In countries such as China, where Confucianism is the backbone of national culture, high-social-status entrepreneurs are inclined to engage in corporate social responsibility activities due to the perceived high stress from stakeholders and high ability of doing CSR. Based on a large-scale survey of private enterprises in China, our paper finds that Chinese entrepreneurs at private firms who have high social status are prone to engage in social responsibility efforts. In addition, high-social-status Chinese entrepreneurs are even more likely to engage (...) in social responsibility efforts as they become more politically connected and as the region becomes more market-oriented. These findings extend the upper echelons perspective of CSR into Chinese context by shedding light on antecedents of CSR from a new perspective and clarifying the boundary conditions of the social status–CSR link from the institutional perspective. (shrink)

The Song Dynasty represents a period of profound cultural and artistic flourishing in Chinese history, where court and folk music coexisted to create a richly diverse musical tradition. Beyond its artistic significance, Song music also carried deep spiritual, philosophical, and ritualistic meanings, reflecting Confucian ideals, Daoist cosmology, and Buddhist influences. By examining _Goryeo History – Music_, this study explores the overseas transmission and reception of Song Dynasty music in Goryeo, shedding light on the religious and philosophical dimensions embedded within its (...) melodies and lyrical structures. The records of _Goryeo History – Music_ preserve remnants of Song Dynasty _gewang_ music, including repertoires, lyric forms, and melodic styles that have since been lost in China. Through an analysis of Tang music structures, _song-breaking_ musical forms, and Goryeo instrumental adaptations, this research reveals how Goryeo absorbed and transformed Song music, integrating it with local traditions to form an eclectic musical style. More than a mere cultural exchange, this transmission also facilitated the spread of religious themes, as Song music often carried Buddhist chants, Daoist ritualistic elements, and Confucian moral teachings. The study further investigates the transmission pathways—including diplomatic envoy exchanges, migration of Song musicians to Goryeo, and the exchange of musical manuscripts—which not only enhanced Goryeo’s musical performance techniques but also contributed to the deepening of philosophical and spiritual ties between the two regions. By situating this historical transmission within the broader discourse of religious philosophy and sacred music, this study underscores the role of Song music as a vessel for spiritual and ethical thought. It argues that the transcultural flow of musical traditions between Song China and Goryeo was not merely a transfer of artistic expression but also a movement of metaphysical ideas, reinforcing the connection between music, morality, and religious experience. Future research should further explore the role of music in shaping spiritual identities and cross-cultural religious exchanges, offering deeper insights into the philosophical dimensions of musical heritage in East Asia. (shrink)

This study examines the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of Chinese firms on the formation of cross-border alliances with partners in developed countries. We use signaling theory and the co-evolutionary perspective as bases in proposing that the signaling effects of CSR performance on cross-border alliance formation are subject to the influences of subnational, national, and cross-national institutions. By using a longitudinal data set, we find that the signaling effects of CSR performance on cross-border alliance formation emerged only after (...) a national system of CSR-related institutions had been established. Once this framework was set up, the effectiveness of CSR as a signal was subject to subnational (intra-country) and cross-national (inter-countries) institutional differences. We conclude that combining signaling theory with the co-evolutionary perspective contributes to CSR research in emerging markets. (shrink)

Background The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in individuals with intellectual disabilities raises significant ethical tensions between reproductive autonomy and the welfare of future offspring. Global guidelines addressing this dilemma remain absent. In China, nurses frequently encounter these dual responsibilities without clear operational frameworks. Aim To explore how nursing interventions can support ethical decision-making and reproductive safety for an intellectually disabled patient undergoing ART. Design A qualitative, exploratory single-case study. Methods The study followed a 27-year-old woman with mild intellectual (...) disability through an in vitro fertilization (IVF) pathway. A nurse-led dual-intervention strategy was implemented: (1) cognitively adaptive decision-making tools (pictogram-based IVF guides, emoji risk charts, visual medication calendars); and (2) government-integrated perinatal care services, including prenatal registration, structured follow-up, and postpartum home visits. Ethical Considerations Ethical approval was obtained, and the study adhered to strict ethical standards, including a tailored informed consent process and robust guarantees of confidentiality. Findings The intervention ensured informed consent completion, medication adherence without errors, and comprehensive prenatal tracking via the national maternal health system. The patient delivered a healthy infant (Apgar score = 10). These outcomes demonstrate that nurse-designed cognitive adaptations, combined with systemic safeguards, enhance patient autonomy and reproductive safety. Conclusion This study illustrates an ethical and practical paradigm for reconciling reproductive justice and cognitive equity in ART. Nurse-led innovations, supported by institutional governance, may inform global frameworks for ethically complex fertility care. (shrink)

