nevertheless, this book is an important contribution to the ongoing debate and should be widely read.Guenther ("Gene") HaasRedeemer University CollegeCopyright © 2018... (shrink)

Digital artifacts often fail to perform as expected. It has recently been argued that this should not be analyzed as software malfunctioning. Rather, every case that is not the result of hardware failures would be due to design errors. This claim, which hinges on the notion of ‘implementation’, highlights a potential fundamental difference between software and other technical artifacts. It also implies that software engineers have more extensive responsibilities than creators of other artifacts. After reconstructing the argument, we show that (...) it rests on two presuppositions regarding the nature of software and the activities of its creators, which we call ‘complete control’ and ‘self-containedness’. Software is taken to be a self-contained unit through which the software engineer exerts complete control over a machine’s behavior. These two presuppositions as well as the usage of implementation and strong claims regarding responsibility can be found throughout the literature on software engineering. Still, we argue that the presuppositions are untenable in light of current practices. For one thing, software engineers cannot exert complete control because software has become too complex for any technique to reliably locate every fault in it. For another, the creation and running of software are nowadays heavily mediated processes involving many agential activities. As a result, the performance of digital artifacts may vary, often in undesirable ways, without either hardware failures or design errors. This undermines the conclusion that software cannot malfunction, while also revealing the complications in developing a metaphysical account of software that fits contemporary practices. (shrink)

Orthodoxy within the literature on the lying-misleading distinction understands the distinction to be between asserting disbelieved information, maybe with an intention to deceive, and conversationally implicating such information by asserting something believed to be true. The main battleground within Orthodoxy is over what account of assertion can bear this weight. In this paper I argue against Orthodoxy. More specifically, I argue that lying does not require assertion, nor is the relevant attitude disbelief. Speakers can expressively lie when they utter "Ouch!" (...) by not being in acute pain. Expressive lies necessitate a dramatic shift away from the orthodox, assertion-based theory of lying that dominates the literature and towards a heterodox, expressing-based one. (shrink)

Does lying require an intention to deceive? Deceptionists answer 'Yes', while Non-Deceptionists answer 'No'. Non-Deceptionists point to a host of purported counterexamples in support of their position. Deceptionists are left unconvinced. By forging a stronger link between the lying and action-theoretic literatures, I offer a new argument against the Deceptionist position. One that must be responded to differently if it is to be countenanced by Deceptionists. I conclude by advancing a promising middle ground between these two positions.

In addition to responding to a series of questions on the importance of WWII and the time devoted to selected topics and the types of resources used, high school teachers of social studies provided comments which revealed that teachers tended to emphasize traditional military history more than modern military or social history. A number of innovations in instruction concerning World War II were clearly evident. The implications of the dominant trends in content and media selection are discussed. Since a sizable (...) number of teachers expressed the desire for computer resources, the potential changes the use of the computer might bring are presented along with areas for research on the instructional decisions teachers will make when using the computer in teaching the history of World War II. (shrink)

Friedrich Gundolf betreibt in seinem wissenschaftlichen Werk eine so ausgiebige Apologetik des Rhythmus, dass sich dieser in seiner Ubiquität jeder konzeptionellen Erdung zu entziehen droht und die Behauptung einer rigiden Opposition zwischen Metrum und Rhythmus immer wieder hinfällig wird. Demgegenüber kann Gundolfs parodistische Lyrik als ein Versuch betrachtet werden, die Grenze zwischen Metrum und Rhythmus neu zu ziehen, indem sie sich jede rhythmische Anverwandlung ihrer Gegenstände versagt.

Pre-service elementary teachers have many misconceptions about children’s interest in and abilities to learn social studies. They often also underestimate the variety of teaching skills that go into teaching powerful social studies lessons. Pre-service teachers who performed a self analysis of their own audio taped economic concept lesson discovered children could learn economic concepts and the teacher had an important role in the success of the students. They found that it was necessary to consciously plan not only meaningful activities, but (...) also clear questions and directions. They also learned that engaging all of the students in the lesson was another difficult set of skills that requires both thought and practice from teachers. (shrink)

The concept of struggle is essential for understanding the relationship between fate and freedom, past and present and future, individuality and community. But the words and grammar for thinking the struggle are lacking. Luckily, taking a hint from Heidegger, the language of “implication” suggests how to think struggle as justice – and thus, to speak to the question of the meaning of being, of beings such as ourselves and of our struggle to be.

Alberto Sianis book revisits a number of positions about the »end of art« (mainly E. Geulen, R. Pippin, A. C. Danto) and reaffirms an interpretation close to the thought of D. Henrich and the school of A. Gethmann-Siefert. In modernity, there is no end of art, only a lessened importance of it which liberates art to fulfil its real purpose, namely the expression of the individual. In extending the bibliographical background, the following article tries to open perspectives beyond this common (...) view, hinting at the exact sense of » being-passed » in the context of absolute spirit, the ontological status of art in its being-as-passed, its relation to the institution of the museum and objective spirit in general, as well as highlighting some consequences for the analysis of art works.Alberto L. Siani, Hegel and the present of arts past character, New York/London: Routledge, 2024. 157 S. – Robert Pippin, After the Beautiful. Hegel and the Philosophy of pictorial Modernism, Chicago/ London: Chicago University Press, 2014. 176 S. – Eva Geulen, Das Ende der Kunst. Lesarten eines Gerüchts nach Hegel, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2002. 199 S. (shrink)

