Abstract

This study investigates the impact of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices on environmental performance, with a focus on the moderating role of environmental commitment in manufacturing firms within an emerging economy. Grounded in the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV) theory, the research examines how green purchasing, green manufacturing, and green distribution and packaging influence environmental outcomes. Using a quantitative approach, primary data were collected via structured questionnaires from 200 manufacturing firms in Ghana's Greater Accra Region and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that green purchasing and green distribution and packaging have a significant positive effect on environmental performance, with the latter showing the strongest impact. Surprisingly, green manufacturing showed no significant direct effect, likely due to technological and financial constraints. Environmental commitment significantly strengthens the relationship between green purchasing and environmental performance, but has no significant moderating effect on green manufacturing or green distribution. These findings highlight the importance of organizational culture and leadership in enhancing the effectiveness of certain GSCM practices. The study contributes theoretically by refining the NRBV framework through the integration of environmental commitment as a moderator, and offers practical insights for managers and policymakers on prioritizing high-impact green practices and supporting them with organizational commitment and external incentives.