The service failure of online shopping has always plagued online stores, but the current academic circles still need to explore the service recovery of online shopping from the perspective of empathy and consumer forgiveness. Based on the service failure cases of real online shopping, this article uses the method of situational experiment to carry out empirical research, discusses the impact mechanism of service recovery effect from the perspective of empathy and consumer forgiveness, and tests the moderating role of online store (...) reputation. The results show that in the online shopping service recovery scenario, empathy has a positive impact on consumer forgiveness, consumer forgiveness has a positive impact on consumer repurchase intention, and consumer forgiveness plays a mediating effect between empathy and consumer repurchase intention. Online store reputation plays a moderating role in the relationship between consumer forgiveness and consumer repurchase intention. The research conclusion of this article will help to expand the application of empathy and consumer forgiveness in the research of service recovery, enrich the theory of online shopping service recovery, improve the effect of online shopping service recovery, and promote the healthy development of online shopping business models. (shrink)

The ethical and philosophical foundations of marital property rights have profound implications not only for legal structures but also for religious and moral frameworks governing marriage and family life. In many religious traditions, the joint property of spouses is not merely a legal matter but is deeply intertwined with theological understandings of marital unity, stewardship, and moral responsibility. This study examines the ethical logic underpinning the right to dispose of joint marital property in the context of the Marriage Law, incorporating (...) religious and philosophical perspectives on ownership, duty, and justice within the marital relationship. Building upon legislative ethical principles, this research explores the application of spousal property rights through a normative and moral lens. A structured assessment is conducted using a questionnaire designed to evaluate the ethical and normative dimensions of legal provisions governing the disposal of joint marital property. Findings reveal significant inconsistencies in judicial rulings concerning spousal property rights, where similar factual circumstances yield differing legal outcomes based on interpretative variances. The study underscores the necessity of standardizing and improving legal frameworks while considering their ethical and theological coherence. Although the legality and rationality of current legislation are relatively well-established, the enforceability of these provisions remains inadequate, with a low assessment score of 2.51, highlighting the need for further revisions to ensure moral and practical effectiveness. This research contributes to the broader discourse on the intersection of religious ethics, legal philosophy, and marital property law. By incorporating perspectives from Christian, Islamic, and Confucian traditions on marital stewardship and economic justice, it advocates for a more holistic approach to legislative reform that aligns legal norms with ethical and spiritual principles. Future studies should further explore how theological conceptions of marriage, family responsibility, and shared ownership can inform legal interpretations and enhance the moral legitimacy of marital property laws in diverse cultural and religious contexts. (shrink)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disease in the world and appears to be an emerging epidemic in Africa, where counteractive measures have become necessary. Previous reports have highlighted the limited epidemiological and clinical PD research in Africa but overlooked the poor preclinical PD research output of the continent. Because preclinical research is a bedrock for translating basic scientific research into clinical practice, a weak preclinical research foundation can hamper advancement in epidemiological and clinical investigations. The sparsity and low (...) impact of preclinical PD research output in African countries compared to high-resource countries underscores the need for pragmatic measures to close the research gap. An improved funding of brain research in African institutions—ensuring provision of facilities and infrastructure for cutting-edge research, adequate remuneration for researchers, and policies to curtail brain drain—will stimulate preclinical PD research in Africa and contribute to stemming the spiraling global PD incidence. (shrink)

Errors are inevitable in an increasingly risky and dynamic entrepreneurial environment. The error management and the error climate perceived by the members are crucial to the subsequent innovation behaviors. Maintaining and improving the psychological capital of entrepreneurs under errors is not only the psychological activities of entrepreneurs themselves but also a critical management process in which an organization can influence the psychological factors and behaviors of entrepreneurs through error management climate. In the context of Chinese culture, this study explores the (...) influence of error management climate on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and innovation behavior under the boundary condition of Zhongyong thinking. Two hundred ninety samples of Chinese entrepreneurs are empirically analyzed in this study, and results show that: error management climate and entrepreneurial self-efficacy have significant positive effects on entrepreneurs’ innovation behavior; entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediates the relationship between error management climate and innovation behavior; and Zhongyong thinking plays moderating roles in the process of error management climate influencing innovation behavior. This study complements the entrepreneurship literature with its focus on error management climate as an essential antecedent of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and promotes an understanding of how Chinese practitioners promote innovative behavior from a cultural perspective. (shrink)

