Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: TAAR2
Cytogenetic location: 6q23.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 6:132,617,150-132,624,275 (from NCBI)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs, or GPRs) contain 7 transmembrane domains and transduce extracellular signals through heterotrimeric G proteins. Lee et al. (2000) obtained the sequences of a human cerebellum cDNA encoding phBL5, which they called GPR58, and a rabbit smooth muscle cDNA encoding GPR58 from the patent literature. They isolated the complete human GPR58 coding region from genomic DNA. The deduced 306-amino acid human GPR58 protein shares 42% identity with the putative neurotransmitter receptor PNR (TAAR5; 607405) and 34% identity with the serotonin receptor 5-HT4 (HTR4; 602164). GPR58 shares highest identity with HNHCI32, or GPR57, a human hippocampus cDNA from the patent literature; however, genomic library screening showed that GPR57 represents a pseudogene. GPR58 contains 7 predicted transmembrane domains, potential PKC phosphorylation sites, and residues corresponding to those in biogenic amine-binding receptors that are important for ligand binding. Northern blot analysis did not detect GPR58 expression in human pons, thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, caudate, putamen, frontal cortex, basal forebrain, midbrain, or liver.
By screening the genomic sequence using a nonredundant set of all vertebrate G protein-coupled receptors as queries, Lindemann et al. (2005) identified a long isoform of TAAR2. The deduced 353-amino acid protein shows several structural features characteristic of the rhodopsin (180380)/beta-adrenergic receptor (see 109630) superfamily, including 7 transmembrane regions, which provide a common ligand-binding pocket, and short N- and C-terminal domains.
Lindemann et al. (2005) determined that the coding region of TAAR2 is contained within 2 exons. All other members of the TAAR family are encoded by a single exon.
By FISH, Lee et al. (2000) mapped the GPR58 gene to chromosome 6q24.
Lee, D. K., Lynch, K. R., Nguyen, T., Im, D.-S., Cheng, R., Saldivia, V. R., Liu, Y., Liu, I. S. C., Heng, H. H. Q., Seeman, P., George, S. R., O'Dowd, B. F., Marchese, A. Cloning and characterization of additional members of the G protein-coupled receptor family. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1490: 311-323, 2000. [PubMed: 10684976] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00241-9]
Lindemann, L., Ebeling, M., Kratochwil, N. A., Bunzow, J. R., Grandy, D. K., Hoener, M. C. Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors. Genomics 85: 372-385, 2005. [PubMed: 15718104] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.11.010]