Elementary teachers who were members of the National Council for the Social Studies responded to a survey concerning their perceptions on the status of social studies in the schools, their use of resources, their selection of teaching strategies, and their concerns related to social studies for the next five years. Teachers’ revealed a wide range of responses. Many reported using an integrated approach some of the time, but also indicated they taught social studies as a single stand alone subject based (...) on social science disciplines. Culture, history, and geography dominated their content selection. Interest was shown in expanding their use of computers and the need for on-going staff development. Recommendations to the social studies community are made for meeting the needs of elementary social studies teachers as are suggestions for additional research. (shrink)

As the problem of reference touches on some of the most characteristic concerns of human endeavour, any discussion of it will necessarily encounter considerable problems of mutual understanding. Although there is a vast gulf between Hegel and Wittgenstein and the traditions in which they work, a comparison of the two thinkers reveals some important parallels, such as a shared interest in the production of logical symptoms, i.e. the effects produced by logical acts. This chapter considers the production of such effects (...) in the TLP in relation to reference: “A thinks that p”, the use of the image paradigm in the description of the proposition and its effects on level shifts. The withdrawal of level shifts seems to induce a certain form of reference. All these topics are compared and described in relation to Hegel and his philosophical programme. The chapter ends with a short account of TLP: 6 and its relation to the Kantian conception of reference set out in his theory of categories, which served as an important reference point for both Hegel’s and Wittgenstein’s approach to the problem. (shrink)

The distinction between potentiality and actualityActuality in Aristotle has its origin in Platonic ethicsEthics. In his psychological and ethical works Aristotle’s notion of potentiality is embedded in a causal framework that is characteristic of life in general. A key theme is the distinction of various meanings of ‘to know’. In his early work the possession of knowledgeKnowledge is distinguished from its use. In De anima Aristotle adds the potentiality for acquiring knowledge as characteristic of the genus human being. He argues (...) that the stages of actualization of knowledge are instances of a more comprehensive biological and ethical development. Life is the fulfillment of soulSoul as formal, efficient and final causeCause, with the potentiality of body as material cause. The unity of body and soul is derived from the causal nexus of potentiality and actuality, like a power and the instrument in which it resides. In such cases potentiality is complex and depends on numerous conditions. Failure of full realization may occur when any of the necessary conditions of the development and realization of the fulfillment of human life are lacking, whether in the environment (e.g. climate), the body (illness, drunkenness), or the soulSoul (natural virtue, firm character, attention). (shrink)

Der Philosoph Georg W. Bertram hat ein Buch lang ein spezifisches Autonomie-Paradigma diskutiert. Er versteht darunter den Glauben daran, in der Kunst gehe es auch um die Frage nach der Eigengesetzlichkeit von Kunst. Er zweifelt daran, dass die spezifischen Materialien künstlerischer Arbeit das Eigengesetzliche bereits verbürgen, und vermutet, dass eher »nach der Stellung« zu »fragen« ist, »die Kunst im Rahmen der menschlichen Praxis hat. Oder anders gesagt: Man sollte fragen, welchen Platz Kunst im geistigen Haushalt des Menschen einnimmt.« Bertram will (...) den Gedanken, »Kunst sei autonom«, nicht »mal eben in Bausch und Bogen verwerfen «, denn er habe »durchaus einen richtigen Kern«. Dieser werde dann sichtbar, wenn man beginnt, »Kunst in ihrer Besonderheit im Rahmen der menschlichen Praxis« zu verstehen. (shrink)

Um 1800 verstärkt sich das Problembewusstsein für eine der wissenschaftlichen Reflexion adäquate Darstellung, da sich die Überzeugung durchsetzt, die Sprache sei nicht nur ein Werkzeug, sondern vielmehr ein »bildendes Organ des Gedankens«. Das enge Verhältnis von Aussage und Ausdruck rückt die Wissenschaft in der deutschen Tradition geradezu zwangsläufig in die Nähe zur Literatur. Dabei zeigt sich das wissenschaftliche Selbstverständnis dieser Jahre in der Frage v.a. seiner Adressierung von einer interessanten Paradoxie geprägt. So soll der jeweilige Sprachgebrauch überhaupt erst den szientistischen (...) Anspruch wissenschaftlicher Projekte beglaubigen und diese gleichsam als Spezialdiskurse legitimieren, zugleich muss der ideale Adressat der Wissenschaft solche Spezialdiskurse aber immer auch überschreiten. J. G. Fichte etwa weist den Vorwurf der »Unverständlichkeit« seiner »Wissenschaftslehre« als implizites Verlangen nach »Seichtigkeit« seitens der Leser zurück, zugleich aber erlegt er dem Wissenschaftler die Aufgabe auf, einen Beitrag zum »Fortgang des Menschengeschlechts« zu leisten. Derartigen Spannungen spürt der Band im Kontext vornehmlich des Niedergangs der Rhetorik und der Neubegründung der Universität nach. (shrink)