When the energy-harvesting embedded system is running, its available energy seems to be sufficient overall. However, in the process of EHES task execution, an energy shortage may occur in the busy period such that system tasks cannot be scheduled. We call this issue the energy deception of the EHES. Aiming to address the ED issue, we design an appropriate initial energy level of the battery. In this paper, we propose three algorithms to judge the feasibility of the task set and (...) calculate the appropriate initial energy level of the battery. The holistic energy evaluation algorithm makes a preliminary judgment of the task set feasibility according to available energy and consumption energy. A worst-case response time-based initial energy level of the battery algorithm and an accurate cycle-initial energy level of the battery algorithm can calculate the proper initial battery capacity. We use the YARTISS tool to simulate the above three algorithms. We conducted 250 experiments on As Late As Possible and As Soon As Possible scheduling with the maximum battery capacities of 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400. The experimental results show that setting a reasonable initial energy level of the battery can effectively improve the feasibility of the task set. Among the 250 task sets, the HEE algorithm filtered 2.8% of them as infeasible task sets. When the battery capacity is set to 400, the WCRT-BIEL algorithm increases the success rates of the ALAP and ASAP by 17.2% and 26.8%, respectively. The AC-BIEL algorithm increases the success rates of the ALAP and ASAP by 18% and 26.8%, respectively. (shrink)

China is experiencing high social inequality accompanying influential education reforms. The Independent Freshmen Admission policy was one of the multiple strategies in higher education reforms in China against the social context of high social inequality and the expansion of higher education. By comparing students admitted through IFA with those admitted by the National College Entrance Examination, we examined how family advantages contributed to higher education inequality in terms of educational opportunity, process, and results. Using data from an elite university in (...) Beijing, we found that: Family advantages improved a student’s likelihood of being admitted through IFA, exhibiting opportunity inequality. No significant difference in academic grades existed between the students admitted through IFA and NCEE. In comprehensive quality, however, those recruited through IFA performed significantly better than those admitted through NCEE. Family social capital not only increased the likelihood of students being admitted through IFA but also, through direct and indirect effects, increased their comprehensive quality performance in terms of receiving student association and social practice awards. (shrink)

BackgroundUser selection is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of mobile medical businesses. Under the background of increasingly fierce competition, the decision-making behavior of mobile medical businesses will directly affect the choice of the behavior of users.MethodsThe study constructs the decision-making behavior model of mobile medical business based on the user choice and adds the role of people in government. It uses the game method to explore the relationship between the government, mobile medical business, and users. Finally, it makes (...) an example analysis. Empirical research is conducted to demonstrate the influence of different parameter changes on the results.ResultsThe results show that in the absence of government intervention, users’ choice of filtering information will create a bad environment for mobile medical businesses, and further will be reduced, and the expected utility of businesses will not be affected causing a reduction in expected utility of companies. Similarly, government regulations can effectively improve the mobile medical environment and enhance the expected utility of mobile medical companies.ConclusionThe government needs to formulate relevant laws and regulations to ensure the orderly operation of the mobile medical market and strengthen government supervision. It is necessary to conduct publicity and education to protect the fundamental interests of users and businesses. (shrink)

With the popularization of mobile Internet and smart terminals, mobile reading with diversity and mobility has become a hot issue in the industry and academia. This article comes up with a hypothetical model of mobile reading user acceptance behavior based on the technology acceptance model and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and conducts an analysis of the reliability and validity of questionnaire data. Based on this, the model fitness is analyzed as well as the path hypotheses testing. (...) We find that user-perceived ease of use greatly influences perceived usefulness, and user attitude and behavioral intention are significantly impacted by perceived usefulness. The impact of social influence on user attitude toward using mobile reading is significant, but the influence of perceived payment is not obvious. The moderating effect of living habit is not obvious because the absolute value of the critical ratio is under 2.58 with a significance level of 0.01. (shrink)

Tactile emotion recognition provides a lot of valuable information in human-computer interaction, and it has strong application prospects in many aspects such as smart home and medical treatment. So this situation raises a question: How to quickly and efficiently let the robot perform the correct emotion recognition? In this work, we develop a lifelong learning algorithm which is based on the efficient dictionary learning technology, to tackle the tactile emotion recognition across different tasks. To verify the efficiency of the proposed (...) method, we applied it to two data sets for experimentation: Corpus of Social Touch (CoST) and our dataset(We built it with a 12X12 array sensor). The results show that the proposed lifelong learning algorithm achieves satisfactory results. (shrink)

The problem of the balance of power within the European state system constituted an important part of Hume’s historical vision. From the vantage point of mid-eighteenth-century Europe, the maxim of the balance of power, proven to be a universal principle in Greek and Roman history, was believed by many to be essential to mutual prosperity and security.1 This was particularly because France, partaking actively in the international competition for commercial wealth in Europe and the New World, created increasing anxieties over (...) the danger of universal monarchy. Hume was a strong advocate of the classical doctrine of the balance of power, which, he observed, was “founded...... (shrink)

This study explores the impact mechanism of perceived risk and negative emotions on the service recovery effect of an online travel agency through a scenario experiment. The results show that: perceived risk has positive and negative impacts on negative emotions and service recovery satisfaction, negative emotions have a negative impact on service recovery satisfaction, and corporate reputation plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between perceived risk and service recovery satisfaction. This study is helpful to better explain the impact (...) mechanism of the service recovery effect of OTAs, and to provide a theoretical reference for improving the service recovery effect of OTAs. (shrink)