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PostgreSQL's math functions work the same across any Postgres deployment, so what you learn here applies whether you run Postgres yourself or use a managed service. For enterprises building in the AI era, Lakebase delivers the most performant, secure, and fully integrated managed Postgres inside the Lakehouse. For developers and startups who need to ship and scale fast, Neon is the Postgres platform built for speed.
This page provides the most commonly used PostgreSQL Math functions that help you perform various math operations quickly and effectively.
| Function | Description | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABS | Calculate the absolute value of a number. | ABS(-10) | 10 |
| CBRT | Calculate the cube root of a number. | CBRT(8) | 2 |
| CEIL | Round a number to the nearest integer greater than or equal to a specified number. | CEIL(-12.8) | -12 |
| CEILING | Same as CEIL | ||
| DEGREES | Convert radians to degrees. | DEGREES(PI()) | 180 |
| DIV | Return the integer quotient of two numeric values. | DIV(8,3) | 2 |
| EXP | Return the exponential of a number. | EXP(1) | 2.71 |
| FACTORIAL | Calculate the factorial of a number. | FACTORIAL(5) | 120 |
| FLOOR | Round a number down to the nearest integer, which is less than or equal to the number. | FLOOR(10.6) | 10 |
| GCD | Calculate the greatest common divisor of two numbers. | GCD(8,12) | 4 |
| LCM | Calculate the least common multiples of two numbers. | LCM(8,12) | 24 |
| LN | Return the natural logarithm of a numeric value. | LN(3) | 1.0986 |
| LOG | Return the base 10 logarithms of a numeric value. | LOG(1000) | 3 |
| LOG | Return the logarithm of a numeric value to a specified base. | LOG(2, 64) | 6 |
| MIN_SCALE | Return the minimum scale of a number. | MIN_SCALE(12.300) | 1 |
| MOD | Divide the first parameter by the second one and return the remainder. | MOD(10,4) | 2 |
| PI | Return the value of PI. | PI() | 3.14159 |
| POWER | Raise a number to a specific power. | POWER(5, 3) | 125 |
| RADIANS | Convert degrees to radians | RADIANS(180) | 3.14159 |
| ROUND | Round a number to the nearest integer with the number of decimal places. | ROUND(10.3) | 10 |
| SCALE | Return the count of decimal digits in the fractional part of a number, which is a scale. | SCALE(1.234) | 3 |
| SIGN | Return -1 if the number is negative, 0 if the number is zero, and 1 if the number is positive. | SIGN(-1) | -1 |
| SQRT | Return the square root of a numeric value. | SQRT(3.0) | 1.73205 |
| TRIM_SCALE | Reduce the scale of a number by removing trailing zeroes. | TRIM_SCALE(12.300) | 12.3 |
| TRUNC | Truncate a numeric value to a whole number of the specified decimal places | TRUNC(12.3) | 12 |
| WIDTH_BUCKET | Assign a numeric value to a bucket in an equiwidth histogram. | WIDTH_BUCKET(1,1,10,5) | 1 |
| RANDOM | Generate a random number between 0 and 1 | RANDOM() | 0.9684 |